Umhlahlandlela Obalulekile Wokuqonda Ukusekela Kwe-IT Nokubaluleka Kwako
Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, ukuqonda ukwesekwa kwe-IT kubalulekile kumabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi. Kusukela ekuxazululeni izinkinga zobuchwepheshe kuya ekugcineni ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, usekelo lwe-IT lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yebhizinisi yansuku zonke. Kodwa kuyini ngempela ukwesekwa kwe-IT, futhi kungani kubaluleke kangaka?
Ukwesekwa kwe-IT kuhlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinsizakalo ezinikezwa ochwepheshe abasebenza ngokukhethekile ekuphatheni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga ezihlobene nobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha nesofthiwe ukuxazulula inkinga, ukusethwa kwenethiwekhi nokulungiswa, ukwenza isipele idatha nokutholwa, kanye ne-cybersecurity. Ngaphandle kokusekelwa okufanele kwe-IT, amabhizinisi angase abhekane nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukwephulwa kwedatha, nokulahlekelwa umkhiqizo. Ngamafuphi, ukusekelwa kwe-IT kufana nokuba nethimba elizinikele lochwepheshe elilungele ukugcina ubuchwepheshe bakho busebenza kahle, okukuvumela ukuthi ugxile kulokho okwenza kahle kakhulu.
Ukuqonda ukwesekwa kwe-IT nokubaluleka kwayo kubalulekile ekugcineni umkhawulo wokuncintisana emhlabeni wanamuhla wedijithali osheshayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumnikazi webhizinisi elincane noma uchwepheshe we-IT ongumakadebona, lo mhlahlandlela obalulekile uzokunikeza ulwazi nemininingwane oyidingayo ukuze uzulazule emhlabeni wosekelo lwe-IT futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nengqalasizinda yakho yobuchwepheshe.
Kuyini ukwesekwa kwe-IT?
Ukusekelwa kwe-IT kubhekisela kumasevisi ahlinzekwa ochwepheshe abasebenza ngokukhethekile ekuphatheni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga ezihlobene nobuchwepheshe. Lezi zingcweti, ezivame ukwaziwa ngokuthi ochwepheshe abasekela i-IT noma ochwepheshe bedeski losizo, banesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwengqalasizinda yobuchwepheshe benkampani. Bangochwepheshe abahamba phambili ekuxazululeni izinkinga zobuchwepheshe, ukugcina ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, nokusiza nge-hardware nezinkinga zesofthiwe.
Omunye wezibopho ezibalulekile zosekelo lwe-IT ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezifika ngesikhathi nezisebenzayo kunoma yiziphi izinkinga zobuchwepheshe ezingase ziphakame ngaphakathi kwenkampani. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuxilonga nokuxazulula izinkinga zehadiwe nesofthiwe, ukusetha nokugcina amanethiwekhi ekhompyutha, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha nezinqubo zokuthola kabusha zikhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT nabo banesibopho sokusebenzisa nokugcina izindlela zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze kuvikelwe imininingwane ebucayi yenkampani ekusongelweni kwe-inthanethi.
Sekukonke, ukwesekwa kwe-IT kuyingxenye ebalulekile yemisebenzi yanoma yiliphi ibhizinisi. Ngokuba nethimba elizinikele lochwepheshe be-IT abathembele kulo, izinkampani zingaqinisekisa ukuthi ingqalasizinda yazo yobuchwepheshe isebenza kahle nangempumelelo, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile emisebenzini yabo eyinhloko.
Ukubaluleka kosekelo lwe-IT kumabhizinisi
Ukubaluleka kokwesekwa kwe-IT kwamabhizinisi angeke kugcizelelwe. Emhlabeni wanamuhla oxhumeke kakhulu futhi oqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe, amabhizinisi athembele kakhulu kungqalasizinda yawo ye-IT ukuze asebenze kwansuku zonke. Ubuchwepheshe bubalulekile cishe kuzo zonke izici zebhizinisi, kusukela ekuxhumaneni namakhasimende namakhasimende kuya ekugcineni nasekufinyeleleni idatha ebalulekile.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuba nokusekelwa okuthembekile kwe-IT ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula. Isikhathi sokuphumula singabiza amabhizinisi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokukhiqiza kanye nokulahlekelwa imali engenayo. Ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT banolwazi nobungcweti bokuxilonga ngokushesha nokuxazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe, banciphise umthelela ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwehluleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, iphutha lesofthiwe, noma inkinga yokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT banganikeza izixazululo ezifika ngesikhathi zokugcina ibhizinisi lisebenza kahle.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokwesekwa kwe-IT ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwengqalasizinda yobuchwepheshe benkampani. Ngokukhula kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi, amabhizinisi aya ngokuya eba sengcupheni yokuphulwa kwedatha nezinye izehlakalo zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi. Ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT babalulekile ekusebenziseni nasekugcineni izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze kuvikelwe ulwazi olubucayi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubuyekeza njalo isofthiwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, ukuqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi ngomsebenzi osolisayo, nokufundisa abasebenzi ngemikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuvikela idatha.
Ngokungeziwe ekunciphiseni isikhathi sokuphumula nokuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka ku-inthanethi, ukusekelwa kwe-IT kusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi ahlale enolwazi lwakamuva ngamathrendi akamuva nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe. Ochwepheshe be-IT abasekelayo bahlale beqapha ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa futhi banganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile nezincomo zokuthi izinkampani zingasebenzisa kanjani lobu buchwepheshe ukuze zithole umkhawulo wokuncintisana. Ngokuhlala ngaphambi kwejika, izinkampani zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimfuno zemakethe ezishintshayo futhi zihlangabezane nezidingo eziguqukayo zamakhasimende azo.
Sekukonke, ukubaluleka kokusekelwa kwe-IT kwamabhizinisi angeke kugcizelelwe. Kusukela ekunciphiseni isikhathi sokuphumula kuya ekuqinisekiseni ukuvikeleka kwedatha nokuhlala ngaphambi kwejika lobuchwepheshe, ukusekelwa kwe-IT kudlala indima ebalulekile empumelelweni nasekukhuleni kwamabhizinisi ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali.
Izinsiza ezijwayelekile zokusekela i-IT
Ukwesekwa kwe-IT kuhlanganisa izinsiza eziklanyelwe ukubhekana nezinkinga ezithile ezihlobene nobuchwepheshe amabhizinisi angase abhekane nazo. Nakuba izinsiza ezinikezwayo zingahluka kuye ngomhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT, izinsiza ezimbalwa zokusekelwa kwe-IT ezihlangene zitholakala kabanzi.
1. Ukuxazulula Izingxenyekazi Zekhompuyutha Nesofthiwe: Enye yendima eyinhloko yokusekelwa kwe-IT ukuxilonga nokuxazulula izinkinga zehadiwe nesofthiwe. Lokhu kungabandakanya izinkinga zamakhompuyutha, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amaseva, amaphrinta, nezinye izisetshenziswa zehadiwe, kanye namaphutha esoftware nezinkinga zokusebenzisana. Ochwepheshe be-IT basekela ahlome ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlonza umsuka wenkinga futhi anikeze izixazululo ezisebenzayo ukuze ubuchwepheshe buqale busebenze futhi.
2. Ukusethwa Kwenethiwekhi Nokugcinwa: Ukusetha nokugcina amanethiwekhi ekhompiyutha kungenye indawo ebalulekile yokugxila ekusekelweni kwe-IT. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulungisa amarutha, amaswishi, ama-firewall, namanye amadivayisi enethiwekhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumeka okungenazihibe nokudluliswa kwedatha phakathi kwamadivayisi. Ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT baphinde baqaphe ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi, bahlonze futhi baxazulule izingqinamba zenethiwekhi, futhi basebenzise izindlela zokuphepha ukuvikela inethiwekhi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe.
3. Isipele Sedatha Nokutholwa: Idatha iyimpahla ebalulekile yamabhizinisi, futhi ukulahlekelwa idatha ebalulekile kungaba nemiphumela emibi. Ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT basiza izinkampani ukuthi zisebenzise izixazululo zokusekela ngokulondoloza idatha nezokubuyisela ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi idatha ebalulekile ivikelekile futhi ingabuyiselwa ngesikhathi sesigameko sokulahlekelwa idatha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusetha izinqubo zokusekela ngokulondoloza okuzenzakalelayo, izinqubo zokuhlola zokutholwa kwedatha, kanye nokunikeza isiqondiso semikhuba engcono kakhulu yokwenza isipele idatha.
4. I-Cybersecurity: Ngokukhula kwemvamisa nokuba yinkimbinkimbi kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi, ukuphepha kwe-cybersecurity sekuyinto ehamba phambili yebhizinisi. Ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT babalulekile ekusebenziseni nasekugcineni izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze kuvikelwe ulwazi olubucayi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukufaka nokubuyekeza isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, ukusebenzisa izivikeli-mlilo kanye nezinhlelo zokutholwa kokungena, nokufundisa abasebenzi ngemikhuba emihle yokuphepha ku-inthanethi.
5. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesofthiwe Nezingxenyekazi Zekhompuyutha: Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, amabhizinisi kufanele ahlale enolwazi lwakamuva ngesofthiwe nokuthuthukiswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuhambisana. Ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT bangasiza amabhizinisi ekuhlonzeni ukuthuthukiswa okudingekayo, ukuhlola nokusebenzisa isofthiwe entsha nehadiwe, futhi banikeze isiqondiso sokwenza ngokugcwele izici ezintsha nokusebenza.
Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zezinsizakalo zosekelo ze-IT ezijwayelekile amabhizinisi angazuza kuzo. Izinsizakalo ezithile ezinikezwayo zingahluka kuye ngezidingo nezimfuneko zebhizinisi ngalinye. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nomhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT ongakwazi ukuhlela amasevisi akhe ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukile zebhizinisi lakho.
Kusayithi uma kuqhathaniswa nosekelo lwe-IT olukude
Uma kukhulunywa ngosekelo lwe-IT, amabhizinisi anenketho yokukhetha phakathi kokusekelwa okusendaweni nokukude. Inketho ngayinye inezinzuzo nokucatshangelwa, futhi ukukhetha kuncike esimweni sebhizinisi kanye nezidingo zalo ezithile.
Ukusekelwa kwe-IT esizeni
Ukwesekwa kwe-IT esizeni kuhlanganisa ukuba nochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT bekhona ngokoqobo endaweni yebhizinisi ukuze basize ngezinkinga ezihlobene nobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kungazuzisa amabhizinisi adinga ukusekelwa okwenziwa ngokushesha noma abe nokusethwa kobuchwepheshe okuyinkimbinkimbi okungase kudinge ukungenelela ngokomzimba.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zosekelo lwe-IT esizeni yikhono lokuba nokusebenzelana ubuso nobuso nochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT. Lokhu kungasiza ukwakha ubudlelwano obuqinile futhi kuvumele ukuxhumana okungcono, njengoba ochwepheshe bengakwazi ukubuka ngokuqondile futhi baqonde izinselele ezithile kanye nezidingo zebhizinisi. Ukwesekwa okukusayithi nakho kuvumela izikhathi zokuphendula ezisheshayo, njengoba ochwepheshe bengakwazi ukuhlola ngokushesha futhi baxazulule izinkinga zobuchwepheshe ngaphandle kokuxazulula inkinga bekude.
Kodwa-ke, ukwesekwa kwe-IT esizeni kungabiza kakhulu kunokwesekwa okukude, njengoba kuvame ukubandakanya izindleko ezengeziwe njengezindleko zokuhamba kanye nemishini yasendaweni. Ukuthola ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT abaqeqeshiwe eduze kwezakhiwo zebhizinisi nakho kungase kube inselele, ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi asezindaweni ezikude.
Ukusekelwa kwe-IT okukude
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwesekwa kwe-IT okude kuhilela ukusiza amabhizinisi asendaweni ekude. Lokhu kungenziwa ngocingo, i-imeyili, noma isofthiwe yedeskithophu ekude, okuvumela ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT ukuthi bafinyelele bekude futhi balawule amakhompyutha namadivayisi ebhizinisi.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zosekelo lwe-IT olukude ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ngaphandle kokuvakasha kwesayithi, amabhizinisi angonga ezindlekweni zokuhamba nezinye izindleko ezihlobene nosekelo lwesayithi. Ukwesekwa kwesilawuli kude nakho kuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu, njengoba amabhizinisi angakwazi ukufinyelela ukwesekwa kochwepheshe be-IT kungakhathaliseki ukuthi akuyiphi indawo.
Ukusekelwa kwe-IT yesilawuli kude kufanelekile ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi anokusetha okulula kobuchwepheshe okungaphathwa ukude. Futhi kuyinketho elula kumabhizinisi adinga ukwesekwa ngezikhathi ezithile noma anezidingo ezilinganiselwe ze-IT.
Kodwa-ke, ukusekelwa okukude kungase kungafaneleki emabhizinisini adinga usizo olusheshayo noma abe nokusethwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kobuchwepheshe obungakwazi ukuxazululwa ukude. Ukusungula uxhumano lomuntu siqu nochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT kungase kube inselele, njengoba ukusebenzelana kwenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngocingo noma nge-imeyili.
Lapho unquma phakathi kokusekelwa kwe-IT okukusayithi nokukude, kubalulekile ukucabangela izidingo ezithile nezidingo zebhizinisi lakho. Uma usekelo olusebenza ngokushesha ludingeka noma ukusethwa kobuchwepheshe bakho kuyinkimbinkimbi, ukwesekwa okusendaweni kungase kube inketho engcono. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukuphumelela kwezindleko nokuvumelana nezimo kuyizinto eziza kuqala, ukusekelwa okukude kungase kube ukukhetha okufanele kakhulu.
Ukukhetha umhlinzeki wosekelo we-IT olungile
Ukukhetha umhlinzeki wosekelo we-IT ofanele kubalulekile kumabhizinisi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi athola ukwesekwa nobungcweti ababudingayo. Njengoba kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo emakethe, kungase kube nzima ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT:
1. Ulwazi kanye Nobungcweti: Bheka umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT onomlando oqinisekisiwe kanye nolwazi oluningi embonini. Hlola iziqinisekiso zabo, izitifiketi, nezinkomba ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi banolwazi lokuphatha izidingo zakho zobuchwepheshe.
2. Uhlu Lwezinsizakalo: Cabangela izinsizakalo ezihlinzekwa umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT nokuthi ziyahambisana yini nezidingo zebhizinisi lakho. Qinisekisa ukuthi bangakunikeza izinsizakalo ezithile zosekelo lwe-IT ozidingayo, noma ngabe i-Hardware nesofthiwe yokuxazulula izinkinga, ukusethwa kwenethiwekhi nokugcinwa kahle, ukwenza isipele idatha nokutholwa, noma i-cybersecurity.
3. Isikhathi Sokuphendula Nokutholakala: Isikhathi sokuphumula singabiza amabhizinisi, ngakho ukukhetha umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT onganikeza usizo olusheshayo kubalulekile. Buza mayelana nesikhathi sabo sokuphendula, ukutholakala, nokuthi banikeza ukwesekwa okungu-24/7, ikakhulukazi uma ibhizinisi lakho lisebenza ngaphandle kwamahora avamile okusebenza noma linemisebenzi yamazwe ngamazwe.
4. Ukuqina: Izidingo zakho zobuchwepheshe zingashintsha njengoba ibhizinisi lakho likhula. Kubalulekile ukukhetha umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT ongakala izinsizakalo zakhe ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zakho ezithuthukayo. Cabangela ikhono labo lokusingatha ukukhula okuzayo, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha, futhi uvumelane nezimfuneko ezishintshayo zemakethe.
5. Izinyathelo Zokuvikela: I-Cybersecurity iyingxenye ebalulekile yokusekelwa kwe-IT. Qinisekisa ukuthi umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT unezinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile zokuvikela imininingwane yakho ebucayi ekusongweni kwe-inthanethi. Buza mayelana nendlela yabo yokuphepha kwedatha, okuhlanganisa ukubethela, izilawuli zokufinyelela, nokuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi.
6. Ukuxhumana Nokubambisana: Ukuxhumana okusebenzayo nokusebenzisana kubalulekile ebudlelwaneni obuyimpumelelo nomhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT. Cabangela iziteshi zabo zokuxhumana nokuthi bayahlinzeka yini ngezibuyekezo ezivamile mayelana nesimo sezicelo zosekelo. Linganisa ikhono labo lokusebenza ngokubambisana nethimba lakho langaphakathi le-IT noma abanye abathengisi.
7. Izindleko: Nakuba izindleko kungafanele kube yiyona kuphela into enqumayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukwakheka kwamanani nokuthi kuyahambisana yini nesabelomali sakho. Qhathanisa izindleko zabahlinzeki bosekelo be-IT abahlukene, ucabangela izinga labo lesevisi nobungcweti.
Ngokucabangela lezi zici nokwenza ucwaningo olunzulu, ungakhetha umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT ohlangabezana nezidingo zakho ezithile futhi aqinisekise ukusebenza kahle kwengqalasizinda yakho yobuchwepheshe.
I-IT isekela imikhuba namathiphu angcono kakhulu.
Ukuze wenze okuhle ngezinsizakalo zakho zokwesekwa kwe-IT futhi uqinisekise ubudlelwano bokusebenza obushelelayo nomhlinzeki wakho wosekelo lwe-IT, nazi izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu namathiphu okufanele uwakhumbule:
1. Idokhumenti futhi Ukhulume Nezinkinga: Lapho uhlangabezana nenkinga yezobuchwepheshe, ibhale ngokucacile futhi unikeze ulwazi oluningiliziwe kumhlinzeki wakho wosekelo lwe-IT. Bandakanya imilayezo yephutha efanele, izinyathelo zokukhiqiza kabusha inkinga, nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zakamuva noma izibuyekezo okungenzeka zicuphe inkinga. Ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo kuzosiza umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT ukuthi ahlonze futhi axazulule inkinga ngendlela efanele.
2. Yenza Ikhophi Yakamuva Yedatha: Sebenzisa isimiso esivamile sokulondoloza idatha ukuze uvikele imininingwane yakho ebalulekile ekulahlekeni. Sebenza nomhlinzeki wakho wosekelo lwe-IT ukuze unqume isisombululo sekhophi yasenqolobaneni esifanele kakhulu sebhizinisi lakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izipele ziyahlolwa futhi ziqinisekiswe njalo. Cabangela ukusebenzisa izinqubo zesipele ezizenzakalelayo ukuze unciphise ubungozi bephutha lomuntu.
3. Fundisa Abasebenzi: I-Cybersecurity iyisibopho esabiwe. Fundisa abasebenzi bakho ngokubaluleka kokuvikeleka kwedatha futhi unikeze uqeqesho ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphequlula okuphephile, ukuphathwa kwephasiwedi, nokuhlonza imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Khuthaza isiko lokuqwashisa nge-cybersecurity enhlanganweni yakho ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuphulwa kwedatha.
4. Hlala Unolwazi Lwakamuva: Njalo buyekeza isofthiwe yakho ne-hardware ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuphelele nokuvikeleka. Sebenza nomhlinzeki wakho wosekelo lwe-IT ukuze usungule inqubo yokuphatha isichibi ehlanganisa izibuyekezo ezivamile neziqephu zokuphepha zawo wonke ama-software ne-hardware. Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezitayela zakamuva zobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko ukuze uhlonze amathuba okuthuthukisa ibhizinisi.
5. Sungula Izivumelwano Zezinga Lesevisi (ama-SLA): Uma unezidingo ezithile zeleveli yesevisi, cabanga ngokusungula izivumelwano zeleveli yesevisi (ama-SLA) nawe Umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT. Ama-SLA achaza izikhathi zokuphendula ezilindelekile, izikhathi zokulungiswa, namanye amamethrikhi okusebenza, aqinisekisa ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi ziqonda ngokucacile izinga lesevisi elilindelwe.
6. Nikeza Ngempendulo: Nikeza njalo impendulo kumhlinzeki wakho wosekelo lwe-IT ukuze ubasize bathuthukise amasevisi abo. Yabelana ngesipiliyoni sakho esihle nesibi, futhi unikeze iziphakamiso zokuthuthukisa. Ukuxhumana okuvulekile nokwethembeka kubalulekile ekwakheni ubambiswano oluqinile nomhlinzeki wakho wosekelo lwe-IT.
Lezi zindlela ezingcono kakhulu namathiphu angathuthukisa amasevisi akho okusekela kwe-IT futhi aqinisekise ubudlelwano obushelelezi nobukhiqizayo bokusebenza nomhlinzeki wakho wosekelo lwe-IT.
Izindleko zokusekelwa kwe-IT
Izindleko zokwesekwa kwe-IT zingahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa usayizi webhizinisi, izinsizakalo ezithile zosekelo lwe-IT ezidingekayo, kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe elinikezwa umhlinzeki wosekelo lwe-IT. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile ezingaba nomthelela ezindlekweni zosekelo lwe-IT:
1. Usayizi Webhizinisi: Amabhizinisi amakhulu anokusetha kobuchwepheshe okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezidingo zosekelo eziphakeme angathola izindleko zosekelo ze-IT eziphakeme kunamabhizinisi amancane. Inombolo yamadivayisi, abasebenzisi, nezindawo okumele zisekelwe zingathinta zonke izindleko.
2. Izinsizakalo Zokusekela I-IT: Izinsizakalo ezithile zokwesekwa kwe-IT ibhizinisi elizidingayo zingaba nomthelela ezindlekweni. Isibonelo, amabhizinisi adinga izinyathelo ezithuthukisiwe ze-cybersecurity noma ukusekelwa kwesofthiwe okukhethekile angathola izindleko eziphakeme kunalawo anezidingo zosekelo eziyisisekelo.
3. Izidingo Zezinga Lesevisi: Amabhizinisi anezidingo zeleveli yesevisi eqinile, njengezikhathi zokuphendula ngokushesha noma ukusekelwa okungu-24/7, angase adinge ukutshala imali eyengeziwe ekusekelweni kwe-IT ukuze ahlangabezane nalezi zidingo. Izivumelwano zeleveli yesevisi (ama-SLA) nazo zingaba nomthelela ezindlekweni, njengoba zichaza izinga lesevisi elilindelwe futhi zingase zize nezindleko ezihlobene.
4. Ukwesekwa kwe-IT kwangaphakathi kwendlu vs. Amabhizinisi akhetha ukuba nendawo yangaphakathi
Usekelo lwe-IT lwamabhizinisi amancane.
Amabhizinisi amancane ngokuvamile anezinsiza ezilinganiselwe futhi angase angabi nasabelomali sokuqasha abasebenzi be-IT besikhathi esigcwele. Kodwa-ke, lokho akusho ukuthi bangakwazi ukukhokhela ukwesekwa kwe-IT. Ukwesekwa kwe-IT kubaluleke kakhulu kumabhizinisi amancane njengoba inkinga eyodwa yobuchwepheshe ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwawo.
1. Ukuxazulula izinkinga ngezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha nesofthiwe
Amabhizinisi amancane athembele kumakhompuyutha awo nakwamanye amadivaysi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Uma lawa madivayisi ehlangabezana nezinkinga, angaphazamisa ukuhamba komsebenzi futhi aholele ekulahlekeni kokukhiqiza. Ochwepheshe bokwesekwa kwe-IT bangahlonza futhi baxazulule izinkinga zehadiwe ne-software, baqinisekise ukuthi amabhizinisi amancane angasebenza kahle.
2. Ukusethwa Kwenethiwekhi Nokugcinwa
Ukumisa inethiwekhi ethembekile nevikelekile kubalulekile kumabhizinisi amancane. Ukusekelwa kwe-IT kungasiza amabhizinisi amancane aklame, afake, futhi agcine amanethiwekhi awo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusetha amarutha, ukulungisa ama-firewall, nokuqinisekisa izimiso ezifanele zokuphepha zenethiwekhi.
3. Isipele sedatha nokubuyiselwa
Ukulahleka kwedatha kungaba yinhlekelele kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi, ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi amancane angase angabi nazo izinsiza zokusimama ezigamekweni ezinjalo. Ukusekelwa kwe-IT kungasebenzisa izixazululo zokulondoloza ezigcina ngokuzenzakalelayo amakhophi edatha ebalulekile. Esimeni sokulahleka kwedatha, ukusekelwa kwe-IT kungabuyisela idatha ngokushesha, kunciphise isikhathi sokuphumula futhi kuqinisekise ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi.
Ukusekelwa kwe-IT kwezinhlangano ezinkulu.
Izinhlangano ezinkulu zivame ukuba nengqalasizinda ye-IT eyinkimbinkimbi, enamadivayisi amaningi, amaseva, namanethiwekhi adinga ukugadwa nokugcinwa njalo. Nansi indlela ukwesekwa kwe-IT okudlala ngayo indima ebalulekile ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu:
1. 24/7 Ukuqapha Nokusekela
Izinhlangano ezinkulu ngokuvamile zidinga ukuqapha ubusuku nemini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza nokuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zazo ze-IT. Ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT bangaqapha amanethiwekhi, amaseva, namadivayisi, bathole futhi baxazulule izinkinga ngaphambi kokuthi zibangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Ngokusekelwa okungu-24/7, izinhlangano zinganciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula futhi zigcine amazinga aphezulu okukhiqiza.
2. ICybersecurity
Izinhlangano ezinkulu yizona eziqondiswe kakhulu ezigebengwini ze-inthanethi ngenxa yedatha ebalulekile ezinayo. Ukwesekwa kwe-IT kungasebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze kuvikelwe ulwazi olubucayi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusetha izinqamuleli zomlilo, isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, namasistimu okuthola ukungena kanye nokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuvikela okuvamile.
3. Ukuhlelwa Nokuthuthukiswa Kwengqalasizinda ye-IT
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, siyanda nesidingo sokuthi izinhlangano zithuthukise ingqalasizinda yazo ye-IT. Ochwepheshe bokwesekwa kwe-IT bangahlola ingqalasizinda ekhona manje, bahlonze izindawo okufanele zithuthukiswe, futhi bahlele futhi basebenzise ukuthuthukiswa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlangano ezinkulu zihlala zinolwazi lwakamuva ngobuchwepheshe bamuva, ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokukhiqiza.
Isiphetho: Umthelela wosekelo lwe-IT empumelelweni yebhizinisi
Ezweni lanamuhla eliqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe, ukwesekwa kwe-IT akuseyona nje into ewubukhazikhazi - kuyisidingo. Amabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi athembele kubuchwepheshe ukuze asebenze kahle, futhi noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kungaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude. Ukusekelwa kwe-IT kunikeza ubuchwepheshe nezinsiza zokugcina ubuchwepheshe busebenza kahle, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi nempumelelo.
Kusukela emabhizinisini amancane kuya ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu, indima yokusekelwa kwe-IT ibalulekile. Ihlanganisa izinsiza eziningi, kusukela ekuxazululeni izinkinga zobuchwepheshe ukuya ekugcineni ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi nokusebenzisa izixazululo zokulondoloza idatha. Ngokutshala imali ekusekelweni kwe-IT, amabhizinisi angavimbela isikhathi sokuphumula, avikele ulwazi olubucayi, futhi ahlale ngaphambi komncintiswano.
Sengiphetha, ukuqonda ukwesekwa kwe-IT nokubaluleka kwayo kubalulekile emabhizinisini akusimo sedijithali samanje. Ngokubona ukubaluleka kokusekelwa kwe-IT nokusebenzisana nochwepheshe abanolwazi, izinkampani zingasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze zizuze futhi zithole impumelelo yesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, ungakushayi indiva ukubaluleka kokusekelwa kwe-IT - kuyisisekelo sebhizinisi elichumayo neliqinile enkathini yedijithali.
