Hlala ngaphambi kwezinsongo ezinonya futhi uvikele idatha yakho ngamasevisi ezokuphepha e-IT. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinzuzo zayo nokuthi zingalisiza kanjani ibhizinisi lakho.
Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT ziyinsiza eyigugu yamabhizinisi nezinhlangano ezifuna ukuvikela idatha yazo, amasistimu, namanethiwekhi ezinsongweni ezinonya. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukubuka konke kwezinzuzo zalawa masevisi kanye nolwazi lokuthi angasiza kanjani inhlangano yakho ukuthi ihlale iphephile.
Yiziphi Izinzuzo Zokuphepha kwe-IT?
Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zinikeza uhla lwezinzuzo ukusiza ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho noma inhlangano ekuhlaselweni okunonya. Lawa masevisi aqapha futhi abone amaphethini angajwayelekile, imisebenzi esolisayo, nokugxambukela kumasistimu akho. Ukwengeza, zingakusiza futhi uqinisekise ukuthi idatha yakho igcinwa ngokuphephile. Zivikela kumagciwane, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, iTrojan, ne-ransomware, kanye nokusiza ekuvikeleni izinqamuleli zomlilo nokubethela idatha ukuze kwehliswe ingcuphe yokwephulwa komthetho.
Yini Engakusiza Ubuchwepheshe Ekuvikeleni Ezinsongweni Ezinonya?
Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zingasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene ukuvikela izinhlangano ezinsongweni ezinonya. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izindonga zokuvikela, amasistimu okuthola ukungena kokungena, i-sandboxing, izinkundla zobuhlakani ezisongelayo, nezinye izindlela zokuphepha ezifana nesoftware yokuvikela amagciwane kanye nokuvumela ukufakwa kuhlu. Ukwengeza, lawa masevisi ngokuvamile ahilela ukuhlola okuvamile okuzozisiza ukuthi zihlole ubungozi obaziwayo futhi zibuyekeze izilungiselelo ukuze kugcinwe idatha yakho iphephile.
Ukuvimbela Ukulahleka Kwedatha Kungasiza Kanjani Ukuvikela Ibhizinisi Lakho?
Ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwedatha (DLP) kubalulekile ezinsizeni zokuphepha ze-IT. Kuyasiza ukwehlisa ingcuphe yokukhishwa kwedatha ngephutha noma ngenhloso futhi kusiza ukuvikela ulwazi lwebhizinisi oluyimfihlo nolubucayi. I-DLP ingasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ukusiza ukuthola umsebenzi osolisayo futhi ikuxwayise uma kwenzeka. Ukwengeza, izixazululo eziningi ze-DLP zilungiswa ngezici ezivelele zokubika ezivumela amaqembu e-IT ukuthi abuke idatha yesigameko nezinsongo ezingaba khona endaweni eyodwa, okwenza kube lula ukuhlela amasu okuphepha asebenzayo njengoba sithuthuka.
I-Endpoint Protection Ikusiza Kanjani Ukugcina Inethiwekhi Yakho Ivikelekile?
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Endpoint kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesu lokuphepha le-IT lilonke. Ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi isofthiwe ekhethekile engaqapha idatha kudivayisi yeklayenti futhi isize ukuvikela ezinsongweni ezinonya, amagciwane, nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Izinsizakalo zokuvikela i-Endpoint ziphinde zinikeze 'ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela,' okuzokwazisa uma kwenziwa noma yimiphi imizamo yokulungisa noma yokususa amafayela agcinwe ohlelweni lweklayenti, okukuvumela ukuthi uphendule ngokushesha futhi uvikele izimpahla zakho ezibalulekile. Ukwengeza, kungaba yingxenye yohlelo oluphelele lokuphendula isigameko ukuze kulawuleke kahle noma yiziphi izigameko ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kokuthi zibe izinsongo ezinkulu.
Izinsizakalo Zokuphepha Zenethiwekhi Zingayinciphisa Kanjani Ingozi Yokufinyelela Okungagunyaziwe?
Izinsizakalo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi zingasiza ukuvikela ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe kudatha ebucayi noma ingqalasizinda yesistimu. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini lapho ukuhlasela kwamakhompuyutha nokungena okunonya, njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nezezimali, kuya kuvame kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa izinsizakalo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi, amabhizinisi anganciphisa amathuba awo okuba izisulu zokuhlaselwa noma ukuphulwa kwedatha. Izindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa ama-firewall, amasistimu okubona intrusion (IDS), isitoreji sefayela esibethelwe, kanye nezivumelwano zokuqinisekisa umsebenzisi. Lawa masu asebenza ndawonye ukusiza ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe ezinsizeni ze-IT zenkampani.
Ukuvikela Ibhizinisi Lakho: Izinsiza Zezokuphepha ze-IT zingakuzuzisa kanjani
Kusimo sedijithali sanamuhla, amabhizinisi asengozini kakhulu kunangaphambili ekusongelweni nasekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, kubalulekile ukuthi izinkampani zibeke phambili ukuphepha kwazo kwe-IT ukuze zivikele izimpahla zazo ezibalulekile nolwazi olubucayi. Yilapho izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zingenza khona umehluko omkhulu.
Ngobuchwepheshe obukhula njalo babagebengu kanye nokwephulwa kwedatha, ukutshala imali ezinsizeni zokuphepha ze-IT ezichwepheshile akusakhethwa kodwa kuyadingeka. Amabhizinisi angaqinisekisa ubuqotho bedatha yawo nezinhlelo, ubumfihlo, nokutholakala ngobudlelwano nomhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuphepha we-IT othembekile.
Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zihlanganisa izixazululo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuphathwa kwe-firewall, ukuqapha inethiwekhi, ukuhlolwa kokuba sengozini, kanye nokuphendula kwesigameko. Lawa masevisi aklanyelwe ukukhomba ubungozi, ukubona nokuvimbela izinsongo, futhi aphendule ngempumelelo uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa.
Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe nezinsiza zochwepheshe bezokuphepha be-IT, amabhizinisi angajabulela izinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuvikeleka kwedatha okuthuthukisiwe, ukuthobela imithetho okuthuthukisiwe, ukukhiqiza okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nesithunzi esiqinisiwe.
Lesi sihloko sizohlola ukuthi izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zingalivikela kanjani ibhizinisi lakho, izinzuzo zazo ezibalulekile, nokuthi kungani ukubambisana nomhlinzeki ohlonishwayo kubalulekile esikhathini samanje sedijithali.
Ukubaluleka kokuphepha kwe-IT kumabhizinisi
Ngobuchwepheshe obukhula njalo babagebengu kanye nokwephulwa kwedatha, ukutshala imali ezinsizeni zokuphepha ze-IT ezichwepheshile akusakhethwa kodwa kuyadingeka. Izigebengu ze-Cybercriminal zihlala zithuthukisa amasu amasha okuxhaphaza inethiwekhi yebhizinisi kanye nobungozi besistimu. Ukuhlasela okukodwa okuphumelelayo kungaholela emiphumeleni elimazayo, ehlanganisa ukulahlekelwa ngokwezimali, ukonakala kwesithunzi, nemithelela yezomthetho.
Isigaba 1: Amabhizinisi kufanele aqonde ukubaluleka kokuvikeleka kwe-IT futhi athathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze avikele ukusebenza kwawo. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha eziqinile, amabhizinisi anganciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bokusongelwa nge-inthanethi futhi avikele idatha yawo ebucayi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinkampanini eziphethe ulwazi lwekhasimende, amarekhodi ezezimali, noma impahla yobuhlakani.
Isigaba 2: Ukuvikeleka kwe-IT kuvikela ezinsongweni zangaphandle kanye nonogada ngokumelene nokuba sengozini kwangaphakathi. Abasebenzi bangakwazi ukufaka engozini ukuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zenkampani ngokungaziphathi kahle, ngokuchofoza ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, noma ngokuvakashela amawebhusayithi angavikelekile. Ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-IT eziphelele, amabhizinisi anganciphisa ubungozi bezinsongo zangaphandle nezangaphakathi.
Isigaba sesi-3: Ukwengeza, ukuphepha kwe-IT kubalulekile ekugcineni ukuthobela imithetho. Izimboni eziningi, njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nezezimali, zinemithetho eqinile yokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo nobumfihlo bedatha yekhasimende. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela le mithetho kungaholela ezijezisweni ezinzima kanye nemiphumela yezomthetho. Ngokutshala imali ezinsizeni zokuphepha ze-IT, amabhizinisi angaqinisekisa ukuthi ahlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zokuthobela futhi agweme izinkinga ezingokomthetho ezingaba khona.
Izinsongo ezijwayelekile ze-inthanethi amabhizinisi abhekana nazo
I-digital landscape igcwele izinhlobo ezahlukene zokusabisa nge-inthanethi ezingafaka engozini ukuphepha kwebhizinisi. Ukuqonda lezi zinsongo kubalulekile ukuze izinkampani zizivikele ngempumelelo ekuhlaselweni.
Isigaba 1: Okunye okuvame kakhulu ukwesabisa amabhizinisi ku-inthanethi ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi buhilela ukusebenzisa ama-imeyili omkokotelo, imilayezo, noma amawebhusayithi ukukhohlisa abantu ukuze banikeze ulwazi olubucayi olufana nemininingwane yokungena ngemvume noma imininingwane yezezimali. Lokhu kuhlasela kungaholela ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe ezinhlelweni zebhizinisi noma ekwebiweni kwedatha ebalulekile.
Isigaba 2: Olunye usongo oluvamile i-ransomware, uhlobo lohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha olubethela idatha yebhizinisi futhi lufune isihlengo ukuze lukhishwe. Ukuhlaselwa kweRansomware kungakhubaza ukusebenza kwebhizinisi futhi kuphumele ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezimali, ikakhulukazi uma izipele zingenziwa njalo.
Isigaba 3: Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) kuwusongo lwebhizinisi olujwayelekile. Lokhu kuhlasela kweqa iwebhusayithi noma inethiwekhi enethrafikhi, okwenza ingafinyeleleki kubasebenzisi abasemthethweni. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS kungaholela ekulahlekeni kwemali engenayo, ukulimala kwesithunzi sebhizinisi, nokuphazamiseka kwezinsizakalo ezibalulekile.
Izinzuzo zezinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT
Ukutshala imali ezinsizeni zokuphepha ze-IT ezichwepheshile kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi emabhizinisini, ukuwasiza ekwehliseni ubungozi futhi avikele izimpahla zawo ezibalulekile.
Isigaba 1: Ukuvikelwa Kwedatha Okuthuthukisiwe: Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zinikeza amabhizinisi izinyathelo eziqinile zokuvikela idatha yawo ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo, ubuqotho, nokutholakala kolwazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusebenzisa izilawuli eziqinile zokufinyelela, amasu okubhala ngemfihlo, nezixazululo eziyisipele ezivikelekile.
Isigaba sesi-2: Ukuthobela Umthetho Okuthuthukisiwe: Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zisiza amabhizinisi ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokulawula ngokusebenzisa izilawuli ezidingekayo nezivikelo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yekhasimende ebucayi iphathwa ngokuphephile, kunciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela yezomthetho nezijeziso.
Isigaba sesi-3: Ukukhiqiza Okuthuthukile: Izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-IT ezisebenzayo zinganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphumula esibangelwa ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu. Ngokunciphisa iziphazamiso, amabhizinisi angagcina amazinga okukhiqiza futhi agweme ukulahlekelwa kwezimali okuhambisana nesikhathi sokungasebenzi.
Izinhlobo zezinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT ezitholakalayo
Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zihlanganisa izixazululo eziklanyelwe ukuvikela amabhizinisi ezinsongweni eziningi kanye nokuba sengozini.
Isigaba 1: Ukuphathwa kwe-Firewall: I-firewall iyisithiyo phakathi kwamanethiwekhi angaphakathi nangaphandle ebhizinisi, ukuqapha nokulawula ithrafikhi engenayo naphumayo. Amasevisi okuphatha ama-firewall asiza izinkampani ukuthi zilungise futhi zinakekele izindonga zokuvikela ukuvikela amasistimu azo ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe.
Isigaba 2: Ukuqapha Inethiwekhi: Amasevisi okuqapha inethiwekhi ahlala eqapha inethiwekhi yebhizinisi kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi osolisayo, okuvumela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokusabela ekwephulweni kwezokuphepha okungaba khona. Lokhu kusiza izinkampani ukuthi zibone futhi zibhekane nokukhubazeka ngaphambi kokuba izigebengu ze-inthanethi zizixhaphaze.
Isigaba 3: Ukuhlolwa Kokuba sengcupheni: Lezi zinsizakalo zibandakanya ukuhlola njalo amasistimu namanethiwekhi ebhizinisi ukuze kutholakale ubungozi obungaba khona. Ngokubhekana nalobu buthakathaka ngokuqhubekayo, izinkampani zingaqinisa ukuma kwazo kwezokuphepha futhi zinciphise ubungozi bokuhlaselwa okuyimpumelelo.
Ukukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuphepha we-IT olungile
Ukukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuphepha ye-IT ofanele kubalulekile kumabhizinisi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwezinyathelo zabo zokuphepha.
Isigaba 1: Idumela Nokuhlangenwe nakho: Bheka umhlinzeki onomlando oqinisekisiwe kanye nolwazi oluningi embonini yezokuphepha ye-IT. Umhlinzeki ohloniphekile kufanele abe nephothifoliyo eqinile yamakhasimende anelisekile kanye nethimba lochwepheshe abanamakhono.
Isigaba 2: Amasevisi Aphelele: Khetha umhlinzeki ohlinzeka ngobubanzi obuphelele bezinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT ezihambisana nezidingo zebhizinisi lakho. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izici zokuvikeleka kwakho ziyabhekwa, kunciphisa ubungozi banoma yiziphi izikhala ekuvikelweni.
Isigaba 3: Indlela Esebenzayo: Bheka umhlinzeki othatha indlela esheshayo ekuvikelekeni kwe-IT, eqapha ngokuqhubekayo futhi ebuyekeza izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze ahlale ngaphambi kwezinsongo ezivelayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho livikelekile ezinsongweni zakamuva ze-inthanethi.
Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-IT ebhizinisini lakho
Isigaba 1: Ukuhlola Ubungozi: Yenza uhlolo olunzulu lwengozi ukuze kuhlonzwe ubungozi obungase bube khona futhi ubeke phambili imizamo yokuvikela. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola izimpahla zebhizinisi lakho, amasistimu, nezinqubo kanye nokuhlonza izinsongo ezingaba khona kanye nomthelela wazo ongaba khona.
Isigaba sesi-2: Izinqubomgomo Nezinqubo Zokuvikela: Sungula izinqubomgomo zokuphepha ezicacile nezinqubo eziveza ukusetshenziswa okwamukelekayo, ukuphathwa kwephasiwedi, ukuphatha idatha, kanye nezivumelwano zokuphendula izigameko. Buyekeza njalo futhi ubuyekeze lezi zinqubomgomo ukuze ubonise izinguquko ezidingekayo zokuphepha nezinsongo ezivelayo.
Isigaba 3: Ukuqeqeshwa Nokuqwashisa Kwabasebenzi: Nikeza ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele mayelana nezinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuphepha kwe-IT, okuhlanganisa ukuhlonza nokubika izinsongo zokuphepha ezingaba khona. Gxilisa njalo ukuqwashisa ngezokuphepha ngokuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana.
Imikhuba emihle yokuphepha kwe-IT
Ukulandela izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu kubalulekile ukuze amabhizinisi alondoloze ukuma okuqinile kokuphepha kwe-IT.
Isigaba 1: Ukubuyekezwa Okujwayelekile Nokupeyishwa: Hlala ubuyekeza futhi unamathisele wonke ama-software, amasistimu wokusebenza, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ukubhekana nobungozi obaziwayo. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zivame ukuxhaphaza isofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi ukuze zithole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumasistimu.
Isigaba sesi-2: Ukuphathwa Kwephasiwedi Okuqinile: Sebenzisa izinqubomgomo eziqinile zamaphasiwedi futhi ukhuthaze abasebenzi ukuthi basebenzise amaphasiwedi ayinkimbinkimbi, ahlukile. Cabangela ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi ukuze uthole isendlalelo esingeziwe sokuvikela.
Isigaba sesi-3: Izipele Ezivamile: Yenza izipele ezivamile zedatha ebucayi nezinhlelo ukuze uqinisekise ukululama okusheshayo ngesikhathi sokuhlasela ku-inthanethi noma ukwehluleka kohlelo. Hlola izipele njalo ukuze uqinisekise ubuqotho nokusebenza kwazo.
Izibonelo: Izinsiza zokuphepha ze-IT zisize kanjani amabhizinisi
Izibonelo zomhlaba wangempela zigqamisa izinzuzo ezibonakalayo amabhizinisi azitholile ngokutshala imali kumasevisi okuphepha e-IT.
Isigaba 1: Inkampani A, ibhizinisi le-e-commerce eliphakathi nendawo, ihlaselwe yi-ransomware ebethelwe imininingwane egciniwe yamakhasimende ayo. Ngenxa yomhlinzeki wabo wesevisi yezokuphepha we-IT, bakwazi ukubuyisela ngokushesha idatha yabo kumakhophi avikelekile, banciphise isikhathi sokuphumula, futhi bagweme ukukhokhwa kwesihlengo esikhulu.
Isigaba 2: Inkampani B, isikhungo sezezimali, esisebenzisana nomhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuphepha we-IT ukuze kusetshenziswe izilawuli eziqinile zokufinyelela nezindlela zokubethela. Ngenxa yalokho, babhuntshise ngempumelelo imizamo eminingi yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, bavimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kulwazi lwekhasimende olubucayi.
Isigaba 3: Inkampani C, inhlangano yokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ibhekane nenselelo yokuthobela imithetho eqinile yokuvikela idatha. Ngokusebenzisana nomhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuphepha ye-IT, bangasebenzisa ukuvikela okudingekayo, baqinisekise ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo nobuqotho bamarekhodi esiguli kanye nokugwema imiphumela engase ibe khona yezomthetho.
Ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko zezinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT
Nakuba izindleko zezinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zihluka kuye ngobubanzi nobunkimbinkimbi bezidingo zebhizinisi, ukutshalwa kwezimali kubalulekile ukuze kuphumelele ibhizinisi lesikhathi eside.
Isigaba 1: Izindleko Zokuphulwa: Umthelela wezezimali kanye nesithunzi sokuhlasela okuphumelelayo ku-inthanethi ungadlula kude izindleko zokuqalisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-IT eziqinile. Amabhizinisi kufanele acabangele izindleko ezingaba khona zokuphulwa komthetho lapho ehlola ukufinyeleleka kwezinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT.
Isigaba sesi-2: Ukuqina: Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT zingalungiswa ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zebhizinisi, okuvumela ukuqina njengoba ibhizinisi likhula. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkampani zikhokhela kuphela izinsizakalo ezizidingayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Isigaba sesi-3: I-ROI: Ukutshala izimali kumasevisi okuvikela e-IT kunganikeza imbuyiselo ebalulekile ekutshalweni kwezimali ngokunciphisa ubungozi bokuphulwa kwezokuphepha okubizayo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, nokuvikela izimpahla ezibalulekile nedatha yekhasimende.
Isiphetho: Ukutshala imali ekuvikelekeni kwe-IT ukuze kuphumelele ibhizinisi lesikhathi eside
Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, amabhizinisi awakwazi ukukushalazela ukubaluleka kokuphepha kwe-IT. Isimo sosongo se-inthanethi esihlala sishintsha sidinga ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ukuze kuvikelwe izimpahla ezibalulekile nolwazi olubucayi. Ngokubambisana nomhlinzeki wesevisi yezokuphepha we-IT ohlonishwayo, amabhizinisi angakwazi ukuvikela ukusebenza kwawo, athuthukise ukuvikelwa kwedatha, athuthukise ukuthobela imithetho, akhulise ukukhiqiza, futhi aqinise isithunzi sawo sonke. Ukutshala imali ezinsizeni zokuphepha ze-IT kuwukutshalwa kwezimali ekuphumeleleni kwebhizinisi lesikhathi eside.
