Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukubaluleka kokuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kuba bucayi kakhulu. Ukuvikela impahla yakho yedijithali, kusukela kudatha yomuntu siqu kuye olwazini lwebhizinisi olubucayi, kubalulekile kule nkathi yedijithali yanamuhla. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizohlola ukubaluleka kokuphepha kwe-IT futhi sinikeze ngamathiphu okugcina idatha yakho iphephile.
Iyini i-Information Technology Security?
I-Information Technology Security, noma i-Cybersecurity, ivikela ulwazi lwedijithali ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ekuntshontshweni, noma ekulimaleni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuvikela ulwazi lomuntu siqu kanye nolwazi olubucayi, olufana nedatha yezezimali, amarekhodi ezokwelapha, kanye nempahla yobuhlakani. Izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-IT zifaka izindonga zomlilo, isofthiwe ye-antivirus, ukubethela, nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi ngemikhuba ephephile ye-inthanethi. Ngenani elikhulayo ledatha egcinwayo nokwabelwana ngayo ku-inthanethi, ukuphepha kwe-IT kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili ukuze kuvikelwe ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi nokuphulwa kwedatha.
Izingozi Zokuhlasela Kwe-Cyber kanye Nokwephulwa Kwedatha.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cyber kanye nokwephulwa kwedatha kungase kuthinte kabi abantu ngabanye namabhizinisi. Ulwazi lomuntu siqu lungantshontshwa futhi lusetshenziselwe ukweba ubunikazi, ukukhwabanisa kwezezimali, noma ezinye izinjongo ezinonya. Izinkampani zingalahlekelwa umnotho, zilimale isithunzi sazo, nemiphumela yezomthetho. Ukuhlasela kwe-Cyber ngezinye izikhathi kungaphazamisa ingqalasizinda ebalulekile, njengamagridi kagesi noma izinhlelo zokuhamba. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ukuphepha kwe-IT njengento ebalulekile futhi usebenzise izinyathelo zokuvikela lezi zingozi.
Ukubaluleka Kwamagama Ayimfihlo Aqinile Nokuqinisekiswa Kwezinto Eziningi.
Enye yezindlela eziyisisekelo nezisebenzayo zokuvikela idatha yakho ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile kanye nokuqinisekisa ngezinto eziningi. Iphasiwedi eqinile kufanele okungenani ibe nezinhlamvu eziyi-12 ubude futhi ifake ingxube yezinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo, nezimpawu. Gwema ukusebenzisa ulwazi oluqageleka kalula, njengegama lakho noma usuku lokuzalwa. Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha ngokudinga uhlobo lwesibili lokuhlonza, njengesigxivizo somunwe noma ikhodi ethunyelwe ocingweni lwakho kanye nephasiwedi yakho. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi izigebengu ze-inthanethi zifinyelele ama-akhawunti akho, ngisho noma zikwazi ukuqagela iphasiwedi yakho.
Iqhaza Lokubethela Ekuvikeleni Idatha.
Ukubethela kuyithuluzi elibalulekile ekuvikeleni idatha ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Kubandakanya ukuguqula idatha ibe ikhodi engacaciswa kuphela ngokhiye othile noma iphasiwedi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe isigebengu se-inthanethi sizuza ukufinyelela kudatha ebethelwe, ngeke sikwazi ukuyifunda ngaphandle kokhiye. Ukubethela kusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi, kusukela ekutholeni ukuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi kuya ekuvikeleni idatha kahulumeni ebucayi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi noma iyiphi idatha ebucayi oyigcinayo noma oyithumelayo ibethelwe ngokwanele ukuze uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokuvikeleka kwe-IT, okuhlanganisa Izibuyekezo Ezivamile Nokuqeqeshwa Kwabasebenzi.
Ngokungeziwe ekubetheleni, izinqubo ezimbalwa ezihamba phambili zingasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zakho zobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Izibuyekezo ezivamile zesofthiwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zingasiza ukuvala ubungozi futhi kuvimbele ukuhlaselwa. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi nakho kubalulekile, njengoba ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha okuningi kubangelwa amaphutha abantu, njengokuchofoza i-imeyili yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi noma ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo abuthakathaka. Ukusebenzisa lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili kungasiza ukuvikela idatha yakho futhi kuvimbele ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha okumba eqolo.
Amandla Okuvikela: Ukusebenzisa Ukubaluleka Kokuphepha Kobuchwepheshe Bolwazi Ebhizinisini Lakho
Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, ukuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili kumabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi. Ukwethembela okwandayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi kwenze kwaphoqa ukuthi izinkampani zibeke eqhulwini ukuvikela idatha yazo ebucayi.
Faka amandla okuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Ngezixazululo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye namasu aphelele, amabhizinisi angavikela amanethiwekhi awo, amasistimu, kanye nolwazi olubalulekile ekuphuleni okungase kube khona nokuhlaselwa.
Kodwa yini ngempela ukubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi ebhizinisini lakho? Ngaphandle kokuvikela idatha yakho, kukhulisa ukuzethemba kwamakhasimende, kuthuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo wakho, futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho yemboni. Kuphinde kunciphise ubungozi bokuphulwa kwedatha okubizayo, isikhathi sokuphumula, nokulahlekelwa kwezimali.
Ngokusebenzisa amandla okuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi, amabhizinisi anganciphisa ubungozi futhi azuze umkhawulo wokuncintisana emakethe. Lesi sihloko sizojula ngokubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuthi kungasiza kanjani ibhizinisi lakho ukuthi liphumelele endaweni yedijithali eya ngokuya ikhula. Ngakho-ke, masihlole umhlaba wobuchwepheshe obuvikelekile nobuvikelwe ndawonye!
Ukubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kumabhizinisi
Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, ukuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili kumabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi. Ukwethembela okwandayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi kwenze kwaphoqa ukuthi izinkampani zibeke eqhulwini ukuvikela idatha yazo ebucayi.
Faka amandla okuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Ngezixazululo ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye namasu aphelele, amabhizinisi angavikela amanethiwekhi awo, amasistimu, kanye nolwazi olubalulekile ekuphuleni okungase kube khona nokuhlaselwa.
Kodwa yini ngempela ukubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi ebhizinisini lakho? Ngaphandle kokuvikela idatha yakho, kukhulisa ukuzethemba kwamakhasimende, kuthuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo wakho, futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho yemboni. Kuphinde kunciphise ubungozi bokuphulwa kwedatha okubizayo, isikhathi sokuphumula, nokulahlekelwa kwezimali.
Ngokusebenzisa amandla okuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi, amabhizinisi anganciphisa ubungozi futhi azuze umkhawulo wokuncintisana emakethe. Lesi sihloko sizojula ngokubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokuthi kungasiza kanjani ibhizinisi lakho ukuthi liphumelele endaweni yedijithali eya ngokuya ikhula. Ngakho-ke, masihlole umhlaba wobuchwepheshe obuvikelekile nobuvikelwe ndawonye!
Izinsongo ezivamile ze-cybersecurity kanye nezingozi
Emhlabeni wanamuhla oxhumene, amabhizinisi athembele kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bolwazi ukuze enze lula ukusebenza, agcine idatha, futhi axhumane namakhasimende. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuthembela okwengeziwe kubuchwepheshe kuveza amabhizinisi ezinsongweni zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nezingozi. Izigebengu ze-Cybercriminal zihlala zishintsha amaqhinga, zifuna ukukhubazeka ukuze zisebenzise futhi zithole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kulwazi olubucayi.
Ukuphulwa kwedatha kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kumabhizinisi, okuhlanganisa ukulahlekelwa kwezimali, ukulinyazwa kwesithunzi, izikweletu ezisemthethweni, nokulahlekelwa ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende. Ukubaluleka kokuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi akunakugcizelelwa. Imayelana nokuvikela idatha yakho nokuvikela lonke uhlelo lwakho lwendawo yebhizinisi.
Ukutshala imali ezinyathelweni zokuphepha zobuchwepheshe bolwazi, njengezindonga zokuvikela, isofthiwe ye-antivirus, ukubethela, nezibuyekezo ezijwayelekile zesistimu, kubalulekile ukuze uvikeleke ezinsongweni ezaziwayo. Izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile, izivumelwano zokuqinisekisa, nokuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi kungasiza ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe nokuqinisekisa ubumfihlo bedatha.
Kubalulekile ukuthi amabhizinisi ahlale enolwazi ngezitayela zakamuva ze-cybersecurity futhi ahlole njalo ukuma kwawo kwezokuphepha. Ukuhlola ubungozi okuvamile, ukuhlolwa kokungena, nokuskena kokuba sengozini kungasiza ekuhlonzeni ubuthakathaka obungase bube khona futhi bubhekane nabo ngokushesha. Ngokuthatha indlela esheshayo yokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi, amabhizinisi anganciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi futhi avikele izimpahla zawo ezibalulekile.
Ukuqonda indima yokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi
Izinsongo zeCybersecurity ziza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, futhi amabhizinisi kufanele aqaphele ubungozi obuvame kakhulu ababhekana nabo. Enye yezinsongo eziyinhloko uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, oluhlanganisa amagciwane, izikelemu, i-ransomware, ne-spyware. Lezi zinhlelo ezinonya zingangena kumakhompyutha namanethiwekhi, zibangele ukulahleka kwedatha, ukuphahlazeka kwesistimu, nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
Ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kungolunye usongo oluvamile. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zisebenzisa ama-imeyili akhohlisayo, amawebhusayithi, noma amakholi wefoni ukuze akhohlise abantu abathile ukuze baveze ulwazi olubucayi, olufana namagama-mfihlo noma imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu. Ubunjiniyela bezenhlalakahle, iqhinga elikhohlisa ukuziphatha komuntu ukuze bathole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
Ukuphulwa kwedatha kuyinkinga enkulu emabhizinisini, njengoba angadalula ulwazi lwekhasimende olubucayi, izimfihlo zohwebo, noma idatha yezezimali. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingase zisebenzise ubungozi kungqalasizinda yenethiwekhi, amaphasiwedi abuthaka, noma isofthiwe engashicilelwe ukuze zithole ukufinyelela kudatha ebalulekile.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) kungolunye usongo oluvamile. Kulokhu kuhlasela, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zilayisha kakhulu iwebhusayithi eqondiwe noma inethiwekhi ngethrafikhi, okwenza ingatholakali kubasebenzisi abasemthethweni. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu esimeni sebhizinisi, ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende, kanye nemali engenayo.
Okokugcina, izinsongo zangaphakathi zibeka engcupheni amabhizinisi. Lezi zinsongo zingavela kubasebenzi bamanje noma bangaphambili abanenhloso embi noma bengazi ngezenzo zobudedengu. Izinkampani kufanele zisebenzise izilawuli zokufinyelela, ziqaphe imisebenzi yabasebenzisi, futhi zibuyekeze njalo amalungelo abasebenzi ukuze zinciphise izinsongo zangaphakathi.
Ukuqonda izinsongo ze-cybersecurity kanye nezingozi amabhizinisi abhekana nazo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokwakha isu eliqinile lokuphepha lobuchwepheshe bolwazi.
Ukuthuthukisa isu lokuphepha lobuchwepheshe bolwazi
Isu elibanzi lokuphepha lobuchwepheshe bolwazi libalulekile ukuze uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Leli su kufanele licabangele izidingo nezingozi zebhizinisi lakho futhi lihambisane nezinqubo ezihamba phambili zomkhakha. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuthuthukisa isu elisebenzayo:
1. Thola futhi uhlole izimpahla zakho: Qala ngokukhomba futhi uhlukanise izimpahla zakho ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa idatha, izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, isofthiwe, namanethiwekhi. Yenza uhlolo olunzulu lwengozi ukuze uhlonze ubungozi futhi ubeke phambili izinyathelo zokuphepha ngokusekelwe kumthelela ongase ube khona nezinsongo.
2. Chaza izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha: Yakha izinqubomgomo nezinqubo ezicacile, ezimfishane eziveza ukuziphatha okulindelekile kwabasebenzi, izibopho, nemihlahlandlela. Lezi zinqubomgomo kufanele zihlanganisa ukuphathwa kwephasiwedi, ukuhlukaniswa kwedatha, impendulo yesigameko, nokufinyelela kude.
3. Sebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela nezindlela zokuqinisekisa: Sungula izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi abantu abagunyaziwe kuphela abangakwazi ukufinyelela idatha ebucayi namasistimu. Sebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, nokulawulwa kokufinyelela okusekelwe indima (RBAC) ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
4. Njalo buyekeza futhi upeshe isofthiwe: Gcina yonke isofthiwe namasistimu kusesikhathini samanje ngamapeshi akamuva okuvikela nezibuyekezo. Izigebengu ze-Cybercriminal zivame ukuxhaphaza ubungozi kusofthiwe, ngakho-ke izibuyekezo ezijwayelekile zibalulekile ukuze kubhekwane nalobu bungozi nokuvikela izinhlelo zakho.
5. Bethela idatha ebucayi: Sebenzisa ukubethela kwedatha ebucayi lapho ukuthutha nalapho uphumule. Ukubethela kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe idatha ibanjwa noma yebiwa, ihlala ingafundeki kubantu abangagunyaziwe.
6. Yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho: Yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ungalulama ngokushesha futhi ubuyisele ulwazi olubalulekile esimweni sokwephulwa noma ukulahleka kwedatha. Idatha eyisipele kufanele igcinwe ngokuvikelekile futhi ihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bayo.
7. Qeqesha futhi ufundise abasebenzi: Ezokuphepha akuwona nje umsebenzi womnyango wakwa-IT; kuwumthwalo wemfanelo okwabelwana ngawo kuyo yonke inhlangano. Njalo qeqesha futhi ufundise abasebenzi ngezenzo ezinhle kakhulu zokuphepha, njengokuhlonza ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukudala amaphasiwedi aqinile, nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo futhi uzivumelanise nezidingo zebhizinisi lakho, ungakha isu eliqinile lokuphepha lobuchwepheshe bolwazi elivikela izimpahla zakho ezibalulekile futhi linciphise ubungozi.
Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha nezindlela ezihamba phambili
Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha nezinqubo ezihamba phambili kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwesu lakho lokuvikela ubuchwepheshe bolwazi. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Ama-firewall: Faka izivikela-mlilo ukuze udale umgoqo phakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi nomhlaba wangaphandle. I-firewalls iqapha futhi ilawula ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo naphumayo, ivimba ithrafikhi eyingozi.
2. I-antivirus kanye nesofthiwe elwa nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha: Faka isivikeli magciwane esithembekile nesofthiwe elwa nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha yonkana inethiwekhi yakho namasistimu. Njalo buyekeza isofthiwe futhi wenze izikena ukuze uthole futhi ususe noma yiziphi izinhlelo ezinonya.
3. Vikela ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi: Lungiselela inethiwekhi yakho ngokuphephile ngokuvala izinsiza ezingadingekile, ukuvala izimbobo ezingasetshenzisiwe, nokusebenzisa izivumelwano ezivikelekile zokuxhumana.
4. Ukuhlola ubungozi okuvamile: Yenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuba sengozini ukuze uthole ubuthakathaka bezinhlelo zakho nengqalasizinda. Bhekana nobuthakathaka obuhlonziwe ngokushesha ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuxhashazwa.
5. Vikela ukufinyelela okukude: Uma ibhizinisi lakho livumela ukufinyelela ukude kumasistimu noma amanethiwekhi, sebenzisa izindlela ezivikelekile zokufinyelela kude, njengamanethiwekhi ayimfihlo abonakalayo (ama-VPN) kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili.
6. Vikela amanethiwekhi angenawaya: Qinisekisa ukuthi amanethiwekhi akho avikelekile ngokusebenzisa ukubethela okuqinile, ukushintsha amagama ayimfihlo okuzenzakalelayo, nokubuyekeza njalo i-firmware.
7. Qapha kanye nemisebenzi yokungena: Sebenzisa izindlela eziqinile zokugawula kanye nokuqapha ukuze ulandelele futhi uhlonze imisebenzi esolisayo. Gada ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi, amalogi esistimu, nemisebenzi yomsebenzisi ukuze uthole ukuphulwa kokuphepha okungaba khona noma ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha kanye nezinqubo ezihamba phambili, amabhizinisi angathuthukisa kakhulu ukuma kwawo kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi futhi avikele impahla yawo ebalulekile ekusongelweni kwe-inthanethi.
Ukuqeqesha nokufundisa abasebenzi ngokuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi
Abasebenzi badlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwebhizinisi lakho. Ukuqeqesha nokufundisa abasebenzi ngezinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe ingcuphe yamaphutha omuntu futhi kuvinjwe ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha okungaba khona. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho uqeqesha futhi ufundisa abasebenzi:
1. Ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile kokuqwashisa ngokuvikeleka: Nikeza abasebenzi ngoqeqesho olujwayelekile lokuqwashisa ngokuvikeleka ukuze bazijwayeze nezinsongo ezivamile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi, njengobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ubunjiniyela bomphakathi, nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Baqeqeshe ukuthi babone futhi babike imisebenzi esolisayo ngokushesha.
2. Ukuphathwa kwephasiwedi: Fundisa abasebenzi ngokubaluleka kwamagama ayimfihlo aqinile kanye nezingozi zokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo angaqinile noma aqageleka kalula. Khuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwabaphathi bephasiwedi kanye nezibuyekezo ezijwayelekile zamaphasiwedi.
3. Ukuphepha kwe-imeyili: Fundisa abasebenzi ukuhlonza ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi bagweme ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukulanda okunamathiselwe emithonjeni engaziwa. Bakhumbuze ukuthi baqinisekise ikheli le-imeyili lomthumeli futhi baqaphele izicelo ezingalindelekile noma eziphuthumayo zolwazi olubucayi.
4. Ukuvikeleka kwedivayisi yeselula: Yalela abasebenzi ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela amadivayisi eselula, njengokusebenzisa amakhodi okudlula noma ukuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric, ukunika amandla izici zokulandelela nokusula okukude, nokugwema ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi omphakathi we-Wi-Fi angavikelekile.
5. Ukuphathwa kwedatha nokuhlukaniswa: Fundisa abasebenzi ngendlela yokuphatha idatha ebucayi ngokuphepha. Gcizelela ukubaluleka kokuhlukaniswa kwedatha nezindlela ezifanele zokulahla idatha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma ukuvuza kwedatha ngephutha.
6. Ukubika isigameko: Sungula imihlahlandlela yokuthi abasebenzi babike ngokushesha izehlakalo zokuphepha noma imisebenzi esolisayo. Khuthaza isiko lokubika elivulekile nelingenasijeziso ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha okungaba khona kusingathwa ngokushesha.
Ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kanye nemfundo kubalulekile ukuze kuqiniswe izinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokugcina abasebenzi benolwazi mayelana nokuvela kwezinsongo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Amabhizinisi angathuthukisa kakhulu ukuma kwawo kwezokuphepha ngokunika abasebenzi amandla ngolwazi namakhono okuhlonza nokusabela ezingozini zokuphepha ezingaba khona.
Izinzuzo zokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi
Ukukhipha izinsiza zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kungabiza futhi kusebenze kahle emabhizinisini amaningi. Ukukhishwa kwemisebenzi kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi asebenzise ubuchwepheshe nezinsiza zabahlinzeki bezokuphepha abakhethekile, ukukhulula izinsiza zangaphakathi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kubuchwepheshe bakamuva bokuphepha namasu. Nazi ezinye izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokukhipha amasevisi okuvikela ubuchwepheshe bolwazi:
1. Ukufinyelela kulwazi: Abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zokuphepha banolwazi olukhethekile nolwazi lokuphatha kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi bokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Ngokukhipha umsebenzi, amabhizinisi angakwazi ukungena kulobu buchwepheshe ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwakha ithimba lezokuphepha langaphakathi kusukela ekuqaleni.
2. Ubuchwepheshe bokuvikela obuthuthukile: Abahlinzeki besevisi yezokuphepha banokufinyelela kubuchwepheshe bokuphepha obuthuthukisiwe namathuluzi angase abize ukuze amabhizinisi awathole futhi awanakekele ngokuzimela. Lobu buchwepheshe bungahlinzeka ngokuthola ukusongelwa okuthuthukisiwe, ukuvimbela, namandla okuphendula.
3. 24/7 ukuqapha nokusekelwa: Abahlinzeki besevisi yezokuphepha banikeza ukuqapha nokusekelwa ubusuku nemini, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izigameko zokuphepha ezingenzeka ziyatholakala futhi kuphendulwe kuzo ngokushesha. Lokhu kuqapha okuqhubekayo kusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi ahlale enesinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwezinsongo ezingaba khona.
4. Engabizi kakhulu: Ukukhipha izinsiza zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kungabiza kakhulu kunokuqasha nokugcina ithimba lezokuphepha langaphakathi. Amabhizinisi angazuza ezindlekweni ezingabikezelwa, ukukhula, kanye nezindleko ezincishisiwe ezihambisana nokuphatha ukuphepha ngaphakathi.
5. Ukuthobela kanye nobungcweti bokulawula: Abahlinzeki besevisi yezokuphepha bayazi imithetho yemboni kanye nezidingo zokuhambisana. Bangasiza amabhizinisi ukuthi azulazule ezindaweni zokulawula eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi aqinisekise ukunamathela kumazinga okuphepha adingekayo.
6. Gxila emisebenzini yebhizinisi ewumongo: Ngokukhipha izinsiza zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi, amabhizinisi angagxila emakhonweni awo asemqoka kanye nezinhlelo zamasu. Lokhu kuvumela ukwabiwa kwezinsiza okungcono futhi kwenza amabhizinisi aqhubekisele phambili ukukhula nokusungula izinto ezintsha.
Nakuba ukuthekelisa ngezinsiza zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kunganikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kubalulekile ukuthi amabhizinisi ahlole ngokucophelela abangaba abahlinzeki besevisi futhi aqinisekise ukuthi bahambisana nezidingo zabo nezimfuneko ezithile.
Ukuhlola nokuqapha izinyathelo zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi
Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi akuwona umsebenzi wesikhathi esisodwa; kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqapha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwazo. Ukuhlola njalo nokuqapha izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha kubalulekile ukuze uhlonze noma yibuphi ubungozi noma izikhala ezingase zivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho uhlaziya futhi uqapha izinyathelo zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bakho:
1. Ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku okuvikela okuvamile: Yenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuvamile ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kahle kwezilawuli zakho zokuphepha nokuhlonza izindawo zokuthuthukisa. Lokhu kuhlola kufanele kubandakanye ukuhlolwa kokuba sengozini, ukuhlolwa kokungena, nokubuyekeza izilawuli zokufinyelela namalungelo abasebenzisi.
2. Ukusabela kanye nokuphathwa kwesigameko: Sungula uhlelo oluqinile lokuphendula isigameko oluchaza izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha noma isigameko. Hlola njalo futhi ubuyekeze uhlelo ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwalo futhi uluvumelanise nezinsongo ezishintshayo kanye nezidingo zebhizinisi.
3. Ukuhlolwa kokuqwashisa ngokuvikeleka: Hlola njalo ukuqwashisa ngokuvikeleka kwabasebenzi bakho ngokusebenzisa imikhankaso yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi elingisiwe noma izivivinyo zobunjiniyela bomphakathi. Lokhu kusiza ukukhomba izikhala olwazini noma ezindaweni ezidinga ukuqeqeshwa kanye nemfundo eyengeziwe.
4. Ukuqapha nokugawulwa kwemithi: Gada futhi uloge imisebenzi kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi akho, amasistimu, nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Sebenzisa ulwazi lwezokuphepha kanye nezixazululo zokuphathwa kwemicimbi (SIEM) ukuze uhlaziye futhi uhlobanise idatha yelogi, okuvumela ukutholwa okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokuphendula ezehlakalweni ezingaba zokuphepha.
5. Ukuhlolwa komthengisi wenkampani yangaphandle: Hlola njalo ukuma kokuphepha kwabathengisi bakho bezinkampani zangaphandle nabahlinzeki besevisi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bathobela izindinganiso zokuphepha ezidingekayo kanye nemithethonqubo ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokwephulwa ngokufinyelela okuvela eceleni.
6. Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezinsongo ezivelayo: Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezinsongo ezivelayo zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi namathrendi ngokushicilelwa komkhakha, izinkundla zokuphepha, nokusebenzisana namanye amabhizinisi noma izinhlangano zokuphepha. Ukuqwashisa ngezinsongo zakamuva kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise izindlela zakho zokuphepha ukuze ubhekane nazo ngokuqhubekayo.
Ngokuhlola njalo nokuqapha izinyathelo zokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bakho bolwazi, ungakwazi ukuhlonza futhi ubhekane nanoma yibuphi ubuthakathaka obungaba khona noma izikhala, uqinisekise ukuvikelwa okuqhubekayo kwezimpahla ezibalulekile zebhizinisi lakho.
Ikusasa lokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ngokushesha, indawo yokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi nayo iyathuthuka. Ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa, obufana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), ukufunda ngomshini, ne-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), iletha amathuba amasha nezinselelo zamabhizinisi. Nawa amanye amathrendi angukhiye abumba ikusasa lokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi:
1. Ukuvikeleka okunamandla e-AI: I-AI ingasiza ukuthuthukisa ukutholwa kosongo namandla okuphendula ngokuhlaziya amanani amakhulu edatha nokuhlonza amaphethini noma okudidayo okungase kubonise ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha. Izixazululo zokuphepha ezinikwe amandla yi-AI zinganikeza ubuhlakani besikhathi sangempela sokusongela kanye nezinqubo zokuphendula ngesigameko ngokuzenzakalela.
2. I-Zero-trust architecture: I-Zero-trust architecture iwuhlaka lokuvikela oludinga ukuqinisekiswa okuqinile kobunikazi kanye nokuqinisekisa kubo bonke abasebenzisi namadivayisi, ngaphandle kokunaka indawo noma inethiwekhi. Le ndlela ithatha ngokuthi akekho umsebenzisi noma idivayisi okufanele ithenjwa ngokuzenzakalela, okunciphisa ubungozi bokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
3. Ukuphepha kwamafu: Njengoba amabhizinisi aya ngokuya esebenzisa ikhompuyutha yamafu, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezindawo zamafu kuba semqoka. Izixazululo nezinqubo zokuphepha zamafu, njengokubethela, izilawuli zokufinyelela, nokuqapha okuqhubekayo, kuzoshintsha ukuze kubhekwane nezinselelo eziyingqayizivele zengqalasizinda esekelwe emafini.
4. Ubumfihlo bedatha nokuhambisana: Ukubaluleka kobumfihlo bedatha nokuthobelana kuzoqhubeka kukhula njengoba ohulumeni bethula imithetho eqinile, efana neGeneral Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) kanye neCalifornia Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Amabhizinisi kufanele abeke phambili ubumfihlo bedatha futhi asebenzise izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ukuze athobele le mithetho.
5. Ukushoda kwabasebenzi be-Cybersecurity: Isidingo sochwepheshe abanamakhono we-cybersecurity sidlula
Isiphetho: Ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ukuze liphumelele
Emhlabeni wanamuhla oxhumene, amabhizinisi abhekana noxhaxha olukhula njalo lwezinsongo ze-inthanethi ezingafaka engozini idatha yazo ebucayi futhi ziphazamise ukusebenza kwazo. Kusukela kubaduni abanonya kuye kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha eyinkimbinkimbi, ubungozi buhlala buguquka futhi bucwengeka kakhulu.
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani ukuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kubalulekile ebhizinisini lakho isidingo sokuvikela idatha yakho ebalulekile enkathini lapho idatha ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi “uwoyela omusha,” amabhizinisi kufanele athathe zonke izinyathelo ezingenzeka ukuze agweme ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukweba, noma ukuxhashazwa kwedatha yawo.
Ukwengeza, imiphumela yokuphulwa kwedatha ingaba mibi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwezimali okuhlobene nokuphulwa kwedatha, amabhizinisi abhekana nokulimala kwesithunzi, ukulahlekelwa ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende, kanye nemithelela yezomthetho engaba khona. Ukutshala imali ezinyathelweni zokuphepha zolwazi oluqinile kunganciphisa ubungozi bale miphumela eyingozi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ngokushesha, amabhizinisi adinga ukuhlala ngaphambi kwejika ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi izindlela zawo zokuphepha zimanje. Ngokwamukelwa okwandayo kwe-cloud computing, amadivayisi we-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikude, indawo yokuhlasela yezigebengu ze-inthanethi ikhule kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa uhlaka olubanzi lokuphepha lobuchwepheshe bolwazi kubalulekile ukuze kuhambisane nesimo sosongo esishintshayo.
