Qhubeka nomhlaba wedijithali olokhu uvela ngokuthola izixazululo ezintsha kakhulu zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Bese ufunda umhlahlandlela wethu wokugcina ukuze uzivikele ekuhlaselweni okunonya!
Ukuhlala uvikelekile ku-inthanethi kuya ngokuya kuba ubuqili njengoba izigebengu ze-inthanethi ziba yinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze uhlale ngesinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi komdlalo, ukuqonda izixazululo zakamuva zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile ukukusiza ukukuvikela ekuhlaselweni okunonya. Lo mhlahlandlela wokugcina uhlola izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zokusiza ukugcina idatha yakho namasistimu ephephile ekulimaleni.
Tshala Ezixazululweni Zokuqapha Usongo.
Izixazululo zokuqapha usongo zibalulekile ku-cybersecurity. Basiza ukulandelela, ukuvimba, nokuphatha ukuhlasela ngesikhathi sangempela futhi banikeze imibiko enemininingwane yomsebenzi onobungozi. Lezi zixazululo zihlala ziqapha wonke umsebenzi kunethiwekhi yakho, okusiza ukuhlonza izinsongo ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zenze noma yimuphi umonakalo omkhulu. Ukwengeza, banikeza ikhono lokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuphendula ezizenzakalelayo ezingavala ngokushesha imisebenzi enonya kumathrekhi abo.
Sebenzisa amasu okuphatha ubungozi.
Ukuphathwa kobungozi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezixazululo ze-cybersecurity. Leli su lisiza ukuhlonza, ukuqapha, kanye nokulungisa noma yibuphi ubuthakathaka obungaba khona kumasistimu noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zakho. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufeza lokhu ukusebenzisa amathuluzi azenzakalelayo askena ubungozi njalo. Lawa mathuluzi azobe esexwayisa abalawuli uma kunokusongela ukuze bakwazi ukulungisa ngokushesha noma yiziphi izinkinga ezitholakele futhi bavimbele ukulimala okwengeziwe.
Sebenzisa Ukuphepha Okuzenzakalelayo.
Amathuluzi okuphepha azenzakalelayo angakusiza ukuthi uhambisane nezixazululo zakamuva ze-cybersecurity ngoba angathola futhi avikele ekuhlaselweni okunonya ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuphepha azenzakalelayo kuzokuvumela futhi ukuthi uhlale ngaphambi kwabaduni ngoba kungahlala kuqaphe amasistimu nezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ukuze kubonakale ubungozi futhi kufakwe nezichibiyelo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Sebenzisa Amaqhinga Okubhala Ngemfihlo.
Esinye sezixazululo ezinhle kakhulu zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukusebenzisa indlela yokubhala ngemfihlo. Idatha yokubethela ibhala ngekhodi, okusho ukuthi othile ongenawo ukhiye akakwazi ukufunda noma ukufinyelela ulwazi. Lokhu kuvikela kuzosiza ukuvikela idatha evela ezinkampanini ezingagunyaziwe futhi kugcine isistimu yakho ivikelekile ekuhlaselweni okunonya. Ungasebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene wokubethela, njengokubethela ngasemaphethelweni, okubethela ukuxhumana phakathi kwabasebenzisi ababili, noma ukwenza amathokheni ngezinjongo zokuqinisekisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cabanga ukusebenzisa isitifiketi se-SSL ukuze uvikele iwebhusayithi.
Sebenzisa Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SIEM nokuhlaziywa kwamalogi.
Ulwazi Lokuvikeleka Nokuphathwa Kwemicimbi (SIEM) ukuhlanganiswa kuyadingeka kunoma yisiphi isisombululo sokuphepha ku-inthanethi. I-SIEM ingakwazi ukuhlonza amaphethini okuhlasela, amathrendi, nokudidayo okubonisa imisebenzi enonya ngokuqoqa nokuhlaziya idatha emithonjeni eminingi. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthole izinsongo ngaphambi kokuthi zibe yingozi kakhulu ohlelweni lwakho. Ukuhlaziywa kwamalogi nakho kubalulekile kunoma yisiphi isixazululo se-cybersecurity njengoba kukuvumela ukuthi ubone izinga eligcwele lokuhlasela nokuthi abahlaseli bakwenze kanjani. Ngalolu lwazi, ungathatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze uvimbele ukuhlaselwa okufanayo ngokuzayo.
Ukuvikela Umhlaba Wakho Ku-inthanethi: Umhlahlandlela Wokugcina we-Cyber Security Solutions
Esikhathini sedijithali, umhlaba wethu oku-inthanethi uhlale usongelwa ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi. Imiphumela yokungabi nazo izixazululo eziqinile zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi ingaba yingozi kakhulu, kusukela ekuphulweni kwedatha kuye ekuntshontshweni kobunikazi. Ukuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze uzivikele wena nempahla yakho yedijithali kubalulekile. Kulo mhlahlandlela obanzi, sizohlola izixazululo zokugcina zokuphepha ku-inthanethi, sikuhlomise ngolwazi namathuluzi okugcina umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi uphephile.
Kubandakanya ucwaningo lwakamuva kanye nemininingwane yochwepheshe, sizohlola amasu nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene ukuze siqinise ukuzivikela kwakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Kusukela kuhlelo lwe-antivirus kanye nezinqamuli zomlilo kuye ekubetheleni nasekuqinisekiseni izinto eziningi, sizofaka izinto ezibalulekile zokusethwa okuphelele kokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Sizophinde sihlole amathrendi asafufusa kanye nezindlela ezihamba phambili, siqinisekise ukuthi uhlala uphambi kwendawo ehlala ishintshashintsha esongelayo.
Ukwamukela izixazululo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ezibalulwe kulo mhlahlandlela, ungakwazi ukuvikela imininingwane yakho siqu, uvikele impahla yakho yezezimali, futhi ugcine ukuthula kwakho kwengqondo. Ungalindi kuze kushaye isikhathi - qala ukuqinisa umhlaba wakho oku-inthanethi namuhla.
Ukuqonda ukuphepha kwe-cyber
Esikhathini sedijithali, umhlaba wethu oku-inthanethi uhlale usongelwa ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi. Imiphumela yokungabi nazo izixazululo eziqinile zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi ingaba yingozi kakhulu, kusukela ekuphulweni kwedatha kuye ekuntshontshweni kobunikazi. Ukuthatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze uzivikele wena nempahla yakho yedijithali kubalulekile. Kulo mhlahlandlela obanzi, sizohlola izixazululo zokugcina zokuphepha ku-inthanethi, sikuhlomise ngolwazi namathuluzi okugcina umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi uphephile.
Kubandakanya ucwaningo lwakamuva kanye nemininingwane yochwepheshe, sizohlola amasu nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene ukuze siqinise ukuzivikela kwakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Kusukela kuhlelo lwe-antivirus kanye nezinqamuli zomlilo kuye ekubetheleni nasekuqinisekiseni izinto eziningi, sizofaka izinto ezibalulekile zokusethwa okuphelele kokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Sizophinde sihlole amathrendi asafufusa kanye nezindlela ezihamba phambili, siqinisekise ukuthi uhlala uphambi kwendawo ehlala ishintshashintsha esongelayo.
Ukwamukela izixazululo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ezibalulwe kulo mhlahlandlela, ungakwazi ukuvikela imininingwane yakho siqu, uvikele impahla yakho yezezimali, futhi ugcine ukuthula kwakho kwengqondo. Ungalindi kuze kushaye isikhathi - qala ukuqinisa umhlaba wakho oku-inthanethi namuhla.
Ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Ukuphepha kwe-Cyber kuwumkhuba wokuvikela amakhompyutha, amaseva, amanethiwekhi, kanye nedatha ekuhlaselweni kwedijithali. Ihlanganisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene nobuchwepheshe obuklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukunciphisa ubungozi, nokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo kolwazi, ubuqotho, nokutholakala. Ngokuthembela okwandayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nobunkimbinkimbi obukhulayo bokusongelwa ku-inthanethi, ukuqonda izisekelo zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi kubalulekile.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi ukuphatha ubungozi. Ngokuhlonza izinsongo ezingaba khona kanye nokuba sengozini, izinhlangano nabantu bangasebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanele zokunciphisa umthelela wokuhlasela. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ubungozi okuvamile, ukusungula izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha, kanye nokusebenzisa izilawuli ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi obuhlonziwe. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uhlale unolwazi mayelana nezinsongo zakamuva kanye nokuba sengozini, njengoba izigebengu ze-inthanethi zishintsha njalo amaqhinga azo.
Ukuze uvikele ngempumelelo umhlaba wakho oku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokusabisa kanye nokuba sengozini okukhona. Lokhu kungasukela ekuhlaselweni kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kanye nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kuye kubunjiniyela bomphakathi kanye nokwephulwa kwemithetho yenethiwekhi. Ngokuzijwayeza lezi zinsongo, ungalungiselela kangcono ukulwa nazo futhi usebenzise izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo.
Izinsongo ezijwayelekile ze-cyber kanye nokuba sengozini
Izinsongo ze-Cyber ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye iveza ubungozi nezinselele ezihlukile. Nazi ezinye izinsongo ze-inthanethi ezivame kakhulu nokuba sengozini abantu namabhizinisi ababhekana nazo:
1. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha: Isofthiwe enobungozi, efana namagciwane, izikelemu, ne-ransomware, ingangena kumadivayisi akho futhi ifake idatha yakho engozini. Kuvame ukusabalala ngokunamathiselwe kwe-imeyili okuyingozi, amawebhusayithi anegciwane, noma isofthiwe eyonakele.
2. Ukuhlasela Kobugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kuhilela ukukhohlisa abantu ukuba baveze ulwazi olubucayi ngokuzenza izinhlangano ezinokwethenjelwa, njengamaphasiwedi noma imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu. Lokhu kuhlasela kuvame ukuza njengama-imeyili akhohlisayo, imilayezo, noma amawebhusayithi.
3. Ubunjiniyela Bezenhlalakahle: Ubunjiniyela bomphakathi iqhinga elisetshenziswa izigebengu ze-inthanethi ukukhohlisa abantu ukuze baveze ulwazi oluyimfihlo noma banikeze ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kungabandakanya izindlela ezifana nokuzenza umuntu ongeyena osesikhundleni segunya noma ukusebenzisa amasu okukhohlisa ngokwengqondo.
4. Ukuphulwa Kwenethiwekhi: Ukuphulwa kwenethiwekhi kwenzeka lapho izigebengu ze-inthanethi zithola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi yenkampani noma yomuntu ngamunye, okubavumela ukuthi bantshontshe idatha ebucayi, baphazamise ukusebenza, noma benze okunye ukuhlasela.
5. Amagama Ayimfihlo Abuthakathaka: Amagama ayimfihlo angaqinile awubungozi obujwayelekile bezigebengu ze-inthanethi ezingasebenzisa zona. Ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile, ahlukile kanye nokunika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwakho.
Ukuqonda lezi zinsongo kanye nokuba sengozini kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokusebenzisa izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizohlola izixazululo ezahlukahlukene ze-cybersecurity ezingasiza ukuvikela umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi.
Izinhlobo zezixazululo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Ukwamukela indlela enezendlalelo eziningi kubalulekile ekusunguleni ukusethwa kwe-cybersecurity okuqinile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa izixazululo nobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene ukuze kuhlanganiswe izici ezihlukahlukene zengqalasizinda yakho yedijithali. Ake sihlole ezinye zezixazululo ezibalulekile ze-cybersecurity:
I-Antivirus Software kanye nama-Firewalls
Esinye sezixazululo eziyisisekelo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ye-antivirus kanye ne-firewall. Isofthiwe ye-antivirus iskena idivayisi yakho namanethiwekhi ukuze ithole uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi isiza ekuvimbeleni izifo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-firewall asebenza njengesithiyo phakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi nomhlaba wangaphandle, ukuqapha nokuhlunga ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo naphumayo.
Ukubuyekeza njalo isofthiwe yakho yesivikeli-magciwane kanye nokumisa izinqamuleli ukuze uvumele ithrafikhi egunyaziwe kuphela kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka nge-malware kanye nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
Vikela Ingqalasizinda Yenethiwekhi
Ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi evikelekile ibalulekile ekuvikeleni umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi avikelekile, amanethiwekhi ayimfihlo abonakalayo (ama-VPN), namasistimu okuthola ukungena kokungena (IDS) ukuze kutholwe futhi kuvinjwe ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
Ukuvikela inethiwekhi yakho ye-Wi-Fi kuhlanganisa ukushintsha amagama ayimfihlo azenzakalelayo, usebenzisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zokubethela, kanye nokuvala ukulawula okukude. Ama-VPN ahlinzeka ngoxhumano oluvikelekile phakathi kwedivayisi yakho ne-inthanethi, ebhala ngekhodi yonke idatha edluliswa phakathi kwawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-IDS iqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi yemisebenzi esolisayo futhi ingasiza ekutholeni nasekuvimbeleni ukuhlasela okungaba khona.
Ukubethelwa Kwedatha Nokuxhumana Okuvikelekile
Ukubethelwa kwedatha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ulwazi olubucayi. Ukubethela kuhlanganisa ukuguqula idatha ibe ifomethi engafundeki engasuswa ukubethela kuphela ngokhiye ofanele. Ukubethela idatha yakho, ngisho noma umhlaseli eyihlangabeza, ngeke kusize ngaphandle kokhiye wokukhipha ukubethela.
Izimiso zokuxhumana ezivikelekile, njengeSecure Sockets Layer (SSL) kanye neTransport Layer Security (TLS), sungula ukuxhumana okuvikelekile phakathi kwamadivayisi. Lawa maphrothokholi abethela idatha edluliswa nge-inthanethi, iqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala iyimfihlo futhi ayikwazi ukuphazanyiswa.
Ukuqeqeshwa Nokuqwashisa Kwabasebenzi
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuvikelekeni ku-inthanethi ukuqeqeshwa nokuqwashisa kwabasebenzi. Ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okuningi kuqondiswe kubasebenzi ngamasu afana nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi noma ubunjiniyela bomphakathi. Izinhlangano zinganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo amathuba okuhlaselwa okuyimpumelelo ngokufundisa izisebenzi ngezingozi, zizifundise ukuthi zingahlonza kanjani izinsongo ezingaba khona, futhi zinikeze ukuqeqeshwa okuvamile kwezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi kufanele kufake ukuphepha kwephasiwedi, imikhuba yokuphequlula ephephile, ukuphepha kwe-imeyili, kanye nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina abasebenzi benolwazi mayelana nezinsongo zakamuva kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezibuyekezo ezivamile ngezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Isofthiwe ye-Antivirus kanye ne-firewalls
Ukusebenzisa izixazululo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile, kodwa kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukulandela izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo. Nazi ezinye izinqubo ezibalulekile ezibalulekile kubantu namabhizinisi:
1. Gcina yonke isofthiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza zisesikhathini samanje: Hlala ubuyekeza isofthiwe yakho namasistimu okusebenza ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi unamapeshi akamuva okuvikela nokulungiswa kweziphazamisi.
2. Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile nahlukile: Amagama ayimfihlo ayinkimbinkimbi ahlanganisa osonhlamvukazi nabancane, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile. Gwema ukusebenzisa kabusha amagama ayimfihlo kuma-akhawunti ahlukene.
3. Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi: Nika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka, njengoba kungeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikeleka ngokudinga ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe, njengezigxivizo zeminwe noma ikhodi ehlukile.
4. Qaphela ama-imeyili nezixhumanisi ezisolisayo: Qaphela ama-imeyili avela kubathumeli abangaziwa, ikakhulukazi uma equkethe okunamathiselwe noma izixhumanisi. Gwema ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo futhi uqinisekise ubuqiniso bama-imeyili ngaphambi kokunikeza noma yiluphi ulwazi olubucayi.
5. Yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho njalo: Dala izipele ezivamile zamafayela akho abalulekile nedatha. Ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi noma ukulahleka kwedatha, ungabuyisela ulwazi lwakho kumakhophi alondolozwe.
6. Khawulela amalungelo okufinyelela: Nikeza amalungelo okufinyelela kuphela kulabo abawadingayo. Phinda ubuyekeze futhi ubuyekeze amalungelo okufinyelela ukuze uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
7. Qapha futhi uloge imisebenzi: Sebenzisa izindlela zokuqapha nokugawula ukuze ulandelele imisebenzi yenethiwekhi futhi uthole noma yikuphi ukuziphatha okusolisayo.
Ukusebenzisa lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili kanye nezixazululo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi okukhulunywe ngazo ngaphambili kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukuvikela kwakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi.
Vikela ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi
Sengiphetha, ukuvikela umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi kubalulekile esikhathini samanje sedijithali. Izinsongo ze-Cyber ziya ngokuya ziba yinkimbinkimbi, futhi imiphumela yokuhlasela ngempumelelo ingaba mibi kakhulu. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi, ukujwayelana nezinsongo ezivamile kanye nokuba sengozini, nokusebenzisa izixazululo ezifanele, ungazivikela, ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu, kanye nempahla yakho yedijithali.
Khumbula ukusebenzisa indlela enezendlalelo eziningi ekuvikelekeni ku-inthanethi, ehlanganisa isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, izindonga zomlilo, ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi evikelekile, ukubethelwa kwedatha, nokuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi. Hlala unolwazi mayelana nezinsongo zakamuva nezinqubo ezihamba phambili, futhi ubuyekeze njalo amasistimu akho nesofthiwe.
Ungalindi kuze kuhlwe kakhulu - thatha isinyathelo manje ukuze uqinise umhlaba wakho oku-inthanethi futhi uqinisekise ulwazi lwedijithali oluphephile futhi oluvikelekile. Ngezixazululo ezifanele zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nemikhuba ehamba phambili, ungakwazi ukuzulazula ngokuzethemba indawo yedijithali kuyilapho uvikela ulwazi lwakho nempahla.
Ukubethelwa kwedatha nokuxhumana okuvikelekile
Ukuqinisekisa ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi evikelekile kuyisisekelo sokusetha okuqinile kwe-cybersecurity. Ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi evikelekile ihlanganisa ukusebenzisa izivikeli-mlilo, Izinhlelo Zokuthola Intrusion (IDS), kanye Nezinethiwekhi Eziyimfihlo Eziyimfihlo (ama-VPN) ukuze uvikele inethiwekhi yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe nemisebenzi enonya. I-firewall iyisithiyo phakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho yangaphakathi nomhlaba wangaphandle, ukuqapha nokulawula ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo naphumayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-IDS ithola futhi iphendule kunoma yimiphi imisebenzi esolisayo noma engagunyaziwe ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokuvikela ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yakho ukusebenzisa i-VPN. I-VPN idala uxhumano oluvikelekile nolubethelwe phakathi kwedivayisi yakho ne-inthanethi, okwenza kube nzima kubageli bangenamfihlo ukuthi bavimbe idatha yakho. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi uphequlule i-inthanethi ngokungaziwa futhi ufinyelele okuqukethwe okukhawulelwe yi-geo. Ukutshala imali kusevisi ye-VPN ethembekile kungathuthukisa ukuphepha nobumfihlo bemisebenzi yakho ye-inthanethi.
Ukuvikela ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yakho kudlula i-hardware nezixazululo zesofthiwe. Ukubuyekeza njalo idivayisi yakho yenethiwekhi, njengamarutha namaswishi, ngeziqephu zakamuva ze-firmware nezibuyekezo zokuphepha kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ubungozi izigebengu ze-inthanethi ezingase zisebenziseke. Ukwengeza, ukuhlukanisa inethiwekhi yakho ezindaweni eziningi nokusebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela kungaqhubeka nokunciphisa ubungozi bokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe futhi kukhawulele umthelela ongaba khona wokwephulwa komthetho.
Ukuqeqeshwa nokuqwashisa kwabasebenzi
Ukubhalwa kwedatha kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphepha ku-inthanethi, iqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi lwakho olubucayi luhlala luvikelekile noma luwela ezandleni ezingalungile. Ukubethela kuhlanganisa ukuguqula umbhalo ongenalutho ube umbhalo ongafundeki kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi. Izinkampani ezigunyaziwe kuphela ezinokhiye wokukhipha ukubethela zingacacisa idatha ebethelwe, zinikeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha.
Ukusebenzisa izivumelwano zokubethela, njengeSecure Sockets Layer (SSL) noma Transport Layer Security (TLS), kubalulekile ukuze uvikele ukuxhumana kwakho kwe-inthanethi. I-SSL ne-TLS amaphrothokholi e-cryptographic abethela idatha edluliswa phakathi kweziphequluli zewebhu namaseva. Ngokubhala ngekhodi idatha, lezi zivumelwano zivimbela ukulalela nokuphazanyiswa, okwenza kube nzima kubahlaseli ukuthi babambe ulwazi olubucayi, olufana nemininingwane yokungena ngemvume noma imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu.
Ngokungeziwe ekubetheleni idatha kwezokuthutha, kubalulekile ngokufanayo ukubethela idatha lapho uphumule. Lokhu kubandakanya ukubethela idatha egcinwe kumadivayisi akho noma emafini. Ukubhala ngemfihlo kwediski eligcwele noma kwezinga lefayela kungavikela idatha yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, ngisho noma idivayisi yakho noma isitoreji samafu sisengozini. Ukubethela idatha yakho kwengeza isendlalelo sokuvikela, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi lwakho oluyimfihlo luhlala luvikelekile.
Izindlela ezihamba phambili zokuphepha kwe-Cyber kubantu ngabanye namabhizinisi
Iphutha lomuntu lingenye yezimbangela eziphambili zokwephulwa kwe-cyber. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zivame ukusizakala ngokuntula ukuqwashisa nolwazi phakathi kwezisebenzi ukuze zithole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumasistimu noma zizikhohlise ukuze ziveze ulwazi olubucayi. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kanye nezinhlelo zokuqwashisa zibalulekile ekuqiniseni ukuma kwenhlangano yakho ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi.
Ukufundisa abasebenzi mayelana nezinsongo ezivamile ze-inthanethi, njengama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukuhlaselwa konjiniyela bezenhlalo, nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kungabasiza babone futhi bagweme izingozi ezingaba khona. Amaseshini okuqeqesha avamile, izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi, nemikhankaso yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi elingisiwe inganikeza abasebenzi amakhono adingekayo ukuze bakhombe futhi babike imisebenzi esolisayo. Ukusungula izinqubomgomo ezicacile mayelana nokusebenzisa amadivayisi enkampani, amalungelo okufinyelela, nezinqubo zokuphatha idatha nakho kubalulekile.
Ukudala isiko lokuphepha ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yakho kudinga ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo nokuqiniswa. Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi ukuthi babike noma yiziphi izigameko zokuphepha noma ubungozi kungasiza ekuhlonzeni nasekuxazululeni ubuthakathaka obungaba khona kungqalasizinda yakho yezokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Unganciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi ngokunika abasebenzi bakho amandla ngolwazi namakhono okuzivikela bona kanye nenhlangano.
Isiphetho: Thatha isinyathelo ukuze uvikele umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi
Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile kubantu ngabanye namabhizinisi ngokufanayo. Nazi ezinye izinqubo ezibucayi ezingasiza ukuqinisa ukuzivikela kwakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi:
1. Amaphasiwedi Aqinile Nahlukile: Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile nahlukile kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti akho aku-inthanethi. Gwema ukusebenzisa imishwana evamile noma ulwazi oluqagelekayo ngokushesha. Cabangela ukusebenzisa abaphathi bephasiwedi ukuze ugcine futhi ukhiqize amaphasiwedi ayinkimbinkimbi ngokuphephile.
2. I-Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Nika amandla i-MFA noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka ukuze wengeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha kuma-akhawunti akho. I-MFA idinga abasebenzisi ukuthi banikeze ubufakazi obuningi, njengephasiwedi kanye nekhodi ehlukile ethunyelwa kumakhalekhukhwini wabo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubunikazi babo.
3. Izibuyekezo Ezijwayelekile Zesofthiwe: Gcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nesofthiwe ye-antivirus ingamanje. Izibuyekezo zesofthiwe ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapeshi okuvikela alungisa ubungozi obuhlonzwe onjiniyela nabacwaningi.
4. Gcina ikhophi yedatha yakho: Njalo gcina idatha yakho kusigcinalwazi sangaphandle noma isevisi yesitoreji samafu. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa kwe-ransomware noma ukwehluleka kwehadiwe, ukuba nesipele kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukubuyisela amafayela akho ngaphandle kokukhokha isihlengo noma ukulahlekelwa idatha ebalulekile.
5. Qaphela Ukuhlaselwa Kobugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Qaphela ama-imeyili, imilayezo, noma izingcingo ezicela ulwazi lomuntu siqu noma ezikukhuthaza ukuba uchofoze izixhumanisi ezisolisayo. Njalo uqinisekise ukuthi ungubani umthumeli futhi uhlole kabili i-URL ngaphambi kokufaka ulwazi olubucayi.
6. Vikela Amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi: Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile nezimiso eziyisisekelo zokubethela, njenge-WPA2 noma i-WPA3, ukuze uvikele inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi yasekhaya noma yehhovisi. Gwema ukuxhuma kumanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-VPN.
7. Ukucwaningwa Kwezokuphepha Okujwayelekile: Yenza ukuhlolwa kokuvikela okuvamile ukuze kuhlonzwe ubungozi kanye nobuthakathaka ezinhlelweni zakho. Ukuhlolwa kokungena kanye nokuhlolwa kokuba sengozini kungasiza ukudalula amaphutha okuphepha angaba khona ngaphambi kokuthi izigebengu ze-inthanethi ziwaxhaphaze.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili nokuhlala uqaphile, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokuba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi futhi uvikele idatha yakho yomuntu siqu neyebhizinisi.
