Umhlahlandlela Obalulekile Wokuqonda Ukuphepha Kwe-Cyber

I-Ultimate Handbook Yokuphepha Kwe-Cyber: Hlala Uvikelekile Esikhathini Sedijithali

Ukuphepha kwe-Cyber ​​sekubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili enkathini yedijithali yanamuhla, lapho izimpilo zethu ziya ngokuya ziba ku-inthanethi. Ngosongo oluhlala lukhona lwabaduni nokuphulwa kwedatha, kufanele sizivikele kanye nolwazi lwethu olubucayi ukuthi singaweli ezandleni ezingalungile. Sidale I-Ultimate Handbook for Cyber ​​Security ukuze ikusize uhlale uvikelekile.

Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzokunikeza ulwazi namathuluzi okuthuthukisa ukuphepha ku-inthanethi. Incwadi yethu yesandla ihlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekuqondeni izinsongo ezivamile ze-inthanethi ukuya ekusebenziseni izindlela zokuphepha eziqinile. Sizokuhambisa imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ekuvikeleni amadivayisi akho, ukudala amaphasiwedi aqinile, kanye nokuhlonza imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu ofuna ukuvikela ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu noma umnikazi webhizinisi ohlose ukuvikela idatha yenkampani yakho, le ncwadi iyinsiza yakho oya kuyo. Igcwele amathiphu asebenzayo nezeluleko zochwepheshe, izokunika amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo ekuqiniseni ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi.

Ungavumeli ukwesaba ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kukuqede amandla. Zihlomise ngolwazi oludingekayo namathuluzi ukuze uhlale uvikelekile ngokwedijithali. Masiluqale ndawonye lolu hambo lwe-cybersecurity.

Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi

I-Cybersecurity ivikela amakhompyutha, amaseva, amadivaysi eselula, amasistimu kagesi, amanethiwekhi, nedatha ekuhlaselweni kwedijithali. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo, ubuqotho, nokutholakala kolwazi olugcinwe kulawa madivayisi namanethiwekhi. I-Cybersecurity ayibalulekile kuphela kubantu ngabanye kodwa nakumabhizinisi nezinhlangano zabo bonke osayizi.

Emhlabeni wanamuhla oxhumene, izinsongo ze-inthanethi zihlala zivela. Kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwe-ransomware kuya emikhonyovuni yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokwebiwa kobunikazi, imiphumela yokwephulwa kwe-inthanethi ingaba mibi kakhulu. I-Cybersecurity ayikona nje ukuvikela idatha yomuntu siqu; imayelana nokuvikela ingqalasizinda ebalulekile, impahla yengqondo, izinhlelo zezezimali, nokuphepha kwezwe.

Izinsongo ezijwayelekile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi nokuhlaselwa

Ukuqonda izinsongo nokuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi okuvamile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuzivikela wena kanye nempahla yakho yedijithali. Ezinye izinsongo ze-inthanethi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ubunjiniyela bomphakathi, ukuhlaselwa ngamaphasiwedi, ukuhlaselwa kwe-denial-of-service (DoS) kanye nezinsongo zangaphakathi.

Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kafushane lusho isofthiwe enonya, inoma iyiphi isofthiwe eklanyelwe ngenhloso ukulimaza noma ukuxhaphaza izisetshenziswa, amasistimu, noma amanethiwekhi. Kuhlanganisa amagciwane, izikelemu, Trojans, ransomware, spyware, adware, kanye rootkits. Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kuwukuhlasela ku-inthanethi lapho izigebengu zikhohlisa abantu ukuthi baveze ulwazi olubucayi, olufana namagama-mfihlo, izinombolo zekhadi lesikweletu, noma izinombolo zokuphepha komphakathi, ngokuzenza ibhizinisi elisemthethweni.

Ubunjiniyela bezenhlalo ngelinye iqhinga elivamile elisetshenziswa izigebengu ze-inthanethi. Kuhilela ukukhohlisa abantu ekudaluleni ulwazi oluyimfihlo noma ukwenza izenzo ezingase zibeke engcupheni ukuphepha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlaselwa kwephasiwedi kufaka phakathi izigebengu ezizama ukugqekeza noma ukuqagela amagama ayimfihlo ukuze bathole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kuma-akhawunti noma amasistimu.

Ukuhlasela kwe-DoS kuhlose ukweqa izinsiza zalokho okuqondiwe, njengamaseva noma amanethiwekhi, okwenza kungafinyeleleki kubasebenzisi. Okokugcina, izinsongo zangaphakathi zibhekisela kubantu abangaphakathi kwenhlangano abasebenzisa kabi amalungelo abo okufinyelela ukuze bafake engozini ukuphepha.

Izibalo zokuphepha kwe-Cyber ​​namathrendi

Isimo sezinsongo ze-inthanethi sihlala sivela, nama-vector amasha okuhlasela avela njalo. Ukuqonda izibalo zakamuva namathrendi kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale uphambili kunezigebengu ze-inthanethi. Ngokwezifundo zakamuva:

- Ubugebengu be-Cyber ​​​​kulinganiselwa ukuthi bubiza umnotho womhlaba ngaphezulu kwe- $ 1 trillion minyaka yonke.

- Izindleko ezimaphakathi zokwephulwa kwedatha yi-$3.86 million.

- Amabhizinisi amancane aya ngokuya ebhekiswe ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi, ngama-43% akho konke ukuhlaselwa okubhekiswe kuwo.

- Ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kusaqhubeka nokuba ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okuvame kakhulu, ngama-90% okuphulwa kwedatha okuqala nge-imeyili yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.

- Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Ransomware kukhuphuke kakhulu, ngokunyuka kwama-350% ekuhlaselweni ngo-2020.

Lezi zibalo zigqamisa ukubaluleka kokubeka phambili ukuphepha ku-inthanethi nokusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuzivikela wena nenhlangano yakho.

Izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi

Ukuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwakho ku-inthanethi akudingeki ukuba kube nzima. Izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula zinganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokuba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa nge-inthanethi.

Ukudala Iphasiwedi Eqinile nokusebenzisa Ukuqinisekiswa Kwezinto Eziningi

Iphasiwedi eqinile ingenye yemigqa yokuqala yokuzivikela ezinsongweni ze-cyber. Gwema ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo ajwayelekile noma ulwazi lomuntu siqu olungaqagelwa kalula. Kunalokho, dala amagama ayimfihlo ayinkimbinkimbi ahlanganisa izinhlamvu, izinombolo, nezinhlamvu ezikhethekile. Cabangela ukusebenzisa isiphathi sephasiwedi ukuze ukhiqize futhi ugcine amaphasiwedi ahlukile ku-akhawunti ngayinye.

Ngokungeziwe kumaphasiwedi aqinile, ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha. Le ndlela idinga ukuthi unikeze ubufakazi obubili noma ngaphezulu ukuze uqinisekise ubuwena, njengephasiwedi, izigxivizo zeminwe, noma ikhodi ehlukile ethunyelwe kudivayisi yakho yeselula.

Ukuvikela Amadivayisi Akho Namanethiwekhi

Ukuvikela amadivayisi akho namanethiwekhi kubalulekile ukuze uvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe nokuphulwa kwedatha. Qala ngokugcina isistimu yakho yokusebenza, isofthiwe, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ngezamanje. Lezi zibuyekezo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amapeshi akhuluma ngokuba sengozini kwezokuvikela.

Nika amandla ama-firewall nesofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane ukuze uthole futhi uvimbele imisebenzi enonya. Njalo yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho kudivayisi yesitoreji sangaphandle noma isevisi esekelwe emafini. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukufinyelela amafayela abalulekile nolwazi ngisho noma idivayisi yakho isengozini.

Ukudala iphasiwedi eqinile nokusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi

I-Cybersecurity ingumzamo ohlangene, futhi wonke umuntu ongaphakathi kwenhlangano udlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni indawo evikelekile. Zifundise wena kanye nabasebenzi bakho ngokubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nezindlela ezinhle ongazilandela.

Qeqesha abasebenzi bakho ukuthi babone futhi babike izinsongo ze-inthanethi ezingaba khona, njengama-imeyili asolisayo noma imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Sicela ubakhuthaze ukuthi basebenzise amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, bagcine amadivayisi abo nesofthiwe kubuyekeziwe, futhi baqaphe lapho babelana ngolwazi olubucayi.

Ukuvikela amadivayisi akho namanethiwekhi

Lapho wenza ukuthengiselana okuku-inthanethi noma wabelana ngolwazi lomuntu siqu, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe. Bheka uphawu lwelokhi kubha yekheli lesiphequluli sakho, okubonisa ukuthi iwebhusayithi ivikelekile. Gwema ukufaka ulwazi olubucayi kumawebhusayithi angavikelekile noma ngamanethiwekhi omphakathi e-Wi-Fi.

Cabangela ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi ayimfihlo abonakalayo (ama-VPN) lapho ufinyelela i-inthanethi usuka ezindaweni zomphakathi. Ama-VPN abethela uxhumo lwakho lwe-inthanethi, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu kubageli be-inthanethi ukuthi babambe idatha yakho.

Ukufundisa wena kanye nabasebenzi bakho mayelana nemikhuba emihle yokuphepha ku-inthanethi

Izinhlobonhlobo zamathuluzi okuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nesofthiwe iyatholakala ukuze ikusize ukuvikela wena nenhlangano yakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Isofthiwe ye-antivirus, izindonga zokuvikela, kanye nezinhlelo zokuthola ukungena zibalulekile ekugcineni indawo yedijithali evikelekile.

Cabangela ukutshala imali kuhlelo olubanzi lokuvikela olufaka izendlalelo eziningi zokuvikela, ezifana ne-antivirus, isinqamuleli, kanye nezici zokulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ukwengeza, hlala uskena idivayisi yakho uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha futhi wenze ukuhlola ukuba sengozini ukuhlonza nokubhekana nobuthakathaka obungaba khona.

Ukuvikela okwenziwayo kwakho ku-inthanethi nolwazi lomuntu siqu

Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi akuyona inketho; kuyisidingo. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi, ukujwayelana nezinsongo ezivamile, nokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile, ungahlala uvikelekile emhlabeni wedijithali.

Khumbula ukwenza amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, sebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, vikela amadivayisi akho namanethiwekhi, uzifundise wena kanye nabasebenzi bakho, uvikele ukuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi kanye nolwazi lomuntu siqu, futhi usebenzise amathuluzi nesofthiwe ye-cybersecurity. Ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo ezisebenzayo, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokuba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi futhi uvikele ubukhona bakho bedijithali.

Ungavumeli ukwesaba ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kukuqede amandla. Zihlomise ngolwazi oludingekayo namathuluzi ukuze uhlale uvikelekile ngokwedijithali. Masiluqale ndawonye lolu hambo lwe-cybersecurity.

Amathuluzi we-Cybersecurity nesofthiwe

Ukuphepha kwe-Cyber ​​sekubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili enkathini yedijithali yanamuhla, lapho izimpilo zethu ziya ngokuya ziba ku-inthanethi. Ngosongo oluhlala lukhona lwabaduni nokuphulwa kwedatha, kufanele sizivikele kanye nolwazi lwethu olubucayi ukuthi singaweli ezandleni ezingalungile. Sidale I-Ultimate Handbook for Cyber ​​Security ukuze ikusize uhlale uvikelekile.

Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzokunikeza ulwazi namathuluzi okuthuthukisa ukuphepha ku-inthanethi. Incwadi yethu yesandla ihlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekuqondeni izinsongo ezivamile ze-inthanethi ukuya ekusebenziseni izindlela zokuphepha eziqinile. Sizokuhambisa imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ekuvikeleni amadivayisi akho, ukudala amaphasiwedi aqinile, kanye nokuhlonza imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu ofuna ukuvikela ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu noma umnikazi webhizinisi ohlose ukuvikela idatha yenkampani yakho, le ncwadi iyinsiza yakho oya kuyo. Igcwele amathiphu asebenzayo nezeluleko zochwepheshe, izokunika amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo ekuqiniseni ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi.

Ungavumeli ukwesaba ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kukuqede amandla. Zihlomise ngolwazi oludingekayo namathuluzi ukuze uhlale uvikelekile ngokwedijithali. Masiluqale ndawonye lolu hambo lwe-cybersecurity.

Isiphetho: Ukulawula ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi

Ukuvikela okwenziwayo ku-inthanethi kanye nolwazi lomuntu siqu kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthuthukisa ukuphepha ku-inthanethi. Ngokukhula kwe-e-commerce nokubhanga ku-inthanethi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imininingwane yakho yezezimali ihlala iphephile emehlweni okuhlola kubalulekile. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile ongazithatha:

1. Sebenzisa amawebhusayithi avikelekile: Hlala ubheka amawebhusayithi ane-SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) encryption lapho wenza ukuthengiselana nge-inthanethi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha yakho ibethelwe ngesikhathi sokudlulisa futhi ayikwazi ukutholwa izigebengu. Bheka uphawu lwengidi kubha yekheli kanye nokuthi “https” esikhundleni sika-“http” ku-URL.

2. Qaphela ngolwazi lomuntu siqu: Gwema ukwabelana ngolwazi olubucayi, njengenombolo yakho yezokuphepha komphakathi noma ikheli eligcwele, ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Qaphela izicelo ezingaceliwe zolwazi lomuntu siqu, njengoba kungase kube imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.

3. Gcina amadivayisi akho avuselelwe: Njalo buyekeza amasistimu okusebenza edivayisi yakho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ukuze uvikele ezingozini ezaziwayo. Lezi zibuyekezo zivame ukufaka amapeshi okuvikela akhuluma ngezinto ezingaba khona.

Ukuvikela okwenziwayo ku-inthanethi kanye nolwazi lomuntu siqu kubalulekile ukuze uzivikele ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Ukulandela lezi zinqubo kunganciphisa ubungozi bokwebiwa kobunikazi noma ukukhwabanisa kwezezimali.