Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, ukuphepha kwe-cybersecurity kubaluleke kakhulu. Ithuluzi elilodwa elibalulekile ekuvikeleni inethiwekhi yakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi yi- isistimu yokuthola ukungena kokungena (IDS). Lo mhlahlandlela uzohlola ukuthi iyini i-IDS, isebenza kanjani, nokuthi kungani ibalulekile ekuvikeleni inethiwekhi yakho ekungeneni okungase kube khona.
Yini i-Intrusion Detection System (IDS)?
An Uhlelo Lokutholwa Kokungena (IDS) iyithuluzi lokuvikela eliqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi futhi lithola umsebenzi osolisayo noma onobungozi. Isebenza ngokuhlaziya amaphakethe enethiwekhi futhi uwaqhathanise nesizindalwazi samasiginesha okuhlasela aziwayo noma amaphethini okuziphatha. Uma i-IDS ithola umzamo wokungena, ingenza isexwayiso noma ithathe isinyathelo ukuvimba ithrafikhi enonya. Ama-IDS angaba asuselwa kunethiwekhi, aqaphe ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi, noma asuselwe kubasingathi, umsebenzi wokuqapha kumadivayisi angawodwana. Ngokuthola nokusabela ekungeneni okungase kube khona, ama-IDS adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha nobuqotho benethiwekhi.
Isebenza kanjani i-IDS ukuze ithole futhi ivimbele izinsongo ze-cyber?
An I-Intrusion Detection System (IDS) isebenza ngokuqapha njalo ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi kanye nokuyihlaziya ukuze kutholwe noma yiziphi izimpawu zesenzo esisolisayo noma esinonya. Iqhathanisa amaphakethe enethiwekhi ngokumelene nesizindalwazi samasiginesha aziwayo okuhlasela noma amaphethini okuziphatha. Uma i-IDS ithola noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okufana nalawa masiginesha noma amamaki, ingakwazi ukukhiqiza isexwayiso ukuze yazise umlawuli wenethiwekhi noma ithathe isinyathelo sokuvimba ithrafikhi enonya. Le ndlela yokusebenza isiza ukuvimbela izinsongo ze-inthanethi ekungeneni kunethiwekhi futhi zibeke engcupheni ukuphepha kwayo. Ama-IDS angaphinda anikeze imininingwane ebalulekile ezinhlotsheni zezinsongo eziqondiswe kuwebhu, okuvumela ukuvikela okungcono kanye namasu okunciphisa ukuthi asetshenziswe.
Izinhlobo ze-IDS: Isekelwe kunethiwekhi iqhathaniswa ne-Host-based.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): i-IDS esekelwe kunethiwekhi kanye ne-IDS esekelwe kumsingathi.
A okusekelwe kunethiwekhi Abaqaphi be-IDS futhi ihlaziya ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zomsebenzi osolisayo noma onobungozi. Ingathola ukuhlaselwa okuqondise inethiwekhi iyonke, njengokuskena kwembobo, ukunqatshelwa kokuhlaselwa kwesevisi, noma imizamo yokusebenzisa ubungozi kumaphrothokholi enethiwekhi. Ama-IDS asekelwe kunethiwekhi ngokuvamile abekwa ezindaweni zamacebo ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi, njengakupherimitha noma izingxenye zenethiwekhi ezibalulekile, ukuze kuqashwe yonke ithrafikhi engenayo naphumayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-IDS esuselwe kumsingathi igxile ekuqapheni imisebenzi nokuziphatha kwabasingathi ngabanye noma izindawo zokugcina ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi. Ingathola ukuhlaselwa okuqondile kumsingathi, njengemizamo yokufinyelela engagunyaziwe, izifo eziwuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, noma ukuziphatha kwesistimu okungajwayelekile. Ama-IDS asekelwe kubasingathi afakwa ngokuqondile kubasingathi abangabodwana noma amaphoyinti okugcina futhi anganikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nemisebenzi kulawo masistimu.
Ama-IDS asekelwe kunethiwekhi nasekelwe kubasingathi anezinzuzo futhi angaphelelisana ekunikezeni ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi okuphelele. Ama-IDS asekelwe kunethiwekhi asebenza kahle ekutholeni ukuhlasela okuqondiswe kunethiwekhi iyonke. Ngokuphambene, ama-IDS asuselwe kubasingathi angahlinzeka ngokubonakala kwembudumbudu okwengeziwe emisebenzini eyenzekayo kubasingathi abangabodwana. Ngokusebenzisa zombili izinhlobo zama-IDS, izinhlangano zingathuthukisa ukuma kwazo kukonke kwe-cybersecurity futhi zivikele kangcono amanethiwekhi azo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinsongo.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-IDS esu lakho le-cybersecurity.
Ukusebenzisa i-Intrusion Detection System (IDS) esu lakho le-cybersecurity kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa. Okokuqala, i-IDS ingathola izinsongo ezingaba khona nokuhlaselwa kusenesikhathi, okuvumela impendulo esheshayo kanye nokunciphisa. Ngokuqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi noma imisebenzi yosokhaya ngamunye, i-IDS ingakwazi ukuhlonza ukuziphatha okusolisayo noma okunonya futhi yazise amaqembu onogada ukuthi athathe isinyathelo.
Okwesibili, i-IDS ingasiza izinhlangano ukuthi zithobelane nezidingo zokulawula kanye namazinga omkhakha. Imithetho eminingi, njenge-Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) noma uMthetho Wokuphatheka Komshuwalense Wezempilo kanye Nokuziphendulela (HIPAA), idinga ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zokutholwa kokungenela njengengxenye yohlelo lokuphepha olubanzi.
Ukwengeza, i-IDS inganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ekumeni kokuvikeleka kwenethiwekhi yenhlangano. Ngokuhlaziya izinhlobo namaphethini okuhlasela atholiwe, amaqembu okuvikela angakwazi ukuhlonza ubungozi kanye nobuthakathaka kumasistimu awo futhi athathe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuze aqinise ukuzivikela kwawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IDS ingaba negalelo ekuphenduleni isigameko kanye nophenyo lwe-forensic. Ngokungena nokuhlaziya imisebenzi yenethiwekhi noma yomsingathi, i-IDS inganikeza ubufakazi obubalulekile nolwazi olumayelana nemvelo nobubanzi bokuhlasela, kusize ekuhlonzeni umhlaseli kanye nenqubo yokutakula.
Ukusebenzisa i-IDS esu lakho le-cybersecurity kubalulekile ekuvikeleni inethiwekhi yakho ekusongelweni kwe-inthanethi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho, ukuthuthukiswa kokuma kwezokuphepha, kanye nokwenza lula ukuphendula kwezigameko kanye nophenyo lwe-forensic.
Imikhuba engcono kakhulu yokulungisa nokugcina i-IDS.
Ukulungisa kanye nokugcina Uhlelo Lokutholwa Kwe-Intrusion (IDS) ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle kwalo ekutholeni nasekuvimbeleni izinsongo ze-inthanethi. Nansi imikhuba emihle ongayilandela:
1. Njalo buyekeza futhi unamathisele isofthiwe ye-IDS yakho: Gcina isofthiwe yakho ye-IDS isesikhathini samanje ngeziqephu zakamuva nezibuyekezo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ingathola futhi ivikele ezinsongweni zakamuva.
2. Enza ngendlela oyifisayo imithetho ye-IDS yakho: Hlela imithetho ye-ID yakho ukuze ihambisane nezidingo ezithile zenethiwekhi yakho kanye nokuba sengozini. Lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ukuhlehlisa okungamanga futhi kugxile ezinsongweni ezifanele kakhulu.
3. Qapha futhi uhlaziye izexwayiso ze-IDS: Qaphela futhi uhlaziye izexwayiso ezikhiqizwa i-IDS yakho. Phenya noma yimuphi umsebenzi osolisayo ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukuthi kuwusongo lwangempela noma ukuphozithiza okungamanga.
4. Hlanganisa i-ID yakho namanye amathuluzi okuvikela: Hlanganisa i-ID yakho namanye amathuluzi okuvikela, njengezindonga zokuvikela kanye nesofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, ukuze udale isistimu yokuvikela ebanzi. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ikhono lakho lokubona nokusabela ezinsongweni.
5. Buyekeza njalo futhi ubuyekeze izinqubomgomo zakho ze-IDS: Zibuyekeze futhi uzibuyekeze njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zihambisana nezidingo zokuphepha zenhlangano yakho ezithuthukayo kanye nezindlela ezihamba phambili zomkhakha.
6. Yenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuba sengozini: Yenza uhlolo olujwayelekile lokuba sengozini ukuze uhlonze ubuthakathaka kunethiwekhi yakho abahlaseli abangase babusebenzise. Sebenzisa okutholiwe ukuze ulungise imithetho yakho ye-IDS futhi uqinise ukuzivikela kwakho.
7. Qeqesha ithimba lakho lezokuphepha: Nikeza ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele eqenjini lakho lezokuphepha lokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani ngempumelelo futhi utolike idatha enikezwe i-IDS. Lokhu kuzobenza bakwazi ukusabela ngokushesha nangokunembile ezinsongweni ezingaba khona.
8. Sebenzisa uhlelo lokugawula nokuhlaziya oluphakathi nendawo: Setha isistimu yokugawula emaphakathi nokuhlaziya ukuze uqoqe futhi uhlaziye idatha evela ku-IDS yakho namanye amathuluzi okuvikela. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngokubuka okuphelele kokuvikeleka kwenethiwekhi yakho futhi kunikeze amandla ukutholwa nokusabela okungcono kakhulu.
9. Njalo buyekeza futhi uhlaziye amalogi e-IDS: Njalo buyekeza futhi uhlaziye amalogi akhiqizwe i-IDS yakho ukuze ubone noma imaphi amaphethini noma izitayela ezingase zibonise ukuhlasela okungaba khona. Le ndlela yokusebenza ingakusiza ukuthi uthole futhi unciphise izinsongo ngaphambi kokuthi zidale umonakalo omkhulu.
10. Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezinsongo ezivelayo: Hlala unolwazi ngamathrendi akamuva okuphepha ku-inthanethi nezinsongo ezivelayo. Lolu lwazi luzokusiza ukuthi ulungise kahle imithetho yakho ye-IDS futhi uvikele inethiwekhi yakho kumasu amasha naguqukayo okuhlasela.
Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili, ungamisa futhi ugcine i-IDS yakho ngempumelelo, ithuthukisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi yakho futhi iyivikele ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi.
