Ukubaluleka Kokuphepha Kwezobuchwepheshe Bolwazi: Ukugcina Idatha Yakho Iphephile
Esimeni sanamuhla sedijithali, lapho ubuchwepheshe bolwazi bubusa zonke izici zempilo yethu, ukubaluleka kokuphepha kwedatha ngeke kugcizelelwe. Njengoba izinsongo ze-inthanethi zikhula, ukuvikela ulwazi lwethu olubalulekile sekuyinto ehamba phambili. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi futhi sinikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ekugcineni idatha yakho iphephile.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka ngokushesha, kanjalo nezindlela ezisetshenziswa abagebengu be-inthanethi nezigebengu ze-inthanethi. Izinkampani nabantu ngabanye basengozini yokudalula idatha yabo ebucayi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukweba, noma ukusetshenziswa kabi ngaphandle kwezivikelo ezifanele. Imiphumela ingaba mibi kakhulu, kusukela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali kanye nokulimala kwesithunzi kuya emiphumeleni engokomthetho.
Izinhlangano zinganciphisa lezi zingozi ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kokuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kanye nokuqinisekisa ubumfihlo bedatha yazo, ubuqotho, nokutholakala. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi, njengezicishamlilo, ukubethela, nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa, kanye nokugqugquzela isiko lokuqwashisa abasebenzi nokuziphendulela.
Amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye kufanele babeke phambili ukuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi emhlabeni oxhumene lapho ukwephulwa kwedijithali kuhlala kusongelwa. Ngokwenza kanjalo, singakwazi ukuvikela idatha yethu futhi sizivikele esimweni esihlala sivela sokusatshiswa kwe-inthanethi.
Ukuqonda ukuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi
Ukuze ubambe ngokugcwele ukubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kuhlanganisani. Ukuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuphepha kwe-IT, kuvikela amasistimu ekhompuyutha, amanethiwekhi, kanye nedatha ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukusetshenziswa, ukudalulwa, ukuphazamiseka, ukuguqulwa, noma ukucekelwa phansi. Kuhlanganisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene nobuchwepheshe bokuvikela izimpahla zedijithali nokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kolwazi oluyimfihlo, ubuqotho, nokutholakala.
Izingozi zokuvikeleka kwe-IT okunganele
Emhlabeni oxhumene ngokwandayo, ubungozi obuhambisana nokungavikeleki kwe-IT obanele buningi futhi bufinyelela kude. Izinkampani nabantu ngabanye basengozini yokudalula idatha yabo ebucayi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukweba, noma ukusetshenziswa kabi ngaphandle kwezivikelo ezifanele. Imiphumela ingaba mibi kakhulu, kusukela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali kanye nokulimala kwesithunzi kuya emiphumeleni engokomthetho. Ukwephulwa kwedatha okukodwa kungacekela phansi ibhizinisi, kuholele ekulahlekelweni kokuthenjwa kwekhasimende, izinhlawulo ezilawulayo, kanye nethuba lokumangalela ngezindleko ezibizayo.
Izibalo zobugebengu be-inthanethi kanye nokwephulwa kwedatha
Ukusabalala kobugebengu bamakhompuyutha kanye nokwephulwa kwedatha kukhombisa ukubaluleka kokuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Ngokwezibalo zakamuva, inani lokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi belilokhu likhula kancane ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ngo-2020 kuphela, kubikwe ukwephulwa kwedatha okungaphezulu kwe-1,000, okuveza izigidigidi zamarekhodi. Lokhu kuphulwa kuthinte izinhlangano kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ezempilo, ezezimali kanye nohulumeni. Umthelela wezezimali wobugebengu bamakhompuyutha nawo uyamangaza, njengoba izilinganiso zifinyelela ezigidini zezigidi zamaRandi ngonyaka.
Ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-IT
Izinhlangano kufanele zenze izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ze-IT ukuze zinciphise ubungozi obubangelwa izinsongo ze-cyber. Lokhu kubandakanya indlela enezendlalelo eziningi, ehlanganisa kokubili izilawuli zobuchwepheshe nezokuphatha. Izilawuli zobuchwepheshe zifaka izindonga zokuvikela, ukubethela, namaphrothokholi okuqinisekisa ukuvikela ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe kanye nokuphulwa kwedatha. Izilawuli zokuphatha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zibandakanya izinqubomgomo, izinqubo, nezinhlelo zokuqeqesha ukukhuthaza isiko lokuqwashisa ngezokuphepha nokuziphendulela.
Izinsongo ezijwayelekile zokuphepha ze-IT nokuthi ungazivimba kanjani
Ukuqonda izinsongo ezivamile zokuphepha kwe-IT kubalulekile ekuvikelweni okwanele. Izinsongo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, i-ransomware, nobunjiniyela bomphakathi. Izinhlangano kufanele zibuyekeze njalo isofthiwe yazo nezinhlelo ukuze zigweme lezi zinsongo, zisebenzise amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, futhi zifundise abasebenzi ngokubaluleka kwemikhuba yokuphequlula ephephile. Ukusebenzisa amasistimu okuthola ukungenelela kanye nokuvimbela kanye nokwenza ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuba sengozini kungasiza ekuhlonzeni nasekuxazululeni ubungozi obungaba khona.
Izinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuvikela idatha
Ngokungeziwe ekusebenziseni izinyathelo zokuphepha, ukulandela izinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuvikela idatha kubalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili zihlanganisa izipele zedatha ezivamile, ukulahlwa okuvikelekile kolwazi olubucayi, nokubethela kwedatha kwezokuthutha nalapho uphumule. Ukusungula nokuphoqelela izilawuli zokufinyelela nakho kubalulekile, ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kudatha ebucayi kuphela kubantu abagunyaziwe. Amasistimu okuqapha nokucwaninga avamile angasiza ekuhlonzeni nasekuxazululeni ngokushesha izehlakalo zokuphepha noma ubungozi.
Ukubaluleka kokuqeqeshwa nokuqwashisa kwabasebenzi
Abasebenzi badlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Ukufundisa nokuqeqesha abasebenzi ngezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela idatha kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona ezihlobene nezinsongo ze-inthanethi kubalulekile. Lokhu kungabandakanya izikhathi zokuqeqesha ezivamile mayelana nokuphepha kwephasiwedi, izinqubo ze-imeyili eziphephile, kanye nendlela yokuhlonza nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo. Ngokugqugquzela ukuqwashisa ngezokuphepha kanye nesiko lokuziphendulela, izinhlangano zinganika abasebenzi bazo amandla ukuze babe umugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela ekuhlaselweni ku-inthanethi.
Izixazululo zokuphepha kwe-IT nobuchwepheshe
Ezweni lanamuhla eliyinkimbinkimbi ye-IT, izixazululo eziningi nobuchwepheshe buyatholakala ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zokutholwa nokusabela, amathuluzi okuvimbela ukulahleka kwedatha, nolwazi lwezokuphepha kanye nezixazululo zokuphatha imicimbi (SIEM). Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ezisekelwe efwini zinganikeza izinhlangano izixazululo zokuphepha ze-IT ezingabazekayo nezingabizi kakhulu. Izinhlangano kufanele zihlole izidingo zazo futhi zisebenzise ubuchwepheshe obufanele ukubhekana nezinselele zokuphepha.
Ukuqasha uchwepheshe wezokuphepha we-IT noma ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuphepha ze-IT
Ukuqasha uchwepheshe wezokuphepha we-IT noma izinsiza zokuphepha ze-IT zingasebenza ezinhlanganweni ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe obudingekayo noma izinsiza. Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha be-IT banolwazi namakhono okuhlola ngempumelelo nokunciphisa ubungozi bezokuphepha. Zingasiza izinhlangano ukuthi zithuthukise amasu okuphepha aphelele, zisebenzise ubuchwepheshe obufanele, futhi zinikeze ukuqapha nokusekelwa okuqhubekayo. Ukukhipha izinsiza zokuphepha ze-IT kumhlinzeki ohloniphekile kunganikeza ukufinyelela kulwazi olukhethekile kanye namakhono okuqapha angu-24/7.
Thatha isinyathelo ukuze uvikele idatha yakho.
Ukubaluleka kokuvikeleka kobuchwepheshe bolwazi akunakugcizelelwa emhlabeni wanamuhla wedijithali. Ngokusatshiswa kwe-inthanethi okuthuthukayo, izinhlangano nabantu kufanele babeke phambili ukuvikela idatha ukuze banciphise ubungozi futhi bavikele imininingwane yabo ebalulekile. Singaqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yethu iyimfihlo, ubuqotho, nokutholakala ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-IT eziqinile, sikhuthaze isiko lokuqwashisa kanye nokuziphendulela phakathi kwabasebenzi, nokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanele nobungcweti. Khumbula, ukhiye wokuphepha okwanele kobuchwepheshe bolwazi usekuthatheni isinyathelo sokuhlala uphambili kunezigebengu ze-inthanethi.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-IT kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili esikhathini sanamuhla sama-electronic. Ichaza izenzo zokuvikela amasistimu esistimu yekhompuyutha, amanethiwekhi, nedatha ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukugqekezwa, noma umonakalo. Lokhu kubuka konke ngokungangabazeki kuzokwethula ukuphepha nokuvikeleka kwe-IT futhi kubhekane namathiphu okugcina isevisi yakho ingenabungozi ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi.
Ukuqonda Okuyisisekelo Kokuphepha Kwe-IT.
Ukuvikeleka kwe-IT kuhlose ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kobumfihlo, ukuzinza, kanye nemininingwane kuyilapho uvikela izinsongo ezifana nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, iziteleka zobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, kanye nokwakheka komphakathi. Ukubona ukuphepha nokuvikeleka kwe-IT kubalulekile kunoma iyiphi inkampani noma inhlangano efuna ukuvikela impahla yayo nesithunzi esiku-inthanethi esimweni sedijithali sanamuhla.
Ukunquma Izingozi Ezingenzeka Ebhizinisini Lakho.
Ukuhlolwa kwengozi okujwayelekile kanye nezindlela zokuvikela ezifana nezinhlelo zokuvikela amagciwane, isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, nokuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi kungasiza ekudambiseni lezi zingozi futhi kugcine ibhizinisi lakho lingenabungozi. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uhlale unolwazi lwakamuva mayelana nezingozi zakamuva namathrendi ukuze uhlale ngaphambi kweziteleka ezingase zibe khona.
Ukwenza Izinqubomgomo Zephasiwedi Eziqinile.
Ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zephasiwedi eziqinile kungenye yezinyathelo eziyisisekelo kodwa ezibalulekile ekuphepheni kwe-IT. Ngaphezu kwalokho kubalulekile ukufundisa abasebenzi ngenani lokuphepha nokuvikeleka kwephasiwedi kanye nezingozi zokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo abuthaka noma aqageleka kalula.
Ugcina Uhlelo Lwakho Lwesofthiwe kanye namasistimu asesikhathini samanje.
Olunye uhlangothi olubalulekile lokuphepha kwe-IT ukugcina isofthiwe yakho nezinhlelo zisesikhathini samanje. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukufaka njalo izibuyekezo neziqephu zamasistimu okusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe yezokuphepha. Lezi zibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukulungiswa kokuphepha okubalulekile okubhekana nokuba sengozini futhi kuvikeleke ezingozini ezintsha. Ukwehluleka ukufaka izibuyekezo kungashiya amasistimu akho nedatha kuthambekele ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola njalo nokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zakho zokuvikela nezindlela zokwelapha ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ziwusizo futhi zihambisana nezingozi zakamuva kanye nezindlela ezihamba phambili.
Ukukhanyisela Abasebenzi Bakho Ngokuvikeleka kwe-IT Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu.
Esinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni i-IT ivikelekile ukukhanyisela abasebenzi bakho ngamasu angcono kakhulu. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuba nezinqubomgomo ezicacile zokusingatha imicimbi yezokuphepha futhi uhlale uhlola ukuqonda kwabasebenzi bakho kanye nokulungela kwabo ngokuhlasela okulingiswayo nokuprakthiza.
Gcina isoftware yakho iphezulu namuhla.
Phakathi kwezindlela ezilula zokuvikela ikhompuyutha yakho ezingozini ze-cyber ukugcina isofthiwe yakho ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kufaka i-OS yakho, isiphequluli se-inthanethi, nolunye uhlelo lwesofthiwe olusebenzisa njalo. Izibuyekezo zesofthiwe zivame ukuba nezindawo zokuphepha ezixazulula ubungozi obubonakalayo, ngakho-ke ukuzikhweza ngokushesha njengoba zitholakala kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zesofthiwe ezimbalwa zinomsebenzi wokuvuselela okuzenzakalelayo ongawusebenzisa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uhlala unenguqulo yakamuva.
Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile futhi ahlukile.
Amagama ayimfihlo aqinile futhi ahlukile angenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvikela uhlelo lwekhompyutha yakho ezingozini ze-cyber. Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama ajwayelekile noma imishwana; esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinhlamvu eziphezulu nezincane, izinombolo, nezimpawu. Ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi ahlukahlukene kuyo yonke i-akhawunti kuyadingeka ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amanye ama-akhawunti akho asaphephile futhi avikelekile uma iphasiwedi eyodwa isengozini. Okokugcina, cabangela ukusebenzisa umqondisi wephasiwedi ukuze akusize ukhiqize futhi ugcine amaphasiwedi aqinile.
Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela kuma-akhawunti akho ngokudinga uhlobo lwesibili lokuqinisekisa ngaphezu kwephasiwedi yakho. Lokhu kungaba ikhodi ethunyelwe ocingweni lwakho noma ku-imeyili noma isici se-biometric njengesigxivizo somunwe noma ukubonwa kobuso. Izixazululo eziningi ze-inthanethi okwamanje zisebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili njengenketho, futhi kuphakanyiswa kakhulu ukuthi uyinike amandla kunoma iyiphi i-akhawunti equkethe ulwazi oluthambile noma ulwazi lwezezimali.
Qaphela ama-imeyili asolisayo nezixhumanisi zewebhu.
Phakathi kwezindlela ezivame kakhulu izigebengu ze-inthanethi ezifinyelela ngazo kusistimu yekhompyutha yakho ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi nezixhumanisi zewebhu. Lawa ma-imeyili angase avele emithonjeni enedumela elihle njengebhange lakho noma inkampani eyaziwa kabanzi. Noma kunjalo, zenzelwe ukukukhohlisa ukuthi unikeze ulwazi lwakho noma ulande futhi ufake uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha. Ngakho-ke qaphela njalo ama-imeyili nezixhumanisi zewebhu ezibonakala zisolisa noma ezicela ulwazi olubucayi, futhi ungalokothi uchofoze izixhumanisi zewebhu noma ulande futhi ufake okunamathiselwe kwimithombo engaziwa.
Sebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus futhi uyigcine ibuyekeziwe.
Isofthiwe ye-antivirus ivikela ikhompuyutha yakho ezifweni, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, nezinye izinsongo ze-cyber. Khumbula ukugcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza nenye isofthiwe isesikhathini samanje ngokuphepha nokuvikeleka kwamanje kanye nezibuyekezo.
