Ukuvikela Idatha Yakho: Ukuqonda Ukuvikeleka Kolwazi kanye Nencazelo Yako
Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, ukuphepha kolwazi lwethu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokunyuka kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi, ukuqonda ukuphepha kolwazi kanye nencazelo yalo kubalulekile ekuvikeleni idatha yethu. Lesi sihloko sicubungula emhlabeni oyinkimbinkimbi wokuphepha kolwazi, sikunikeza ulwazi lokuvikela ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu nolubucayi.
Ukuvikeleka kolwazi kuhlanganisa uhla lwezinqubo, izinqubo, nobuchwepheshe obuvikela idatha ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukusetshenziswa, ukudalulwa, ukuphazanyiswa, ukuguqulwa, noma ukonakaliswa. Kubandakanya indlela ebanzi yokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwedatha, ubuqotho, nokutholakala, okuhlanganisa nezinyathelo ezibonakalayo, ezobuchwepheshe, nezokuphatha.
Ngokuqonda umqondo wokuphepha kolwazi kanye nezici zalo ezihlukahlukene, ungenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nezinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele uzisebenzise ukuze uvikele idatha yakho. Lesi sihloko sizokuhlomisa ngamathuluzi nolwazi lokuqinisa izivikelo zakho zedijithali, kusukela kumagama-mfihlo avikelekile kanye nokubethela kuya kuma-firewall kanye nesofthiwe yokulwa namagciwane.
Ungakuyeki ukuvikeleka kwedatha yakho kunhlanhla. Hlanganyela nathi kulolu hambo olufundisayo ukuze uqonde ukuphepha kolwazi nokubaluleka kwalo esimweni sanamuhla sedijithali.
Ukubaluleka kokuphepha kolwazi
Esikhathini lapho idatha iwuhlobo lwemali olusha, ukubaluleka kokuphepha kolwazi akukwazi ukweqiwa. Nsuku zonke, abantu nezinhlangano bakhiqiza futhi bashintshisane ngenani elikhulu ledatha, kusukela emininingwaneni yomuntu siqu kuye kweyezezimali. Lolu lwazi olubalulekile luba sengcupheni yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele.
Ukuvikeleka kolwazi kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ihlala iyimfihlo, ibalulekile, futhi itholakala kubantu abagunyaziwe noma amasistimu. Ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zokuphepha eziqinile, izinhlangano zingavikela ulwazi lwazo olubucayi ekwebiweni, ekudalulweni okungagunyaziwe, noma ekubhujisweni. Ukwengeza, abantu bangavikela idatha yabo, banciphise ubungozi bokwebiwa kobunikazi, ukukhwabanisa, noma ukwephulwa kobumfihlo.
Izinsongo ezijwayelekile ekuvikelekeni kolwazi
Njengoba isimo sedijithali sithuthuka, kanjalo nezinsongo ekuvikelekeni kolwazi. Izigebengu ze-Cybercriminal zihlala zenza amaqhinga amasha ukuze zisebenzise ubungozi futhi zithole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kudatha ebalulekile. Ukuqonda izinsongo ezivamile kubalulekile ukuze uhlale isinyathelo esisodwa phambili ekulweni nobugebengu bamakhompuyutha.
Usongo olulodwa oluvamile uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, isofthiwe enonya eklanyelwe ukungena kumasistimu futhi ifake idatha engcupheni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amagciwane, izikelemu, ama-trojan, ne-ransomware, phakathi kokunye. Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, lapho abahlaseli bezenza amabhizinisi athembekile ukuze bakhohlise abantu abathile ukuze baveze ulwazi olubucayi, nakho kuyakhula. Ezinye izinsongo zihlanganisa ukugebenga, ubunjiniyela bezenhlalo, kanye nezinsongo zangaphakathi.
Ukuqonda ukwephulwa kwedatha
Ukuphulwa kwedatha sekuyinto evamile, okwenza izihloko zezindaba futhi kudala umonakalo omkhulu ezinhlanganweni nakubantu ngabanye. Ukwephulwa kwedatha ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukudalulwa kwedatha ebucayi. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali, ekulimaleni kwesithunzi, imiphumela yezomthetho, kanye nolwazi lomuntu siqu olusengozini.
Ukuphulwa kwedatha kungenzeka ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ezibuthakathaka, iphutha lomuntu, noma ukuhlaselwa okuqondiwe. Abahlaseli bangase basebenzise ubungozi kunethiwekhi yenhlangano noma amasistimu, bathole ukufinyelela kusizindalwazi esiqukethe ulwazi olubucayi, futhi bakhiphe idatha ngezinjongo ezinonya. Ukuqwashisa ngemiphumela engaba khona yokuphulwa kwedatha kubalulekile ukuze uqonde ukubaluleka kokuphepha kolwazi.
Izindlela ezihamba phambili zokuphepha kolwazi
Izinhlangano nabantu ngabanye kufanele basebenzise izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela ulwazi ukuze bavikele idatha ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe kanye nokuphulwa okungahle kwenzeke. Lezi zinqubo zisebenza njengesisekelo sokwakha uhlaka oluqinile lokuvikela nokunciphisa ubungozi bokufakwa ebucayini kwedatha.
Enye yezinqubo eziyisisekelo wukuhlola ubungozi okuvamile ukuze kuhlonzwe ubungozi kanye nezinsongo ezingaba khona. Lokhu kuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zibeke phambili izinyathelo zokuphepha futhi zabe izinsiza ngempumelelo. Ukusebenzisa isistimu yokulawula ukufinyelela okuqinile, okuhlanganisa ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi nezinqubo zokugunyaza, kuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abagunyaziwe kuphela abangafinyelela ulwazi olubucayi.
Ukuvuselela njalo nokunamathisela isofthiwe nezinhlelo kungenye inkambiso ebalulekile. Lokhu kusiza ukubhekana nokuba sengozini okwaziwayo futhi kuvikelwe ekuxhashazweni. Izinqubo zokusekela ngokulondoloza idatha nezokuthola kabusha kufanele zibe khona ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wokulahleka kwedatha okungaba khona noma inkohlakalo.
Iqhaza lokubethela ekuvikelekeni kolwazi
Ukubethela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikelekeni kolwazi ngokuguqula idatha ibe ifomethi engafundeki ngaphandle kokhiye wokukhipha ukubethela ofanelekile. Iqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe idatha ibanjwa, ihlala ingaqondakali kubantu abangagunyaziwe noma amasistimu. Ukubhala ngemfihlo kusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa iziteshi zokuxhumana, izinhlelo zokugcina, namadivayisi aphathekayo.
Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokubethela, njengokubethela kwe-symmetric kanye ne-asymmetric. Ukubethela kwe-Symmetric kusebenzisa ukhiye owodwa ekubetheleni nasekususeni ukubethela, kuyilapho ukubethela kwe-asymmetric kusebenzisa ipheya yokhiye: ukhiye osesidlangalaleni wokubethela kanye nokhiye oyimfihlo wokukhipha ukubethela. Izinhlangano zingavikela idatha yazo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubethela, noma ngabe iwela ezandleni ezingalungile.
Ukudala inqubomgomo yephasiwedi eqinile
Amaphasiwedi angenye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokuvikela ama-akhawunti namasistimu edijithali. Nokho, amaphasiwedi abuthaka noma aqageleka kalula adala ingozi enkulu yokuphepha. Inqubomgomo yephasiwedi eqinile ivimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe futhi ivikela imininingwane ebucayi.
Iphasiwedi eqinile kufanele ibe yinde, ibe yinkimbinkimbi, futhi ihluke. Kufanele ifake osonhlamvukazi nabancane, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile. Gwema ukusebenzisa ulwazi oluqageleka kalula njengezinsuku zokuzalwa noma amagama. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo zokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwephasiwedi kanye nokuphoqelela ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kuthuthukisa ukuphepha.
Ukuqeqesha nokufundisa abasebenzi ngokuvikeleka kolwazi
Kunoma iyiphi inhlangano, abasebenzi badlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikelekeni kolwazi. Abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kahle nabafundile bangaba ukuzivikela kokuqala ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Izinhlangano kufanele zinikeze izikhathi zokuqeqesha ezivamile nezinhlelo zokuqwashisa ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi abasebenzi bayaqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha kolwazi nendima yabo ekuvikeleni idatha ebucayi.
Uqeqesho kufanele luhlanganise ukuhlonza imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukuphatha ulwazi olubucayi, kanye nokuthobela izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha. Ngokukhuthaza isiko lokuqwashisa ngokuvikeleka, izinhlangano zingakha uhlangothi oluhlangene ngokumelene nezinsongo ezingaba khona futhi zinciphise ubungozi bephutha lomuntu eliholela ekwephulweni kwedatha.
Ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi
I-Multi-factor authentication (MFA) yengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha enqubweni yokuqinisekisa ngokudinga ukuthi abasebenzisi banikeze ngemininingwane eyengeziwe ngale kwephasiwedi nje. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric, njengezigxivizo zeminwe noma ukubonwa kobuso, noma iphasiwedi yesikhathi esisodwa ekhiqizwe ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula.
Ngokusebenzisa i-MFA, izinhlangano zinganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ngisho noma amaphasiwedi enziwe engcupheni. Yengeza umgoqo kubahlaseli, okwenza ukuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kudatha ebucayi noma amasistimu kube nzima kakhulu.
Isiphetho: Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela idatha yakho
Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, ukuphepha kolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqonda umqondo wokuvikeleka kolwazi kanye nezici zawo ezihlukahlukene kunikeza abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano amandla okuvikela idatha yabo ngempumelelo. Ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezihamba phambili, ezifana nokubethela, izinqubomgomo eziqinile zamaphasiwedi, ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi, nokuqinisekisa ngezinto eziningi, ungaqinisa ukuzivikela kwakho kwedijithali futhi wehlise ingcuphe yokuphulwa kwedatha.
Ungakuyeki ukuvikeleka kwedatha yakho kunhlanhla. Thatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuze uvikele imininingwane yakho futhi uhlale ngaphambi kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi. Ngokubeka phambili ukuphepha kolwazi, ungakwazi ukujabulela izinzuzo zeminyaka yedijithali ngaphandle kokufaka engozini ubumfihlo bakho nokuvikeleka. Khumbula, ukuvikelwa kwedatha yakho kuqala ngawe.
Vikela idatha yakho namuhla futhi uqinisekise ikusasa elivikelekile lobukhona bakho bedijithali.
