Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, lapho ubuchwepheshe buguqule imboni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo, usongo olukhulayo lokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi seluyinkinga enkulu. Ukubaluleka kokuvikela idatha yesiguli ebucayi angeke kweqiswe. Abahlaseli be-Cyber bahlala beshintsha amaqhinga abo, okwenza kuphoqeleke ukuthi izinhlangano zezokunakekelwa kwezempilo zihlale isinyathelo esisodwa phambili futhi ziqinisekise ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zazo namanethiwekhi.
Lesi sihloko sicubungula ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, okugqamisa ubungozi nemiphumela yokuphulwa kwedatha. Sihlola izindlela ezihlukene zabaduni ukuze bangene kumanethiwekhi okunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nemithelela engaba khona ezigulini nezinhlangano. Ukwengeza, le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile yokuthi izinhlangano zezempilo zingazivikela kanjani kanye nedatha yazo ebalulekile.
Kusukela ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha eziqinile nokuqeqesha abasebenzi ukuthi baqaphele izinsongo ezivelayo, lesi sihloko sinikeza amathiphu asebenzayo nemikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuvikela idatha yokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ngokunamathela imikhuba engcono kakhulu ye-cybersecurity, izinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zinganciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa kwe-cyber futhi zivikele imininingwane yesiguli ekuweleni ezandleni ezingalungile.
Esikhathini lapho ubuchwepheshe nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kungenakuhlukaniswa, ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokuvikela idatha akukaze kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukubaluleka kokuvikela idatha yokunakekelwa kwezempilo
Imboni yokunakekelwa kwezempilo iphethe ulwazi olubalulekile, okuhlanganisa imininingwane yeziguli, umlando wezokwelapha, namarekhodi ezezimali. Lokhu kuyenza ibe umgomo okhangayo ezigebengwini zama-inthanethi ezifuna ukuxhaphaza le datha ukuze kuzuze imali noma ezinye izinjongo ezinonya. Imiphumela yokuphulwa kwedatha emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ingaba yingozi kubantu ngabanye nasezinhlanganweni.
Ukwephulwa kwedatha kungaholela ekwebiweni kobunikazi, ukukhwabanisa kwezezimali, kanye namarekhodi okwelashwa onakalisiwe. Ukwethenjwa kwesiguli kungashabalala, kulimaze isithunzi sabahlinzeki bezempilo futhi kuholele ekulahlekelweni kwebhizinisi. Umthwalo wezomnotho wokuphenya kanye nokulungisa ukwephulwa komthetho kanye nemiphumela engase ibe khona yezomthetho ingasibekela izinhlangano. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kuyisibopho esingokomthetho nesokuziphatha.
Izinhlobo Zezinsongo Ze-Cyber Embonini Yezokunakekelwa Kwezempilo
Imboni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo ibhekene nezinsongo ezahlukahlukene ze-inthanethi, ngayinye enezici ezihlukile nomthelela ongaba khona. Olunye uhlobo oluvamile lokuhlasela i-ransomware, lapho izigebengu zibethela idatha yenhlangano yezokunakekelwa kwempilo futhi zifune isihlengo ukuze zikhishwe. Lokhu kungakhubaza ukuhlinzwa futhi kubeke engcupheni ukunakekelwa kwesiguli.
Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, lapho abahlaseli basebenzisa ama-imeyili omgunyathi noma amawebhusayithi ukuze bakhohlise abasebenzi ukuthi baveze ulwazi olubucayi, nakho kwandile emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Lokhu kuhlasela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwenza kube nzima ngezisebenzi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuxhumana okusemthethweni nokunonya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele zibhekane nezinsongo zangaphakathi, lapho abasebenzi bebeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwedatha ngamabomu noma bengazi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokwabelana ngamaphasiwedi, ukufinyelela amarekhodi esiguli ngaphandle kokugunyazwa, noma ukuba yisisulu samaqhinga obunjiniyela bomphakathi.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi kwakamuva ezinhlanganweni zezempilo
Imboni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo ibone ukuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi okunezinga eliphezulu eminyakeni yamuva, okukhombisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sezinyathelo zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe. Isigameko esisodwa esiphawulekayo senzeka ngo-2017 lapho ukuhlasela kwe-WannaCry ransomware kuthinta izibhedlela emhlabeni wonke, kwaphazamisa ukunakekelwa kweziguli futhi kwagqamisa ukuba sengozini kwezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Ngo-2020, ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 lwaqhubeka lwabhebhethekisa indawo esongelayo, nezigebengu ze-inthanethi zisebenzisa isiphithiphithi kanye nokuphuthuma okuzungeze impendulo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Imikhankaso yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ezenza izinhlangano zezempilo nezinhlangano zikahulumeni yadlanga, idla abantu abafuna ulwazi noma usizo lwezezimali oluhlobene nalolu bhubhane.
Lezi zigameko zisebenza njengezikhumbuzo eziqinile zesidingo sezinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze kuvikelwe idatha ebucayi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi ngezikhathi zobunzima.
Imiphumela yokwephulwa kwedatha ekunakekelweni kwezempilo
Imiphumela yokwephulwa kwedatha embonini yezokunakekelwa kwezempilo inweba ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa kwezimali noma ukonakala kwesithunzi. Ukwethenjwa kwesiguli, okuyisisekelo somsebenzi wokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kungabukelwa phansi kakhulu. Lapho abantu benomuzwa wokuthi ulwazi lwabo lomuntu siqu aluvikelekile, bangase bangabaze ukufuna ukwelashwa noma ukwabelana ngolwazi olubucayi lwezempilo, okungase kubeke engcupheni inhlalakahle yabo.
Imiphumela engokomthetho yokuphulwa kwedatha nayo ingabaluleka. Izinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zingase zibhekane nezinhlawulo ezinkulu kanye namacala uma kutholakala ukuthi zephule imithetho yobumfihlo, efana ne-Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) e-United States. Umthwalo wezezimali wezindleko zomthetho kanye nezinkokhelo zesinxephezelo ungaba mkhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlanganweni ezincane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvela kokwephulwa kwedatha kungadlulela ohlelweni olubanzi lwezempilo. Amasistimu axhumene namanethiwekhi asho ukuthi ukwephulwa kwenhlangano eyodwa kungaba nomthelela omubi, okufaka engozini ukuphepha nobumfihlo bezinye izinhlangano ngaphakathi komkhakha wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Lokhu kugcizelela isidingo somzamo ohlangene wokulwa nezinsongo ze-inthanethi ekunakekelweni kwezempilo.
Izinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuvikela idatha yokunakekelwa kwezempilo
Izinhlangano kufanele zamukele indlela ebanzi nekhuthele ekuvikelekeni kwe-inthanethi ukuze kwehliswe ingcuphe yokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi futhi zivikele idatha ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukusebenzisa uhlaka oluqinile lwe-cybersecurity oluhlanganisa izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqwashisa abantu kubalulekile.
Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, izinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele zihlole ubungozi njalo ukuze zihlonze ubungozi futhi zibeke phambili imizamo yezokuphepha. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlola ukungena, ukuchibiyela ukuchayeka ngokushesha, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke ama-software namasistimu kusesikhathini samanje.
Ukubethela kungenye indlela ebalulekile yokuvikela idatha ebucayi. Ukubethela idatha lapho uphumule futhi usendleleni, ngisho noma iwela ezandleni ezingalungile, kuzoyenza ingafundeki futhi ingabi nalusizo kubahlaseli. Ukwengeza, ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kungangeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha, esidinga abasebenzisi ukuthi banikeze ngemininingwane eyengeziwe ngale kwamagama-mfihlo ukuze bafinyelele ulwazi olubucayi.
Ukusebenzisa uhlaka oluqinile lwe-cybersecurity
Uhlaka oluqinile lwe-cybersecurity kufanele lufake inhlanganisela yezilawuli zokuvimbela, zabaseshi, nezilungisayo. Izilawuli ezivimbelayo, njengezindonga zokuvikela kanye namasistimu okuthola ukungena, zisiza ukuvimba nokuhlunga izinsongo ezingaba khona. Izilawuli zabaseshi, ezifana nokuqapha ukuphepha nokuhlaziywa kwelogi, zikhomba futhi ziphendule izehlakalo zokuphepha zesikhathi sangempela. Ukulawula okulungile, njengezinhlelo zokubhekana nezigameko kanye nezinqubo zokubuyisela esimweni sezinhlekelele, kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlangano zinganciphisa ngempumelelo umthelela wokwephulwa komthetho futhi zilulame ngokushesha.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi okuvamile nakho kubalulekile ekuqiniseni isici somuntu sokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi. Abasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele bafundiswe ngezinsongo zakamuva, amasu obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, kanye nezindlela ezihamba phambili zokuziphatha okuphephile ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuqaphela ngokuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukulanda okunamathiselwe, usebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile nahlukile, kanye nokubika ngokushesha izehlakalo ezingaba zokuphepha.
Iqhaza lokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kwezokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Abasebenzi badlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukuvikeleka kwedatha yokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Kufanele baqaphele izibopho zabo kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yezenzo zabo. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziqhubekayo zingasiza abasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi bahlale benolwazi mayelana nesimo esishintshayo sosongo futhi bagxilise isiko lokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi kuyo yonke inhlangano.
Izinhlangano kufanele futhi zisungule izinqubomgomo nezinqubo ezicacile zokufinyelela nokuphathwa kwedatha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhawulela ukufinyelela olwazini olubucayi ngokwesisekelo sesidingo sokwazi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izisebenzi zifinyelela kuphela idatha edingekayo emisebenzini yazo ethile. Ukuhlola okuvamile nokuqapha kungasiza ekuboneni noma yikuphi ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma umsebenzi osolisayo.
Ikusasa lokuphepha kwe-inthanethi ekunakekelweni kwezempilo
Isimo sosongo sizoshintsha njengoba intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokuya kuncika ezinhlelweni zedijithali. Izinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele zihlale ziqaphile futhi zivumelanise izindlela zokuphepha ukuze zilwe nezinsongo ezivelayo.
Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) kanye nobuchwepheshe bokufunda komshini (ML) buthembisa ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lobu buchwepheshe bungahlaziya inani elikhulu ledatha, buhlonze amaphethini, futhi buthole okudidayo, buvumele izinhlangano ukuthi zithole futhi zisabele ezinsongweni ezingaba khona ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubambisana nokwabelana ngolwazi embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo kubalulekile ekulweni nokusongelwa nge-inthanethi. Ngokwabelana ngolwazi, ulwazi, kanye nemikhuba ehamba phambili, izinhlangano zingahlala ngaphambi kwamaqhinga athuthukayo futhi zivikele idatha yesiguli ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.
Isiphetho kanye nezinto ezibalulekile ongazithatha
Esikhathini lapho ubuchwepheshe nokunakekelwa kwezempilo kungenakuhlukaniswa, ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokuvikela idatha akukaze kubaluleke kakhulu. Imiphumela yokwephulwa kwedatha embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo ingaba nzima, ifake engozini ukwethembeka kwesiguli, ibe nokulahlekelwa kwezimali, futhi okungase kuholele ezindabeni zezomthetho.
By ukusebenzisa uhlaka oluphelele lwe-cybersecurity, izinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo inganciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa nge-inthanethi futhi ivikele idatha ebucayi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa izilawuli eziqinile zobuchwepheshe, ukwenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kobungozi, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kwabasebenzi. Ukubambisana embonini nokuhlala unolwazi mayelana nezinsongo ezivelayo kubalulekile ukuze uhlale uphambili kunezigebengu zama-inthanethi.
Lapho kubhekene nezinsongo ze-inthanethi, izinhlangano zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele zibeke phambili ukuphepha kwedatha yesiguli, ziqinisekise ukuthi ihlala iyimfihlo, ifinyeleleka kuphela kubantu abagunyaziwe, futhi ivikelekile kubenzi abanonya. Kuphela ngomzamo ohlangene lapho imboni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo ingakwazi ukulwa ngempumelelo nokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi futhi igcine ukwethenjwa nokuphepha kweziguli.
