Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, amabhizinisi abhekana nezinsongo ezikhulayo ze-inthanethi ezingafaka engozini idatha ebucayi futhi ziphazamise ukusebenza. Ukuze kuvikelwe lezi zingozi, izinkampani eziningi ziphendukela kumafemu okuhlola ezokuphepha ukuze zithole isiqondiso nokusekelwa kochwepheshe. Funda ngezinzuzo zokusebenza nalezi zingcweti ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ekuhlaselweni ku-inthanethi.
Thola Ubungozi Nezingozi.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokusebenza nge-a ukuhlolwa kokuphepha inkampani yikhono layo lokuhlonza ubuthakathaka nezingozi ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yedijithali yebhizinisi lakho. Laba ngcweti basebenzisa amathuluzi namasu ahlukahlukene ukuze bahlole amasistimu akho futhi bahlonze ubuthakathaka obungase busetshenziswe izigebengu ze-inthanethi. Ngokubhekana nalobu bungozi ngokuqhubekayo, unganciphisa ingcuphe yokuphulwa kwedatha noma okunye ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi futhi uvikele ulwazi olubucayi lwebhizinisi lakho.
Yakha Uhlelo Lokuphepha Oluphelele.
Ukusebenza nenkampani ehlola ukuvikeleka kungakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise uhlelo oluphelele lokuphepha lwebhizinisi lakho. Lolu hlelo kufanele lufake phakathi izinyathelo zokuvikela ingqalasizinda yakho yedijithali, njengezindonga zokuvikela, isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, namasistimu okuthola ukungena. Kufanele futhi ifake izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zabasebenzi, njengokuphathwa kwephasiwedi kanye nezivumelwano zokusekela ngokulondoloza idatha. Ngokuba nohlelo oluqinile lwezokuphepha endaweni, unganciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho likulungele ukuphendula ngokushesha nangempumelelo uma kwenzeka lephulwa kwezokuphepha.
Ukuqinisekisa Ukuthobela Imithetho kanye Namazinga.
Inkampani ehlola ukuphepha ingasiza futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho liyahambisana nemithetho nemigomo efanele. Ngokuya ngomkhakha wakho nendawo, kungase kube nemithetho ethile nemihlahlandlela okudingeka uyilandele ukuze uvikele idatha ebucayi futhi ugcine ubumfihlo bamakhasimende akho. Ukusebenza nenkampani ehlola ukuphepha kungakusiza ubone izikhala ekuthobeleni kwakho futhi uthuthukise isu lokubhekana nazo. Lokhu kungakuvumela ukuthi ugweme izinhlawulo ezibizayo nezindaba zomthetho.
Thuthukisa Ukuqwashisa Kwabasebenzi Nokuqeqeshwa.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokusebenza nenkampani ehlola ukuphepha ukuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Izinsongo eziningi ze-inthanethi zibangelwa amaphutha omuntu, njengokuchofoza i-imeyili yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi noma ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo angaqinile. Unganciphisa ubungozi balezi zinhlobo zezigameko ngokunikeza abasebenzi bakho ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kanye nemfundo ngemikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Ukwengeza, inkampani ehlola ukuphepha ingakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise futhi usebenzise uhlelo lokuqeqesha olusebenzayo oluhambisana nezidingo eziqondile zebhizinisi lakho.
Hlala Ngaphambi Kwezinsongo Ezivelayo.
Izinsongo ze-Cyber zihlala zivela futhi ziba yinkimbinkimbi, okwenza kube semqoka ukuthi amabhizinisi ahlale phambili. Inkampani ehlola ukuphepha ingahlinzeka ngolwazi lwakamuva ngezinsongo ezivelayo futhi ikusize usebenzise izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuvikela ibhizinisi lakho. Ukusebenza nochwepheshe kulo mkhakha kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho lihlala lihamba phambili kunezigebengu ze-inthanethi nabalingisi abanonya. Ngakho-ke thatha isikhathi sakho - tshala enkampanini ehlola ukuphepha namuhla ukuze uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi.
Umhlahlandlela Wokugcina Wokuhlola Ukuvikeleka: Uyigcina Kanjani Idatha Yakho Iphephile
Esikhathini sedijithali, idatha iwumgogodla wempilo yamabhizinisi. Kusukela kulwazi lwekhasimende kuye kumarekhodi ezezimali, ukugcina ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka kwale datha sekuyinto ehamba phambili. Njengoba izinsongo ze-cybersecurity zikhuphuka, izinhlangano kufanele zihlole njalo ukuphepha ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi idatha yazo ihlala iphephile.
"Umhlahlandlela Wokugcina Wokuhlola Ukuvikeleka: Ungayigcina Kanjani Idatha Yakho Iphephile" inikeza umbono obanzi wokubaluleka kokuhlolwa kokuphepha futhi inikeza amathiphu asebenzayo okuvikela ulwazi lwakho olubucayi. Noma ngabe ungumnikazi webhizinisi elincane noma uchwepheshe we-IT, lo mhlahlandlela uzokuhlomisa ngolwazi namathuluzi okuvikela idatha yakho ngempumelelo.
Besebenzisa amasu ahamba phambili embonini nezindlela ezihamba phambili, ochwepheshe bethu bangena ekuhloleni ukuphepha, okuhlanganisa ukuskena kokuba sengozini, ukuhlolwa kokungena, nokulawulwa kobungozi. Zitholele ukuthi ungabona kanjani ubuthakathaka obungaba khona ezinhlelweni zakho, uhlole ukuphumelela kwezinyathelo zakho zokuphepha, futhi uthuthukise isu lokuvikela eliqinile.
Ungavumeli idatha yakho ebalulekile iwele ezandleni ezingalungile. Hlala isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi ngomhlahlandlela wethu ophelele wokuhlola ukuphepha.
Ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kokuphepha
Esimeni sanamuhla sedijithali, lapho izinsongo ze-inthanethi zivela njalo, izinhlangano azikwazi ukunganaki mayelana nokuphepha kwedatha. Ukuhlola ukuphepha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlonzeni ubuthakathaka kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwezinyathelo ezikhona zokuphepha. Ngokwenza ukuhlola okuvamile, amabhizinisi angakwazi ukubona ngokuqhubekayo ubuthakathaka obungase bube khona futhi athathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze aqinise ukuma kwawo kokuphepha.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuhlola ukuphepha ukuthi zinikeza izinhlangano ukuqonda okucacile kwendawo yazo yokuphepha yamanje. Amabhizinisi angathola imininingwane ngenethiwekhi yawo, uhlelo lokusebenza, ukuphepha ngokomzimba, kanye nedatha ngokwenza ukuhlola okuphelele. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni isu lokuvikela eliqinile nokuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yabo iyimfihlo, ubuqotho, nokutholakala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha kusiza izinhlangano ukuthi zithobele imithetho nezindinganiso zomkhakha. Izimboni eziningi, njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nezezimali, zinezidingo ezithile zokuthobela izinhlangano okufanele zihlangabezane nazo. Ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuvamile kuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhizinisi ahlala ethobela futhi agwema izinhlawulo noma izinkinga zomthetho.
Kafushane, ukuhlolwa kokuvikela kubalulekile kunoma yiliphi isu eliphelele lokuvikela idatha. Izinhlangano zingakwazi ukubona ubungozi, zihlole izinyathelo zokuphepha, futhi zivikele idatha yazo ngokuqhubekayo ngokwenza ukuhlola okuvamile.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuhlola ukuphepha
Ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kuza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ngakunye kugxile ezicini ezahlukahlukene zengqalasizinda yezokuphepha yenhlangano. Ake sihlole izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuhlola ukuphepha okwenziwa amabhizinisi:
Ihlola Ukuphepha Kwenethiwekhi
Ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kwenethiwekhi kugxile ekuhloleni ukuphepha kwengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yenhlangano. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlonza ubungozi obungase bube khona kumadivayisi enethiwekhi, njengamarutha, amaswishi, nama-firewall, nokuhlola ukusebenza kokuqapha kwenethiwekhi namasistimu okuthola ukungena.
Phakathi nokuhlolwa kokuphepha kwenethiwekhi, uchwepheshe uzoskena ngokugcwele inethiwekhi yenhlangano, abheke ubungozi kanye nokungalungiselelwa kahle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlola amaphasiwedi abuthakathaka, izimbobo ezivulekile, ne-firmware ephelelwe yisikhathi. Ukwengeza, ukuhlola kungase kuhlanganise ukulingisa ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okuhlukahlukene ukuze kuvivinywe ukuqina kwenethiwekhi kuzimo ezihlukahlukene ezisongelayo.
Okutholwe ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kwenethiwekhi kungasiza izinhlangano zibone izindawo ezinobuthakathaka futhi zithathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuvikela ingqalasizinda yazo yenethiwekhi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuba sengozini kokuchibiyela, ukubuyekeza i-firmware, noma ukusebenzisa izilawuli zokuphepha ezengeziwe.
Ukuhlola Ukuphepha Kohlelo Lokusebenza
Ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kohlelo lokusebenza kugxile ekuhloleni ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe yenhlangano. Lokhu kuhlanganisa kokubili izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithuthukiswe ngaphakathi kanye nezicelo zezinkampani zangaphandle ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwenhlangano.
Ochwepheshe bahlaziya ikhodi yohlelo lokusebenza, ukwakheka, nokucushwa phakathi nokuhlolwa kokuphepha kohlelo lokusebenza ukuze kuhlonzwe ubungozi obungaba khona. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukubuyekezwa kwekhodi mathupha, amathuluzi okuskena okuzenzakalelayo, nokuhlola ukungena. Umgomo uwukuthola ubungozi abahlaseli abangasebenzisa ukuze bathole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma benze idatha ebucayini.
Ukuba sengozini okujwayelekile ukuhlolwa kokuvikela kohlelo lokusebenza okuhloswe ukukukhomba kufaka phakathi umjovo we-SQL, umbhalo we-cross-site scripting (XSS), izindlela zokuqinisekisa ezingavikelekile, kanye nokugcinwa kwedatha okungavikelekile. Ngokudalula lobu bungozi, izinhlangano zingathatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze zibulungise futhi ziqinisekise ukuvikeleka kwezicelo zazo.
Ukuhlola Ukuvikeleka Okungokomzimba
Yize izinsongo zedijithali zivame ukuthatha obala, ukuphepha ngokomzimba kubalulekile ngokufanayo ekuvikeleni idatha yenhlangano. Ukuhlolwa kokuvikeleka ngokomzimba kuhlola izinyathelo ezibonakalayo zokuvikela ulwazi olubucayi nengqalasizinda.
Ochwepheshe bahlola izici ezihlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokuhlola ukuphepha ngokomzimba, okuhlanganisa izilawuli zokufinyelela, amasistimu okuqapha, nezilawuli zemvelo. Bangase babuyekeze izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha, bahlole imigoqo ebonakalayo, futhi bahlole ukuphumelela kwabasebenzi bezokuphepha.
Izinhlangano zingakwazi ukubona ubuthakathaka ezinyathelweni zazo zokuphepha ngokomzimba futhi zenze ukuthuthukiswa okudingekayo ngokwenza ukuhlola kokuphepha ngokomzimba. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuthuthukiswa kwezilawuli zokufinyelela, ukufaka amakhamera okuqapha, noma ukuthuthukisa ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi kumaphrothokholi okuphepha.
Ukuhlola Ukuphepha Kwedatha
Ukuhlolwa kokuvikela idatha kugxile ekuhloleni ukuvikeleka kwedatha yenhlangano kuwo wonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlola ukugcinwa kwedatha, ukudluliswa, kanye nezinqubo zokulahla ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo nobuqotho bolwazi olubucayi.
Ochwepheshe bahlaziya izici ezihlukahlukene phakathi nokuhlolwa kokuphepha kwedatha, njengokubethelwa kwedatha, izilawuli zokufinyelela, izinqubo zokulondoloza idatha, nezinqubomgomo zokugcinwa kwedatha. Umgomo uwukuvikela idatha ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ekulahlekeni, noma ekuntshontshweni.
Izinhlangano zingakwazi ukuhlonza ubungozi emisebenzini yazo yokuvikela idatha futhi zisebenzise izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze zivikele ulwazi lwazo olubucayi ngokwenza ukuhlola kokuphepha kwedatha. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokubethela, ukuqinisa izilawuli zokufinyelela, noma ukuthuthukisa ikhophi yedatha nezinqubo zokuthola kabusha.
Ihlola ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi
Ukuhlola ukuphepha kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokwenza. Izinhlangano kufanele zilandele izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlola futhi zandise izinzuzo zako. Ake sihlole ezinye izinqubo ezibalulekile zokwenza ukuhlola kokuphepha:
1. Chaza izinjongo ezicacile kanye nobubanzi
Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha, ukuchaza izinjongo ezicacile kanye nobubanzi kubalulekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlonza lokho ofuna ukukuzuza ngokuhlaziya nokunquma amasistimu, izinhlelo zokusebenza, noma izinqubo ezifakwe ekuhloleni. Ukuchaza izinjongo ezicacile kanye nobubanzi kusiza ukugxila emizamweni yokuhlola futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izindawo ezibucayi ziyahlanganiswa.
2. Bandakanya ababambiqhaza
Ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kubandakanya ababambiqhaza abaningi, okuhlanganisa amaqembu e-IT, abanikazi bamabhizinisi, nabaphathi abakhulu. Ukuxhumana nalaba ababambiqhaza kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwesekwa kwabo kanye nokuthenga kwabo. Ukuhlanganyela ababambiqhaza kusiza ekwakheni ukuqonda okwabiwe ngokubaluleka kokuhlola futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi izinsiza ezidingekayo ziyabiwa.
3. Sebenzisa inhlanganisela yamathuluzi azenzakalelayo nokuhlola okwenziwa ngesandla
Lapho wenza ukuhlola kokuphepha, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi azenzakalelayo nokuhlola mathupha. Amathuluzi azenzakalelayo angasiza ukukhomba ubungozi obuvamile ngokushesha, kuyilapho ukuhlola okwenziwa mathupha kuvumela ukuhlaziya okujulile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ezingokwezifiso. Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zindlela, izinhlangano zingakwazi ukwembula ubungozi obuningi futhi ziqinisekise ukufakwa okuphelele.
4. Bhala okutholakele futhi ubeke phambili ukulungisa
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuvikeleka, kubalulekile ukubhala konke okutholiwe futhi ubeke phambili imizamo yokulungisa ngokusekelwe ebucayini bayo. Lokhu kusiza izinhlangano ukuthi zigxilise izinsiza zazo ekubhekaneni nobuthakathaka obubaluleke kakhulu kuqala. Ukwengeza, ukubika okutholakele kunikeza isisekelo sokuhlola okuzayo futhi kusiza ukulandelela inqubekelaphambili.
5. Hlala uqaphe futhi ubuyekeze izinyathelo zokuphepha
Ukuhlolwa kokuphepha akufanele kuthathwe njengomcimbi wesikhathi esisodwa. Izinhlangano kufanele zihlale ziqapha futhi zibuyekeze izindlela zazo zokuphepha ukuze zigcine ukuma okuqinile kokuphepha. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuskena ubungozi okuvamile, ukuhlolwa kokungena, nokuqeqeshwa kokuqwashisa abasebenzi ngokuvikeleka. Izinhlangano zingathola futhi zibhekane nokuba sengozini ngokuhlala zimatasa ngaphambi kokuba zixhashazwe.
Ukuhlola ukuphepha kohlelo lokusebenza
Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi ahlukahlukene nobuchwepheshe. Ake sihlole amanye amathuluzi abalulekile kanye nobuchwepheshe obungasiza izinhlangano zenze ukuhlola okusebenzayo kokuphepha:
Izikena zokuba sengozini
Izikena zobungozi zingamathuluzi azenzakalelayo askena amanethiwekhi, amasistimu, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngobungozi obaziwayo. Lezi zikena zingakwazi ukuhlonza ukungalungiseki okuvamile, izinguqulo zesofthiwe eziphelelwe yisikhathi, namaphasiwedi abuthakathaka. Ngokuhlola njalo ubungozi, izinhlangano zingakhomba ngokuqhubekayo futhi zibhekane nobuthakathaka obungaba khona kungqalasizinda yazo.
Amathuluzi Okuhlola Ukungena
Amathuluzi okuhlola ukungena alingisa ukuhlasela kwe-cyber emhlabeni wangempela ukuze kuhlolwe ukuphepha kwamasistimu nezinhlelo zokusebenza zenhlangano. Lawa mathuluzi azama ukuxhaphaza ubungozi futhi athole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe ukuze ahlole ukusebenza kwezinyathelo ezikhona zokuphepha. Ngokwenza izivivinyo zokungena, izinhlangano zingakwazi ukubona ubungozi amathuluzi azenzakalelayo angase aphuthelwe futhi zihlole amandla azo okumelana nokuhlasela komhlaba wangempela.
Ulwazi Lokuphepha Nokuphathwa Kwemicimbi (SIEM) Systems
Amasistimu e-SIEM aqoqa futhi ahlaziye izehlakalo zokuphepha ezivela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, njengezicishamlilo, amasistimu okuthola ukungena kwe-intrusion, nesofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane. Lezi zinhlelo zisiza izinhlangano ukuhlonza izigameko zokuphepha ezingaba khona futhi ziphendule kuzo ngokushesha. Ngokuhlanganisa idatha yomcimbi wokuphepha, amasistimu e-SIEM anikeza izinhlangano umbono ophelele wokuma kwazo kokuphepha kanye nokusiza ekutholeni izinsongo ezingaba khona.
I-Web Application Firewalls (WAFs)
Ama-firewall ezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu avikela izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ezingozini ezivamile, njengomjovo we-SQL nokuhlaselwa kwemibhalo enqamula indawo. Lawa ma-firewall ahlaziya ithrafikhi yewebhu engenayo futhi avimbe izicelo ezinonya, aqinisekise ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu zihlala zivikelekile. Ngokusebenzisa i-WAF, izinhlangano zingangeza ukuvikelwa kwesendlalelo ezinhlelweni zazo zewebhu futhi zinciphise ubungozi bokuba sengozini okuvamile.
Ukuhlola ukuphepha ngokomzimba
Nakuba ezinye izinhlangano zingase zibe nekhono langaphakathi lokwenza ukuhlola kokuphepha, ezinye zingakhetha ukuqasha inkampani ehlola ukuphepha. Ukuqasha inkampani yochwepheshe kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa:
Ubungcweti Nesipiliyoni
Amafemu ochwepheshe abahlola ukuphepha anobuchwepheshe obuningi kanye nolwazi lokuqhuba ukuhlola kuzo zonke izimboni nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene. Bajwayelene nezinsongo zakamuva nokuba sengozini kanye nemikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuvikela idatha. Izinhlangano zingasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bazo ukuze ziqinisekise ukuhlolwa okuphelele nangempumelelo ngokuqasha inkampani yochwepheshe.
Umsebenzi
Inkampani yokuhlola ukuphepha yangaphandle ihlinzeka ngombono wenhloso mayelana nokuma kokuphepha kwenhlangano. Abathonywa ukuchema kwangaphakathi noma imibono ecatshangwe ngaphambili, okubavumela ukuthi babone ubungozi amaqembu angaphakathi angase angabunaki. Lokhu kucabangela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuhlola okuphelele kanye nezincomo ezingachemile zokuthuthukisa.
Ukusebenza Kwensiza
Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuvikeleka kudinga isikhathi esibalulekile nezisetshenziswa. Izinhlangano zingakhulula izinsiza zazo zangaphakathi ngokuqasha inkampani yochwepheshe ukuthi igxile kweminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Amafemu anokuhlangenwe nakho anamathuluzi, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwenza ukuhlola kahle, konga izinhlangano isikhathi nomzamo.
Lapho uqasha inkampani ehlola ukuphepha, kubalulekile ukucabangela isithunzi sayo, izitifiketi, kanye nerekhodi layo. Bheka amafemu anezitifiketi ezifanele zemboni, njenge-Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) noma I-Ethical Hacker eqinisekisiwe (CEH). Ukwengeza, cabangela isipiliyoni sabo semboni kanye nekhono lokulungisa ukuhlolwa ngokwezidingo zakho.
Ukuhlola ukuphepha kwedatha
Sengiphetha, ukuphepha kwedatha kubaluleke kakhulu endaweni yanamuhla yedijithali. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuvikela kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ubungozi, kuhlolwe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhona, futhi kuthuthukiswe isu lokuvikela eliqinile. Izinhlangano zingakwazi ukuvikela idatha yazo ekusongelweni kwe-inthanethi ngokuhlola inethiwekhi, uhlelo lokusebenza, ngokomzimba, nokuphepha kwedatha.
Ukulandela izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuhlola ukuphepha, ukusebenzisa amathuluzi afanele nobuchwepheshe, nokucabangela ukuqasha inkampani yokuhlola echwepheshile kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokuhlola. Ukuvikeleka kwedatha kuwumzamo oqhubekayo, futhi izinhlangano kufanele zihlale ziqapha futhi zibuyekeze izindlela zazo zokuphepha ukuze zihlale zihamba ngesinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwezinsongo ezivelayo.
Ngokuhlala ziqaphile futhi zikhuthele, izinhlangano zingagcina idatha yazo ebalulekile iphephile futhi zigcine ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende abo nababambiqhaza. Ungavumeli inhlangano yakho ibe esinye isisulu sobugebengu be-inthanethi. Thatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze uvikele idatha yakho futhi uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ekulimaleni.
Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza ukuhlola kokuphepha
Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, idatha iwumgogodla wamabhizinisi. Kusukela kulwazi lwekhasimende kuye kumarekhodi ezezimali, ukuvikela le datha sekuyinto ehamba phambili. Kodwa uqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi idatha yakho ihlala ivikelekile? Impendulo ilele ekuhloleni ukuphepha okuvamile.
Ukuhlola ukuphepha kuyinqubo ebalulekile esiza izinhlangano zihlonze ubungozi obungaba khona ezinhlelweni zazo futhi zihlole ukuphumelela kwezinyathelo zazo zokuphepha. Ngokwenza lokhu kuhlola, ungahlala isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi futhi uvikele idatha yakho ebalulekile.
Kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezihilelekile ekuhloleni ukuphepha kwedatha. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhomba uhlobo lwedatha okudingeka uyivikele. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ulwazi lwekhasimende, izimfihlo zohwebo, noma amarekhodi ezezimali. Uma usuhlonze uhlobo lwedatha, unganquma izinga lokuphepha elidingekayo.
Okulandelayo, udinga ukuhlola isimo samanje sezinyathelo zakho zokuphepha. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola izivumelwano zakho zokuphepha ezikhona, ezifana nezindonga zokuvikela, isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, nezindlela zokubethela. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zisesikhathini futhi ziyasebenza ekuvikeleni idatha yakho kubalulekile.
Okokugcina, udinga ukuhlaziya amasistimu akho ukuze uhlonze ubungozi obungaba khona ngokugcwele. Lokhu kungenziwa ngamasu afana nokuskena ubungozi kanye nokuhlola ukungena. Lezi zindlela zikusiza ukuthi ubone ubuthakathaka ezinhlelweni zakho izigebengu ze-inthanethi ezingase zisebenziseke.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, ungakwazi ukuqonda ngokugcwele ukuphepha kwedatha yakho futhi uthuthukise isu lokuvikela ulwazi olubucayi.
Amathuluzi nobuchwepheshe bokuhlola ukuphepha
Manje njengoba usuqonda ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kokuvikela, ake singene kwezinye izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuzenza.
1. Dala uhlelo olubanzi: Uhlelo olunemininingwane ebalulekile lubalulekile ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha. Lolu hlelo kufanele luveze izinjongo zokuhlola, ububanzi, nomugqa wesikhathi. Kufanele futhi ikhombe amathuluzi namasu azosetshenziswa.
2. Bandakanya ababambiqhaza ababalulekile: Ukuhlola ukuphepha akufanele kubekwe eceleni. Ababambiqhaza ababalulekile, njenge Ochwepheshe be-IT, abanikazi bedatha, nabaphathi, kufanele babambe iqhaza enqubweni yokuhlola. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu usekhasini elifanayo futhi anganikela ngobuchule bakhe.
3. Sebenzisa amathuluzi namasu ahamba phambili embonini: Lapho wenza ukuhlola kokuphepha, kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa izindlela ezithuthuke kakhulu ukuhlonza ubungozi futhi uhlole ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zakho zokuphepha.
4. Beka phambili ubuthakathaka: Akubona bonke ubungozi obudalwa bulingana. Kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ubungozi ngokusekelwe kumthelela wabo ongaba khona ekuvikelekeni kwedatha yakho. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unikeze izinsiza zakho ngempumelelo futhi ubhekane nobuthakathaka obubaluleke kakhulu kuqala.
5. Hlala ubuyekeza izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha: Izinsongo ze-Cyber zihlala zivela, ngakho ukuzibuyekeza njalo kubalulekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubuyekeza isofthiwe yakho yesivikeli-magciwane, ukuchibiyela ubungozi, nokusebenzisa izindlela zakamuva zokubethela.
Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili, ungenza ukuhlola kokuvikela okusebenzayo okukusiza ukuthi ubone ubungozi futhi uvikele idatha yakho.
Ukuqasha inkampani yokuhlola ezokuphepha
Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene. Ake sihlole ezinye ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.
1. Izikena zokubeka engcupheni: Izikena zokuba sengozini zingamathuluzi azenzakalelayo askena amasistimu akho ukuze athole ubungozi obaziwayo. Lawa mathuluzi ahlonza ubuthakathaka bokuphepha izigebengu ze-inthanethi ezingase zisebenziseke, njengezinguqulo zesofthiwe eziphelelwe yisikhathi noma izilungiselelo ezingalungiselelwe kahle.
2. Amathuluzi okuhlola ukungena: Amathuluzi okuhlola ukungena alingisa ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi komhlaba wangempela ukuze kuhlonzwe ubungozi kumasistimu akho. Lawa mathuluzi akusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi umhlaseli angaxhaphaza kanjani amasistimu akho futhi akunikeze imininingwane ebalulekile yokuthuthukisa izilinganiso zokuphepha.
3. Amasistimu olwazi lwezokuphepha kanye nokuphathwa kwemicimbi (SIEM): Amasistimu e-SIEM aqoqa futhi ahlaziye idatha yelogi emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, njengezinqamuleli zomlilo, isofthiwe yokulwa namagciwane, namasistimu okuthola ukungena. Lawa masistimu akusiza ukuthi uthole futhi uphendule izehlakalo zokuphepha ngesikhathi sangempela.
4. Amathuluzi okubhala ngemfihlo: Amathuluzi okubhala ngemfihlo akusiza ukuthi uvikele idatha yakho ngokuyiguqulela kufomethi engafundeki. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe idatha yakho isengozini, abantu abangagunyaziwe abakwazi ukuyifinyelela.
5. Izinhlaka zokuhlola ukuvikeleka: Izinhlaka zokuhlola ukuphepha zihlinzeka ngendlela ehlelekile yokwenza ukuhlola kokuphepha. Lezi zinhlaka, njenge-NIST Cybersecurity Framework, zikusiza ukuthi uhlole futhi uthuthukise ukuma kwakho kokuvikeleka.
Ngokusebenzisa lawa mathuluzi nobuchwepheshe, ungathuthukisa ukuphumelela kokuhlolwa kwakho kokuvikela futhi uvikele idatha yakho ngempumelelo kakhulu.
10: Isiphetho
Nakuba ukuhlola ukuphepha endlini kungaba yinzuzo, kunezimo lapho ukuqasha inkampani yokuhlola ukuphepha kuyinketho engcono kakhulu. Ake sihlole ezinye zezizathu zokuthi kungani ungacabanga ukukhipha ukuhlola kwakho kokuvikela.
1. Ubungcweti: Amafemu ochwepheshe abahlola ukuphepha anobuchwepheshe obuningi ekuhloleni nasekuhlonzeni ubungozi. Banokufinyelela kumathuluzi namasu akamuva futhi bangakunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha kwedatha yakho.
2. Umbono wenhloso: Amafemu okuhlola ukuvikeleka kwangaphandle anikeza umbono oqondile ekuvikelekeni kwedatha yakho. Bangakwazi ukubona izindawo ezingaba yizimpumputhe futhi batuse ukuthuthukisa izindlela zakho zokuphepha.
3. Isikhathi nezinsiza: Ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kudinga isikhathi nezinsiza. Ukukhipha lo msebenzi enkampanini yochwepheshe kukuvumela ukuthi ukhulule izinsiza zakho zangaphakathi futhi ugxile kwezinye izinhlelo zamasu.
4. Izidingo zokuthobelana: Ezinye izimboni, njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nezezimali, zinezidingo ezithile zokuthobelana zokuvikela idatha. Izinkampani ezihlola ukuphepha ezichwepheshile ziziqonda ngokujulile lezi zidingo futhi zingaqinisekisa ukuthi inhlangano yakho ihlala ithobela.
Lapho uqasha inkampani ehlola ukuphepha, kubalulekile ukucabangela amarekhodi ayo, izitifiketi, nobufakazi bamakhasimende. Ngokukhetha ifemu enedumela elihle, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlola kwakho ukuphepha kwenziwa ngezinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe.
