Zitholele inani le ukuphepha kolwazi lwamabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza izinsongo ezihlukahlukene kudatha nokuthi zingavikelwa kanjani kuzo.
Ukuvikeleka kolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu manje kunangaphambili, njengoba amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye kufanele bavikele idatha yabo ezigebengwini ze-inthanethi ezifuna ukuyisebenzisela izinjongo ezimbi. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizohlola izinsongo ezilethwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zobugebengu bamakhompuyutha nokuthi ungayivikela kanjani idatha yakho kuzo.
Qonda izinsongo zokuvikeleka kwedatha.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda izinsongo ezihlukahlukene ekuvikelekeni kwedatha. Lolu lwazi lungasiza abantu ngabanye namabhizinisi ukuthi bahlole kahle ubungozi obulethwa amasistimu abo futhi bakhe amasu afanele okuvikela ulwazi lwabo. Izinsongo ezivamile ze-inthanethi zihlanganisa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, i-ransomware, abangaphakathi abanonya, nokuhlasela kwe-Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). Amabhizinisi kufanele alungele lezi zinsongo ukuze avikele amakhasimende awo kanye nedatha ekuntshontshweni noma ekulimaleni.
Yakha inqubomgomo ye-cybersecurity.
Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi ukuthi amabhizinisi nezinhlangano zakhe izinqubomgomo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Inqubomgomo yezokuphepha kufanele ifake lokhu okulandelayo:
- Imihlahlandlela yokusebenzisa i-inthanethi yabasebenzi.
- Imithetho yosonkontileka nabathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle.
- Izinqubomgomo zephasiwedi.
- Izinqubo zokugcinwa kwedatha.
- Imininingwane yokuxhumana yabasebenzi bezokuphepha.
Ukwamukela isethi ebanzi yamazinga kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yenkampani ivikelekile kubadlali abanonya.
Sebenzisa amaphrothokholi okuqinisekisa umsebenzisi.
Ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi kuyisici esibalulekile sokugcina idatha iphephile. Amasistimu amaningi okulawula ukufinyelela adinga abasebenzisi ukuthi bagunyaze ngaphambi kokufinyelela izinsiza zenethiwekhi noma ulwazi olubucayi. Kunezivumelwano ezimbalwa zokuqinisekisa izinhlangano ezingazisebenzisa ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi idatha yazo ivikelekile, njengokuqinisekisa kwezinto ezimbili, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric, nezitifiketi zedijithali. Ukusebenzisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuqinisekisa komsebenzisi ngendlela efanele kusiza ukuvimbela izigebengu ze-inthanethi ekutholeni ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumanethiwekhi nedatha ebucayi.
Bethela idatha ebucayi.
Ukubethela idatha ebucayi kungenye yezindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuyigcina iphephile. Ukubethela kwedatha kuxova idatha kufomethi engafundeki engasuswa ukubethela kuphela ngokhiye ovumelekile. Lokhu kuvimbela abalingisi abanonya ukuthi bangakwazi ukufinyelela ulwazi, ngisho noma bethola ukufinyelela ohlelweni ngokwalo. Isofthiwe yokubethela ingasiza futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuphephile ngamanethiwekhi, iqinisekise ukuthi noma iyiphi idatha eyimfihlo noma ebucayi ihlala ivikelekile ngesikhathi sokudlulisa.
Khetha imikhiqizo namasevisi alungile ukuze uvikele idatha yakho.
Izinyathelo zokuvikela kufanele zisetshenziswe kuwo wonke amazinga, kusukela kumadivayisi namanethiwekhi kuya ezinhlelweni zokusebenza. Ukuze ukhethe imikhiqizo efanele noma amasevisi okuvikela idatha, cabangela uhlobo lwedatha nokuthi kufanele ihambe ibanga elingakanani ngaphambi kokufinyelela lapho iya khona. Futhi, cabanga ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezinsongo okufanele uzivikele futhi uma kufanele kulandelwe imithetho yezomthetho noma yezimboni. Okokugcina, setha isabelomali sokulawula ukutshalwa kwezimali, njengoba singahluka kakhulu kuye ngezinga lephrofayili yakho yobungozi.
Ukwembula Inani Langempela Le Ukuvikeleka kolwazi eNkathini Yesimanje
Esimweni sanamuhla sedijithali esithuthuka ngokushesha, ukuphepha kolwazi sekubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Ngezinsongo eziqhubekayo zokuhlaselwa ngohleloxhumano ngesiqoqelalwazi, ukwephulwa kwedatha, kanye nokwebiwa kobunikazi, izinhlangano kanye nabantu ngabanye kudingeka baqonde ukubaluleka kwangempela ukuphepha kwemininingwane esikhathini samanje.
Lesi sihloko sizodingisisa ukubaluleka kokuvikela ulwazi olubucayi kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yokunganakwa ukuphepha kwemininingwane izinyathelo. Sizohlola izici ezihlukahlukene zokuvikeleka kolwazi, okuhlanganisa ukubethela, ukufakazela ubuqiniso, nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi, ukuze siqonde kabanzi isihloko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizogqamisa amathrendi nezindlela zakamuva ekuvikelekeni kolwazi, njengokutholwa kokusongelwa okusekelwe kubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukuhlola ukungena, nokuphathwa okuphephile kwedatha esekelwe emafini. Ngokuhlala zinolwazi ngalezi ntuthuko, izinhlangano zingazivikela kangcono ekusongelweni kwe-inthanethi futhi ziqinisekise ubuqotho nokugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwedatha yazo.
Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sethula ukubaluleka kwangempela kwakho ukuphepha kolwazi esikhathini samanje futhi uthole ukuthi kungavikela kanjani isithunzi senhlangano yakho, ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende, nokuzinza kwezezimali.
Izingozi zangempela zokungabi nazo ukuphepha kwemininingwane
Ezweni lanamuhla elixhumene kakhulu, ulwazi lungamandla. Izinhlangano zithembele kudatha eningi ukuze zisebenze kahle futhi zenze izinqumo ezinolwazi kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu noma imboni. Le datha ingasukela kulwazi lwekhasimende namarekhodi ezezimali kuye kumasu ebhizinisi lobunikazi kanye nezimfihlo zohwebo. Ukubaluleka kokuphepha kolwazi kusemandleni ayo okuvikela le datha ebalulekile ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukusetshenziswa, ukudalulwa, ukuphazamiseka, ukuguqulwa, noma ukonakaliswa.
Ukuvikeleka kolwazi kuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwedatha, ubuqotho, nokutholakala, okuhlinzeka ngesisekelo sokwethenjwa nokwethembeka kuyo yomibili imikhakha yomuntu siqu kanye neyomsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezifanele zokuvikela ulwazi, ulwazi olubucayi luba sengcupheni yokwebiwa, ukukhohliswa, noma ukusetshenziswa kabi, okuholela emiphumeleni enzima kubantu ngabanye nezinhlangano.
Ukuvikeleka kolwazi olwanele kuvikela idatha eyimfihlo futhi kuvikela isithunzi sezinhlangano nabantu ngabanye. Esikhathini lapho ukwephulwa kwedatha nokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kuba sematheni njalo, izinhlangano ezihlulekayo ukubeka phambili ubungozi bokuphepha kolwazi ezilahlekelwa ukwethenjwa nokuthenjwa kwamakhasimende azo, ozakwethu, nababambiqhaza. Ukulimala kwesithunzi sabo kungaba inselele ukulungisa futhi kungase kube nemiphumela ehlala njalo yezezimali.
Izinsongo ezijwayelekile ekuvikelekeni kolwazi
Imiphumela yokunganaki izinyathelo zokuphepha kolwazi ingaba mibi kakhulu futhi ihlukumeze kakhulu. Izinhlangano zizichaya ezingozini ezihlukahlukene kanye nokuba sengozini ngaphandle kwezivumelwano eziqinile zokuphepha zolwazi. Ake sihlole ezinye zezingozi zangempela zezinyathelo zokuphepha zolwazi olunganele.
1. Ukuphulwa Kwedatha: Enye yezingozi ezinkulu izinhlangano ezibhekana nazo amandla okuphulwa kwedatha. Ukuphulwa kwedatha kwenzeka lapho abantu abangagunyaziwe befinyelela olwazini oluyimfihlo, olufana nedatha yekhasimende, amarekhodi ezezimali, noma impahla yobuhlakani. Lokhu kwephulwa kwemithetho kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezomnotho, imiphumela yezomthetho, kanye nokulimala kwesithunzi.
2. Ukwebiwa Kobunikazi: Ukwebiwa kobunikazi kuwukukhathazeka okukhulayo enkathini yedijithali. Ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezifanele zokuphepha zolwazi, ulwazi lomuntu siqu nelezezimali lusengozini yokuntshontshwa, okuholela ezenzweni zokukhwabanisa, ukulahlekelwa yimali, kanye nokulimala kokufaneleka komuntu ngamunye kwekhredithi.
3. Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza: Ukuhlasela kwe-Cyber, njengokuhlasela kwe-Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhlangano, kwenze amasistimu abalulekile namanethiwekhi angafinyeleleki. Isikhathi sokuphumula esiwumphumela singaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezimali, ukwehla kokukhiqiza, kanye nokulimala ebuhlotsheni bamakhasimende.
4. Ukulahlekelwa Impahla Yengqondo: Impahla yengqondo ngokuvamile iyinzuzo ebalulekile yokuncintisana ezinhlanganweni. Ngaphandle kwezinyathelo zokuphepha zolwazi olwanele, impahla eqanjiwe ebalulekile, okuhlanganisa amalungelo obunikazi, izimpawu zokuhweba, nezimfihlo zohwebo, kungaba sengozini, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwesabelo semakethe kanye nokungabi namathuba okuncintisana.
5. Ukungathobeli Umthetho: Izimboni eziningi zinemithetho eqinile evikela idatha ebucayi. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela le mithetho kungaholela ezinhlawulweni ezinkulu, imiphumela yezomthetho, kanye nokulimala kwesithunzi.
Izindleko zokuphulwa kokuphepha kolwazi
Ukuqonda izinsongo ezivamile ekuvikelekeni kolwazi kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindlela zokuvikela ezisebenzayo. Ake sihlole ezinye zezinsongo ezivame kakhulu izinhlangano ezibhekene nazo namuhla.
1. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha: Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kafushane lusho isofthiwe eyingozi, ibhekisela kunoma iyiphi isofthiwe eklanyelwe ukulimaza noma ukuxhaphaza amasistimu ekhompyutha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amagciwane, izikelemu, ama-Trojan, i-ransomware, ne-spyware. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lungangena kumasistimu ngokunamathiselwe kwi-imeyili, amawebhusayithi anonya, noma isofthiwe eyonakele.
2. Ubugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kuhilela ukukhohlisa abantu ukuba baveze ulwazi olubucayi, olufana namagama-mfihlo noma imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu, ngokuzenza amabhizinisi athembekile. Lokhu kuhlasela kuvame ukwenzeka ngama-imeyili akhohlisayo, imilayezo esheshayo, noma amawebhusayithi mbumbulu.
3. Ubunjiniyela Bomphakathi: Ubunjiniyela bomphakathi bubandakanya ukukhohlisa abantu ukuthi badalule ulwazi olubucayi noma benze izenzo ezibeka engcupheni ukuphepha. Lokhu kungabandakanya amaqhinga anjengokuzenza ongeyena, ukuqamba amanga, noma ukuyenga.
4. Izinsongo zangaphakathi: Izinsongo zangaphakathi zibhekisela kubantu abathile ngaphakathi kwenhlangano abasebenzisa kabi amalungelo abo okufinyelela ukuze bafake engozini ukuphepha. Lokhu kungabandakanya abasebenzi, osonkontileka, noma ozakwethu abaputshuza ulwazi olubucayi ngamabomu noma bengahlosile noma abenza izenzo ezinonya.
5. I-Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs): Ama-APT ayinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlasela kwesikhathi eside ukuze kwebiwe ulwazi olubucayi noma impahla yobuhlakani. Lokhu kuhlasela kuvame ukwenziwa izigebengu ze-inthanethi ezixhaswe kahle nabanekhono eliphezulu abasebenzisa amasu athuthukile ukuze bahlale isikhathi eside bengabonwa.
Izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kolwazi
Umthelela wezezimali wokuphulwa kokuphepha kolwazi ungaba omangalisayo. Izinhlangano eziba yizisulu zokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi noma ukwephulwa kwedatha ngokuvamile zibhekana nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa:
1. Ukulahlekelwa Kwezimali Okuqondile: Ukulahlekelwa kwezimali okuqondile kufaka phakathi izindleko ezihlobene nokuphendula isigameko, ukulungiswa, izindleko zomthetho, izinhlawulo ezingokomthetho, kanye namacala angase abe khona. Lezi zindleko zingakhula ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ekwephulweni kwedatha okukhulu.
2. Ukulimala Kwesithunzi: Ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha kolwazi kungalimaza kakhulu isithunzi senhlangano, okuholela ekwehleni kokuthenjwa kwamakhasimende, ukulahlekelwa ngamathuba ebhizinisi, kanye nokuncipha kwenani lomkhiqizo. Ukwakha kabusha idumela elonakele kungase kube inqubo edla isikhathi futhi ebizayo.
3. Ukulahlekelwa Amakhasimende: Ngemva kokuphulwa kwedatha, amakhasimende angase alahlekelwe ukuthembela kukhono lenhlangano lokuvikela idatha yawo. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwamakhasimende kanye nokuncipha kwemali engenayo, kube nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwebhizinisi kwesikhathi eside.
4. Ukuphazamiseka Kokusebenza: Ukuhlasela kwe-Cyber kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhlangano, okuholela ekuphelelweni kwesikhathi, ukuncipha kokukhiqiza, nokulahlekelwa imali engenayo. Uma kuthatha isikhathi eside ukululama kusukela ekuhlaselweni, kuba mkhulu umthelela wezezimali.
5. Imiphumela Yezomthetho: Izinhlangano ezihlulekayo ukuvikela idatha ebucayi ngokuvamile zibhekana nemiphumela yezomthetho eyanele. Lokhu kungafaka izinhlawulo, izinhlawulo, kanye namacala okungenzeka avela kubantu abathintekayo noma izinhlangano ezilawulayo.
Kuyacaca ukuthi izindleko zokwephulwa kwezokuphepha kolwazi zidlula kude utshalomali oludingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha kolwazi. Izinhlangano kufanele zibeke phambili ukuphepha kolwazi ukuze zinciphise lezi zingozi futhi zivikele ukuzinza kwazo kwezezimali.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela ulwazi
Ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kolwazi kudinga indlela esebenzayo nenezendlalelo eziningi. Izinhlangano kufanele zenze izinyathelo zobuchwepheshe, zenqubo, nezemfundo ukuze zivikele idatha yazo. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kolwazi:
1. Ukuhlola Ubungozi: Yenza ukuhlolwa kwengozi okuphelele ukuze kutholwe ubungozi obungaba khona kanye nezinsongo. Lokhu kuhlola kufanele kucabangele izici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ezingase zibe nomthelela ekuvikelekeni kolwazi.
2. Sebenzisa Izinqubomgomo Zephasiwedi Eziqinile: Sebenzisa izinqubomgomo eziqinile zephasiwedi kuyo yonke inhlangano, ezidinga abasebenzi ukuthi basebenzise amagama ayimfihlo ayinkimbinkimbi futhi bawabuyekeze njalo. Ukwengeza, sebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi ukuze uthole ukuphepha okungeziwe.
3. Ukuqeqeshwa Nokuqwashisa Kwabasebenzi: Ukufundisa abasebenzi mayelana nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha kolwazi, okuhlanganisa indlela yokuhlonza nokubika okungase kube izinsongo zokuphepha, imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, nezindlela zobunjiniyela bomphakathi.
4. Ukubuyekezwa Okujwayelekile Kwesofthiwe Nokupeyishwa: Gcina yonke isofthiwe, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nezinhlelo zokusebenza kubuyekezwe ngeziqephu zokuphepha zakamuva. Abahlaseli bangasebenzisa ubungozi kusofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi.
5. Vikela Ingqalasizinda Yenethiwekhi: Sebenzisa izinqamuleli zomlilo, amasistimu okuthola ukungena, futhi uvikele amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi ukuze uvikele ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe nezinsongo zangaphandle.
6. Ukubethelwa Kwedatha: Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubethela ukuze uvikele idatha ebucayi ngenkathi igcinwa, idluliswa, futhi ifinyelelwa. Ukubethela kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe idatha ibanjwa, ihlala ingafundeki ngaphandle kokhiye bokukhipha ukubethela abafanelekile.
7. Izipele Ezivamile: Sebenzisa isu elivamile lokwenza isipele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idatha ebalulekile ivikelekile futhi ingabuyiselwa esimweni sokuphulwa noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu.
8. Uhlelo Lokuphendula Ngesigameko: Yenza uhlelo lokuphendula isigameko oluchaza izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe uma kwenzeka kwephulwa kwezokuphepha. Lolu hlelo kufanele lufake phakathi ukuvimbela, uphenyo, ukuxhumana, kanye nezinqubo zokubuyisela.
9. Ukuhlola Ukuvikeleka Kwenkampani Yangaphandle: Yenza ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuphepha kwabathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle nabahlinzeki besevisi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi bayahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha kolwazi lwenhlangano yakho.
10. Ukuqapha Nokuhlola Okuqhubekayo: Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha nokuhlola imisebenzi yenethiwekhi, ukufinyelela komsebenzisi, nokuphatha idatha ukuze kutholwe futhi kuphendule ngokushesha izehlakalo ezingaba khona zokuphepha.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, izinhlangano zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuma kwazo kokuphepha kolwazi futhi zinciphise ingcuphe yokuba yisisulu sokusatshiswa nge-inthanethi.
Iqhaza lokubethela ekuvikelekeni kolwazi
Ngokungeziwe ezinyathelweni ezingenhla, ukwamukela izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela ulwazi kungaqhubeka nokuqinisa ukuzivikela kwenhlangano ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Nazi izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Ilungelo Elincane: Nikeza abasebenzi ubuncane bokufinyelela obudingekayo ukuze benze imisebenzi yabo. Ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kudatha ebucayi kunciphisa ingcuphe yezinsongo zangaphakathi nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
2. Ukuhlola Okujwayelekile Kokuvikela: Yenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuba sengozini kanye nokuhlola ukungena ukuze kuhlonzwe futhi kulungiswe ubuthakathaka obungase bube khona kwezokuvikela ngaphambi kokubuxhaphaza.
3. Imikhuba Evikelekile Yokubhala Ikhodi: Qeqesha onjiniyela ngezinqubo zokufaka amakhodi ezivikelekile ukuze bavimbele ukuba sengozini okuvamile, okufana nomjovo we-SQL, umbhalo we-cross-site, kanye nokuchichima kwebhafa.
4. Ukuhlelwa Kwedatha: Hlela idatha ngokusekelwe ebucayini futhi usebenzise izilawuli ezifanele zokuphepha ngokufanele. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ithola izinga elilungile lokuvikelwa ngokusekelwe ekubalulekeni kwayo.
5. Ukuphathwa Kokucushwa Okuvikelekile: Gcina i-inventory yazo zonke izimpahla zehadiwe nesofthiwe futhi uqinisekise ukuthi zilungiselelwe ngokuvikelekile ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi.
6. Ukulahlwa Okuvikelekile Kwedatha: Sebenzisa izinqubo ezivikelekile zokulahla idatha ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ulwazi olubucayi lucekelwa phansi ngokufanelekile lapho lungasadingeki. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlwitha amadokhumenti aphathekayo noma ukusula ngokuphephile izisetshenziswa zesitoreji sedijithali.
7. Imfundo Nokuqeqeshwa Okuqhubekayo: Izinsongo zokuphepha kolwazi zihlala zivela, ngakho kubalulekile ukunikeza imfundo eqhubekayo nokuqeqeshwa kubasebenzi ukuze baziswe mayelana nezinsongo zakamuva nezindlela ezihamba phambili.
8. Ukucwaningwa Kwezokuphepha Okujwayelekile: Kwenziwa njalo ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha kwangaphakathi nangaphandle ukuze kuhlolwe ukuphumelela kokulawula ukuphepha kolwazi futhi kuhlonzwe izindawo okufanele zenziwe ngcono.
Ngokwamukela lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili, izinhlangano zingakha isisekelo esiqinile sokuvikela ulwazi futhi zinciphise ubungozi bokuphulwa kwezokuphepha.
Umthelela wokuphepha kolwazi emabhizinisini
Ukubethela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikelekeni kolwazi ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ihlala ingafundeki kubantu abangagunyaziwe. Kuhilela ukuguqula idatha yombhalo osobala ibe umbhalo we-cipher, ongasuswa ukubethela kuphela ngokhiye wokubethela ofanele. Ukubethela kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zokuvikela ulwazi:
1. Ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo: Ukubethela kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho noma idatha ibanjwa noma ifinyelelwa abantu abangagunyaziwe, ihlala ingafundeki ngaphandle kokhiye wokukhipha ukubethela. Lokhu kuvikela ulwazi olubucayi ukuthi lungavezwa.
2. Ubuqotho: Ukubethela kungasetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bedatha. Ngokubhala ngekhodi idatha kanye nokugcina inani le-hashi elihambisanayo, izinhlangano zingaqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ayizange iphazanyiswe phakathi nokudlulisa noma ukugcinwa.
3. Ukufakazela ubuqiniso: Ukubethela kungasetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuqinisekisa, okuvumela abantu ngabanye noma amasistimu ukuthi aqinisekise ubunikazi bomthumeli noma umamukeli wedatha ebethelwe.
4. Ukuthobelana: Izimboni eziningi nezinhlaka zokulawula zidinga ukubethelwa kwedatha ebucayi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthobelana nokuvikelwa kwedatha nemithethonqubo yobumfihlo.
Ukubethela kungasetshenziswa kumaleveli ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa idatha ekuphumuleni, kwezokuthutha, nasekusetshenzisweni. Ngokusebenzisa ama-algorithms okubethela aqinile kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha ezibalulekile, izinhlangano zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuvikeleka kwedatha yazo ebucayi.
Ikusasa lokuphepha kolwazi
Ukuphepha kolwazi kunomthelela omkhulu kumabhizinisi kuzo zonke izimboni. Nazi ezinye izindlela lapho ukuphepha kolwazi kunomthelela ngokuqondile ekusebenzeni nempumelelo yebhizinisi:
1. Ukuvikelwa Kwempahla Ehlakaniphile: Izinyathelo zokuphepha kolwazi zivikela impahla eqanjiwe ebalulekile, ziqinisekisa ukuthi izimfihlo zohwebo, amalungelo obunikazi, namasu ebhizinisi lobunikazi kuhlala kuyimfihlo. Lokhu kuvikela inzuzo yokuncintisana yenhlangano kanye nesimo semakethe.
2. Ukwethenjwa Nokwethembeka Kwekhasimende: Izinyathelo zokuphepha zolwazi ezisebenzayo zakha ukwethenjwa nokwethembeka kwamakhasimende. Uma amakhasimende ezwa ukuthi idatha yawo ivikelekile, maningi amathuba okuthi ahlanganyele nenhlangano, athenge, futhi abe abameli abathembekile.
3. Ukuthobela Imithethonqubo: Ukuvikeleka kolwazi kuhlobene eduze nokuhambisana nemithetho. Izinhlangano ezihlulekayo ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha zolwazi olwanele zingase zibhekane nemiphumela yezomthetho, okuhlanganisa izinhlawulo, izinhlawulo, nokulimala kwesithunzi sazo.
4. Ukuqhubeka Kwebhizinisi: Ukuvikeleka kolwazi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi. Ngokuvikela amasistimu nedatha ekuhlaselweni ku-inthanethi, izinhlangano zinganciphisa ubungozi bokungasebenzi, ukulahleka kwedatha, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza.
5. Inzuzo Yokuncintisana: Izinhlangano ezibeka phambili ukuphepha kolwazi zithola inzuzo yokuncintisana emakethe. Amakhasimende nozakwethu kungenzeka bathembe futhi basebenzisane nezinhlangano ezizinikele ekuvikeleni idatha ebucayi.
6. Ukulawulwa Kwengozi: Ukuvikeleka kolwazi kubalulekile ekulawuleni ubungozi. Izinhlangano zinganciphisa ukungenzeka kanye nomthelela wokwephulwa kwezokuphepha ngokuhlonza nokunciphisa izinsongo zokuphepha ezingaba khona.
7. Ukonga Izindleko: Nakuba ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha zolwazi oluqinile kubangela ukutshalwa kwezimali, kungaholela ekongeni kwezindleko ezibalulekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umthelela wezezimali wokuphulwa kwedatha noma ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi ungaba phezulu kakhulu kunezindleko zokuvimbela.
Ukuphepha kolwazi akukhona nje ukukhathazeka kwezobuchwepheshe kodwa kuyisibopho esibalulekile sebhizinisi. Izinhlangano ezibeka phambili ukuphepha kolwazi zizibeka empumelelweni yesikhathi eside, ukuqina, nokukhula.
Isiphetho: Ukutshala imali ekuvikelekeni kolwazi kubalulekile ukuze uvikele idatha yakho
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, kanjalo nezinsongo ekuvikelekeni kolwazi. Ukuze zihlale ngaphambi kobugebengu bamakhompuyutha, izinhlangano kufanele zamukele amathrendi asafufusa kanye nobuchwepheshe. Nazi ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile ezakha ikusasa lokuphepha kolwazi:
1. I-Artificial Intelligence (AI) kanye Nokufunda Ngomshini: I-AI nokufunda komshini kunamandla okuguqula ukuphepha kolwazi. Lobu buchwepheshe bungahlaziya inani elikhulu ledatha ngesikhathi sangempela, buhlonze amaphethini, futhi buthole okudidayo okubonisa izinsongo ezingaba khona.
2. Ukuvikeleka Kwamafu: Ngokukhula kokwamukelwa kwekhompuyutha yamafu, ukuvikela idatha nezinsizakalo ezisekelwe emafini kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinhlangano kufanele ziqinisekise izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele ukuze zivikele idatha egcinwe emafini.
3. Ukuphepha Kwe-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT): Ukwanda kwamadivayisi e-IoT kuveza izinselele ezintsha zokuvikela ulwazi. Izinhlangano kufanele zivikele amadivayisi axhumene namanethiwekhi ukuze zivikele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma ebucayini.
4. Ukuqinisekiswa Kwebhayomethrikhi: Ukuqinisekiswa kwebhayomethrikhi, okufana nezigxivizo zeminwe noma ukubonwa kobuso, kunikeza indlela evikeleke kakhulu futhi elula yokuqinisekisa ubunikazi bomsebenzisi. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buthuthuka, cishe buzovame kakhulu ezinkambisweni zokuphepha zolwazi.
5. Ubumfihlo Ngokuklama: Ubumfihlo ngokuklama kuyindlela ehlanganisa ubumfihlo nokuvikelwa kwedatha ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni
