Gcina ikhompuyutha yakho ivikelekile ngalo mhlahlandlela obanzi wokuphepha kwekhompyutha. Funda ukuthi iyini nokuthi ungayivikela kanjani idatha yakho ekuhlaselweni okunonya.
Kule minyaka yedijithali, ukugcina ikhompuyutha yakho ivikelekile kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Ukuphepha kwekhompyutha kusho izinyathelo ezithathiwe ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kudatha yakho nokuvikela idivayisi yakho ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi. Ukuntuleka kokuvikeleka kwekhompuyutha kungakushiya usengozini yezigebengu ze-inthanethi, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, ukuntshontshwa kobunikazi, neminye imisebenzi enonya. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizohlola ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuphepha kwekhompyutha futhi unikeze amathiphu okuthi ungalugcina kanjani ulwazi lwakho luphephile.
Ukuqonda Ukuvikeleka Kwekhompyutha: Kuyini?
Ukuphepha kwekhompuyutha kuyisethi yemikhuba, ubuchwepheshe, nemithethonqubo eqinisekisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwedatha, ubuqotho, nokutholakala kukhompyutha noma inethiwekhi. Ivikela idivayisi yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukusetshenziswa, ukuveza ulwazi, ukuphazamiseka, ukuguqulwa, noma ukonakaliswa. Ukufeza lo mgomo, izinyathelo zokuphepha zekhompuyutha kufanele zisetshenziswe kuwo wonke amazinga esistimu, okuhlanganisa izingxenye zehadiwe nesofthiwe nokuziphatha komsebenzisi. Umgomo omkhulu uwukuvimbela ukuhlasela okunonya okuhloselwe ukweba idatha yakho noma ukulimaza isistimu yekhompyutha yakho.
Izivikelo zokuphepha zekhompyutha
Ukuphepha kwekhompyutha kuvikela ikhompuyutha yakho kanye nedatha yayo ekuntshontshweni, emonakalweni, ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, noma kwezinye izenzo ezinonya. Kubandakanya amasu ahlukene, ubuchwepheshe, nezinqubo zokuvikela ulwazi lomuntu siqu.
Ukuphepha kwekhompyutha kubalulekile esikhathini samanje sedijithali. Ngolwazi olubucayi olukhulayo olugcinwa ku-inthanethi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yakho ivikelekile futhi ivikelekile ekuhlaselweni okunonya kubalulekile. Ukuphepha kwekhompuyutha kuhlanganisa amasu nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izindonga zokuvikela, isofthiwe ye-antivirus, ukubethela, nokuphathwa kwephasiwedi. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo nokuhlala uqaphile mayelana nezinsongo ezingaba khona kanye nokuba sengozini, ungagcina ikhompuyutha yakho nedatha yayo ebalulekile iphephile ekulimaleni.
Izinhlobo Zezinsongo Zokuvikeleka Kwekhompyutha.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinsongo zokuphepha zekhompyutha okufanele uziqaphele ukuze uvikele idatha yakho. Uhlobo olulodwa oluvamile uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, oluhlanganisa amagciwane, izikelemu, namahhashi e-Trojan. Lezi zinhlelo ezinonya zingalimaza noma zebe idatha yakho futhi zonakalise ukuphepha kwekhompyutha yakho. Olunye usongo ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, okubandakanya ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi ukuthi baveze ulwazi olubucayi olufana namagama ayimfihlo noma izinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu ngama-imeyili noma amawebhusayithi mbumbulu. Ezinye izinsongo zihlanganisa ukugetshengwa, ukwebiwa komazisi, kanye nokuhlaselwa kokuphikwa kwenkonzo. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale unolwazi mayelana nalezi zinsongo ukuze uthathe izinyathelo zokuzinqanda ukuthi zenzeke kuwe.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinsongo ezingabeka ikhompyutha yakho engcupheni.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi amagciwane, izikelemu, izinhloli, i-adware, ama-trojan, noma imikhonyovu yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ngayinye inendlela ehlukile yokuhlasela kanye nokufaka engozini ukuphepha kohlelo lwakho.
Ukuphepha kwekhompyutha kuyisici esibalulekile sekhompuyutha yesimanje. Ivikela idatha kanye nolwazi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ukwebiwa, noma umonakalo. Ngeshwa, izinsongo eziningi zokuphepha zekhompuyutha zingafaka engozini idatha yakho yomuntu siqu noma yebhizinisi, okuhlanganisa amagciwane, izikelemu, izinhloli, i-adware, ama-trojan, noma imikhonyovu yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Lezi zinsongo zingasetshenziselwa ukweba ulwazi olubucayi olufana namagama-mfihlo nezinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu noma ukulawula isistimu yakho. Ukuze uzivikele kulokhu kuhlaselwa, kufanele ubuyekeze isofthiwe yakho futhi usebenzise isofthiwe elwa ne-malware ukuze ubone futhi ususe izinhlelo ezinonya ngaphambi kokuba zidale noma yimuphi umonakalo.
Uyivikela Kanjani Ikhompyutha Yakho.
Ukuvikela ikhompuyutha yakho ezinsongweni zokuphepha kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kwedatha yakho yomuntu siqu neyebhizinisi. Nazi izinyathelo ezilula ongazithatha ngokushesha:
1. Faka isivikeli magciwane esinedumela elihle kanye nesofthiwe yohlelo olungayilungele ikhompyutha.
2. Gcina isofthiwe yakho isesikhathini samanje ngeziqephu zokuphepha zakamuva.
3. Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, ahlukile kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti akho futhi uwashintshe njalo.
4. Qaphela lapho ulanda noma uvula izinanyathiselwa emithonjeni engaziwa.
5. Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili ukuze uthole ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe kwama-akhawunti abucayi.
6. Sebenzisa inethiwekhi yangasese ebonakalayo (VPN) lapho ufinyelela amanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi.
7. Gcina idatha ebalulekile njalo ukuze uvikele ekulahlekeni noma ekuntshontshweni.
Ngokulandela lawa macebiso, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokwephulwa kwezokuphepha futhi ugcine ikhompuyutha yakho nolwazi lomuntu siqu luphephile ekulimaleni.
