Ukuhlola isistimu yakho ye-IT kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle yemisebenzi yebhizinisi lakho. Nokho, le nqubo ingaba yinkimbinkimbi futhi ibe namandla. Lo mhlahlandlela uzohlinzeka ngombono obanzi wokwenza ucwaningo lwesistimu ye-IT, okuhlanganisa namathiphu okwenza inqubo ibe lula kanye nokuhlonza ubungozi bokuphepha obungaba khona.
Chaza ububanzi nezinjongo zocwaningo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT, kubalulekile ukuchaza ububanzi nezinjongo zocwaningo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi yiziphi izindawo zesistimu yakho ye-IT okudingeka zihlolwe futhi yiziphi izinjongo ezithile ofuna ukuzifinyelela. Ezinye izinjongo ezivamile zokuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT zihlanganisa ukuhlonza ubungozi bokuphepha, ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesistimu, nokuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho yemboni. Uma usuwazi kahle ububanzi nezinjongo zocwaningo, ungaqala ukuhlela nokwenza inqubo yokucwaningwa kwamabhuku.
Khomba zonke ihadiwe nempahla yesofthiwe.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT ukuhlonza ihadiwe yenhlangano yakho nempahla yesofthiwe. Lokhu kufaka amaseva, iziteshi zokusebenza, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, amadivayisi eselula, amaphrinta, amarutha, amaswishi, namanye amadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi yakho. Kufanele futhi uhlonze zonke izinhlelo zesofthiwe namasistimu asetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yakho, okuhlanganisa amasistimu okusebenza, imininingwane yolwazi, nezinhlelo zebhizinisi. Lolu lwazi luzokusiza uqonde ububanzi besistimu yakho ye-IT futhi uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izimpahla zibalwa phakathi nenqubo yocwaningo.
Hlola ukuphepha kwamasistimu akho.
Uma usuhlonze yonke impahla yehadiwe nesofthiwe enhlanganweni yakho, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlola ukuphepha kwamasistimu akho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zakho zokuphepha zamanje, ezifana nezindonga zokuvikela, isofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane, namasistimu okuthola ukungena. Kufanele futhi ubuyekeze izinqubomgomo zokuphepha zenhlangano yakho nezinqubo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zihambisana nesikhathi futhi ziyasebenza. Uhlonza noma yibuphi ubuthakathaka noma ubuthakathaka kumasistimu akho futhi ubhekana nakho ngaphambi kokuba izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingakuxhaphaza. Okuvamile ukuhlolwa kokuphepha zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zakho ze-IT kanye nokuvikela inhlangano yakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi.
Linganisa ukusebenza kwe-backup yakho nezinhlelo zokuhlenga izinhlekelele.
Isici esisodwa esibalulekile sokwenza ucwaningo lwesistimu ye-IT ukuhlola ukusebenza kokulondoloza kwakho ikhophi kanye nezinhlelo zokulungisa inhlekelele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubuyekeza izinqubo zakho zokulondoloza, njengokuthi kwenziwa kangaki izipele kanye nokuthi zigcinwa kuphi, nokuhlola uhlelo lwakho lokutakula inhlekelele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi lungabuyisela ngempumelelo amasistimu akho ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izikhala noma ubuthakathaka ohlelweni lwakho lokusekelayo nelokubuyisela esimweni sezinhlekelele nokubhekana nakho ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wanoma yikuphi ukulahleka kwedatha okungaba khona noma ukungasebenzi kwesistimu kubalulekile.
Buyekeza izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zakho ze-IT.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT ukubuyekeza izinqubomgomo nezinqubo ze-IT zenhlangano yakho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola izinqubomgomo zakho zokuphepha, njengezidingo zephasiwedi nezilawuli zokufinyelela, kanye nezinqubomgomo zakho zokugcinwa kwedatha nokulahlwa kwedatha. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zakho zisesikhathini samanje futhi zihambisana nezinqubo ezihamba phambili zomkhakha kubalulekile ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuphulwa kwezokuphepha kanye nokulahleka kwedatha. Ukwengeza, ukubukeza izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zakho kungasiza ekuboneni izindawo lapho ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kungase kudingeke khona ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotshelwa komthetho nokunciphisa ingozi yamaphutha abantu.
Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokwenza Ukuhlolwa Kwesistimu Ye-IT Okuphumelelayo
Ezweni lanamuhla elisheshayo neliqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe, liqhuba njalo ukuhlolwa kwezinhlelo zakho ze-IT ibucayi kakhulu kunakuqala. Kodwa uqala kuphi? Uqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ucwaningo lwakho luyasebenza futhi luphelele? Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizokuhambisa enqubweni yesinyathelo nesinyathelo sokwenza ucwaningo lwesistimu ye-IT, sikunikeza amathuluzi nolwazi oludingayo ukuze uhlole impilo nokuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zakho.
Noma ngabe uyibhizinisi elincane noma ibhizinisi elikhulu, ukuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi bengqalasizinda yakho ye-IT kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni nasekulawuleni ubungozi. Kusukela ekuhloleni ihadiwe nesofthiwe kuya ekuhlaziyeni ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, lo mhlahlandlela uzokusiza ukuthi uthole umbono ophelele wezinhlelo zakho ze-IT futhi ukhombe izindawo ongazithuthukisa.
Ukulandela izinqubo ezihamba phambili ezivezwe kulo mhlahlandlela obanzi kungadalula ubungozi obungase bube khona, kuqondise ukusebenza, futhi kuqinisekise ukuthobelana nezindinganiso zomkhakha. Ukwenza uhlolo olusebenzayo lwesistimu ye-IT kubalulekile kunoma iyiphi inhlangano ezimisele ngokuvikela impahla yayo yedijithali nokuhlala phambili endaweni eya ngokuya iqhudelana.
Ungalindi ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha noma ukulahleka kwedatha ukuze uthathe isinyathelo. Gxila kulo mhlahlandlela futhi uzihlomise ngolwazi lokuqhuba ucwaningo olusebenzayo lwesistimu ye-IT namuhla.
Izinyathelo ezihilelekile ekuqhubeni ukuhlolwa kohlelo lwe-IT
Ukuqinisekisa impilo nokuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zakho ze-IT kufanele kube yinto ehamba phambili kunoma iyiphi inhlangano. Ukwenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kohlelo lwe-IT kudlala indima ebalulekile ekufezeni lo mgomo. Ngokwenza ukucwaninga, ungakwazi ukubona ubungozi obungaba khona, uhlole ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zakho zokuphepha, futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ukuze uthuthukise ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT. Nazi ezinye izizathu ezibalulekile zokuthi kungani ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT kubaluleke kakhulu:
1. Ukuhlonza ubungozi: Amasistimu e-IT ahlala evezwa izinsongo ezihlukahlukene, njengokuhlasela kwe-cyberattack, ukwehluleka kwesistimu, nokuphulwa kwedatha. Ngokwenza ukucwaninga, ungakwazi ukuhlonza futhi ulungise ngokuqhubekayo ubungozi ngaphambi kokuba kube yizinkinga ezibalulekile.
2. Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza: Ukuhlola amasistimu akho e-IT ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukusebenza kwazo futhi ukhombe izindawo lapho ukulungiselelwa kuyadingeka. Ukubuyekeza i-hardware, isofthiwe, nezingxenye zenethiwekhi kungakhomba izingqinamba, kuqondise ukusebenza, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle.
3. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho: Ukuhambisana nezimboni kanye nezindinganiso zokulawula kubalulekile ezinhlanganweni zabo bonke osayizi. Ukuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu akho ahambisana namazinga adingekayo, kunciphisa ingcuphe yezinhlawulo, izindaba zomthetho, kanye nokulimala kwesithunzi.
4. Ukuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwedatha: Ukuphulwa kwedatha kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezezimali nesithunzi. Ukuhlola amasistimu akho e-IT kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zakho zokuphepha, uhlonze ubuthakathaka obungase ube khona, futhi usebenzise izivikelo ezifanele ukuze uvikele idatha ebucayi.
5. Ukuhlelela ikusasa: Ngokwenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kohlelo lwe-IT, ungakha imephu yomgwaqo yesikhathi esizayo. Ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku kunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nesimo samanje sengqalasizinda yakho ye-IT, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlelele ukuthuthukiswa, ukunwetshwa, kanye nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe.
Manje njengoba sesikuqonda ukubaluleka kokwenza ucwaningo lwesistimu ye-IT ake singene esinqubweni sesinyathelo nesinyathelo sokuqedela ukuhlola okuphumelelayo.
Ukuhlola ingqalasizinda ye-IT nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi
Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT kungase kubonakale kunzima, kodwa ukukwehlukanisa kube izinyathelo ezilawulekayo kungenza inqubo ibe lula. Nansi inkomba yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukukusiza ukuthi uzuze ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT okusebenzayo:
Isinyathelo 1: Ukuhlola Ingqalasizinda ye-IT kanye Nokuphepha Kwenethiwekhi
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokwenza ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT ukuhlola ingqalasizinda ye-IT yenhlangano yakho kanye nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlola ihadiwe, isofthiwe, nezingxenye zenethiwekhi ezakha amasistimu akho e-IT. Nazi ezinye zezindawo ezibalulekile okufanele ugxile kuzo ngesikhathi salokhu kuhlola:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha: Hlola isimo, ukusebenza, namandla eziphakeli zakho, izindawo zokusebenza, amarutha, amaswishi, nezinye izingxenye zehadiwe. Khomba noma yiziphi izisetshenziswa eziphelelwe yisikhathi noma ezingasebenzi kahle ezingadinga ukuthuthukiswa noma ukushintshwa.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwesofthiwe: Hlola izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe yenhlangano yakho namasistimu okusebenza. Hlola izinguqulo eziphelelwe yisikhathi, amapeshi okuvikela, nezinkinga zokusebenzisana. Qiniseka ukuthi yonke isoftware inelayisensi efanele futhi isesikhathini samanje.
3. Ukuhlola ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi: Hlaziya ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yakho ukuze uthole ubungozi obungaba khona. Buyekeza ukulungiselelwa kwe-firewall, amasistimu okuthola ukungena, izilawuli zokufinyelela, namaphrothokholi wokubethela. Khomba noma yiziphi izikhala zokuphepha futhi usebenzise izinyathelo ezifanele zokunciphisa ubungozi.
Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ukuhlola Izinqubo Zokuphathwa Kwempahla ye-IT
Ukuphathwa kwempahla ye-IT okusebenzayo kubalulekile ukuze izinhlangano zandise izinsiza, zilawule izindleko, futhi ziqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho. Ngesikhathi sokucwaningwa kwamabhuku, hlola izinqubo zakho zokuphatha impahla ye-IT ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ziyasebenza futhi ziyasebenza. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Ukuphathwa kwempahla: Gcina i-inventory enembile yazo zonke ihadiwe nempahla yesofthiwe. Hlola ukuthi uhla lwamagama olwamanje yini, okuhlanganisa ulwazi olufana nendawo yempahla, ubunikazi, nesimo somjikelezo wempilo. Sebenzisa amathuluzi azenzakalelayo ukuze wenze lula ukulandelela impahla.
2. Ukuphathwa kwamalayisensi: Qinisekisa ukuthi wonke amalayisensi esofthiwe abhalwe ngokufanelekile futhi ahambisana nezivumelwano zamalayisensi. Qinisekisa ukuthi inombolo yezimvume ifana nokusetshenziswa kwangempela. Khomba noma yikuphi ukufakwa kwesofthiwe okungagunyaziwe futhi uthathe isinyathelo esifanele.
3. Ukulahlwa kwempahla: Sungula inqubo yokulahla ngokufanele izimpahla ze-IT esezithathe umhlalaphansi noma ezingasasebenzi. Qinisekisa ukuthi idatha isulwa ngokuvikelekile kumadivayisi okugcina nokuthi izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zilahlwa ngendlela evumelana nemvelo. Gcina amarekhodi okuchithwa kwempahla.
Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukubuyekeza Isipele Sedatha Nezinhlelo Zokuthola Inhlekelele
Ukulahleka kwedatha kungaba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele ezinhlanganweni. Ngakho-ke, ukubukeza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlenga izinhlekelele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT kubalulekile. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Izinqubo zokusekela ngokulondoloza idatha: Hlola izinqubo zakho zokusekela ngokulondoloza idatha ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idatha ebucayi ihlale inekhophi yasenqolobaneni ngokuvikelekile. Hlola imvamisa yokwenza isipele, izindawo zokugcina, nezinqubo zokuthola kabusha. Hlola inqubo yokubuyisela idatha ngezikhathi ezithile.
2. Izinhlelo zokutakula inhlekelele: Hlola izinhlelo zenhlangano yakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ziphelele futhi zamanje. Nquma ukuthi izinhlelo zifaka phakathi izinqubo zokutholwa kwedatha, ukubuyiselwa kwesistimu, nezinye izinketho zengqalasizinda uma kwenzeka kuba nenhlekelele.
3. Ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi: Buyekeza izinhlelo zakho zokuqhubeka zebhizinisi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zihambisana nezinhlelo zakho ze-IT. Khomba amasistimu nezinqubo ezibalulekile okufanele zibekwe phambili ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Hlola ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi lakho njalo.
Isinyathelo sesi-4: Ukuhlaziya Ubungozi Besistimu ye-IT kanye Nezingozi
Ukuhlonza ubuthakathaka kanye nezingozi yingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT. Ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kobungozi kanye nokuhlaziya ubungozi, ungaqonda izinsongo ezingaba khona futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuzinciphisa. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile okufanele uzilandele:
1. Ukuskena kokuba sengozini: Sebenzisa okuzenzakalelayo amathuluzi okuskena okuba sengozini ukuhlonza ubuthakathaka obungaba khona ezinhlelweni zakho. Skena inethiwekhi yakho, amaseva, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthola ubungozi obaziwayo. Njalo buyekeza futhi upeshe isofthiwe ukuze ubhekane nanoma ibuphi ubungozi obuhlonziwe.
2. Ukuhlolwa kobungozi: Hlola umthelela kanye namathuba ezingozi ezingaba khona ezinhlelweni zakho ze-IT. Khomba izinsongo ezifana nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukwephulwa kwedatha, ukuhlaselwa kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, nokwehluleka kwesistimu. Beka kuqala izingozi ngokusekelwe ebucayini bazo kanye namathuba okuba zenzeke.
3. Ukuncishiswa kobungozi: Thuthukisa futhi usebenzise amasu asekelwe ebuthakathakeni obuhlonziwe kanye nobungozi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe, ukuvuselela izinqubomgomo nezinqubo, noma ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abasebenzi.
Isinyathelo sesi-5: Ukwenza iSoftware kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-Hardware Inventory
Ukugcina uhlu olunembile lwempahla yesofthiwe nehadiwe kubalulekile ekuphathweni okuphumelelayo kwesistimu ye-IT. Njengengxenye yokucwaningwa kwamabhuku, yenza ukuhlola kwesoftware kanye ne-hardware ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izimpahla zibhalwe kahle futhi zibaliwe. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile okufanele uzilandele:
1. Ukuhlolwa kokusungula kwesofthiwe: Dala uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yakho. Qinisekisa ulwazi lwelayisense, izinombolo zenguqulo, nezindawo zokufaka. Khomba noma iyiphi isofthiwe engagunyaziwe noma engagunyaziwe.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-inventory yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha: Bhala zonke izimpahla zehadiwe, okuhlanganisa amaseva, izindawo zokusebenza, amakhompyutha aphathekayo, nama-peripheral. Rekhoda ulwazi olufana nokwakheka, imodeli, izinombolo ze-serial, nendawo. Khomba noma iyiphi ihadiwe elahlekile noma engaziwa.
3. Ukubuyisana kwempahla: Qhathanisa isofthiwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha namarekhodi okuthenga, amalayisensi, neziqinisekiso. Rarulula noma yikuphi ukushayisana futhi ubuyekeze amarekhodi e-inventory ngokufanele. Sebenzisa izinqubo zokuqinisekisa ukunemba okuqhubekayo kwe-inventory.
Isinyathelo sesi-6: Ukuhlola Ukubusa Kwe-IT Nokuhambisana Nazo
Ukuphatha okusebenzayo kwe-IT nokuhambisana nakho kubalulekile ukuze izinhlangano ziqinisekise ukuhambisana kwezinhlelo ze-IT nezinjongo zebhizinisi kanye nezidingo zokulawula. Ngesikhathi sokucwaningwa kwamabhuku, hlola ukubusa kwe-IT kwenhlangano yakho kanye nezinqubo zokuthobelana. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Ukubuyekezwa kwenqubomgomo nenqubo: Hlola ukusebenza kwezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zakho ze-IT. Qinisekisa ukuthi ezamanje, ziphelele, futhi zihambisana nezinqubo ezihamba phambili zomkhakha kanye nezidingo zokulawula.
2. Ukuhlola ukuthobela imithetho: Thola ukuthi inhlangano yakho iyahambisana yini nemithetho efanele, izimiso, kanye namazinga omkhakha. Ukwenza ucwaningo lwangaphakathi ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izikhala zokuthobela imithetho futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele zokulungisa.
3. Ukulawulwa kobungozi: Hlola ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zokulawulwa kobungozi zenhlangano yakho. Qinisekisa ukuthi ubungozi buyabonwa, buhloliwe, futhi buncishiswa ngendlela ehlelekile. Ukusebenzisa izinhlaka nezinqubo zokulawula ubungozi njengoba kudingeka.
Ukuhlola izinqubo zokuphathwa kwempahla ye-IT
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT okusebenzayo kubalulekile ezinhlanganweni zabo bonke osayizi. Ngokulandela inqubo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo echazwe kulo mhlahlandlela, ungahlola impilo nokuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zakho ze-IT, uhlonze izindawo ongazithuthukisa, futhi unciphise izingozi ezingaba khona. Ukuhlolwa kwamabhuku okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze uhlale uye phambili endaweni yobuchwepheshe ethuthuka ngokushesha.
Ukutshala isikhathi nezinsiza ekuqhubeni ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT kuyindlela esebenzayo yokuvikela impahla yakho yedijithali, ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle, nokuqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho. Ungalindi ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha noma ukulahleka kwedatha ukuze uthathe isinyathelo. Qala ukwenza ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kohlelo lwe-IT namuhla futhi uvikele ikusasa lenhlangano yakho.
Manje njengoba usunomhlahlandlela ophelele wokwenza ucwaningo olusebenzayo lwesistimu ye-IT, sekuyisikhathi sokusebenzisa lolu lwazi. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile, ngakho vakashela futhi futhi ubuyekeze izinqubo zakho zokucwaninga ukuze uvumelane nobuchwepheshe obusha nezinsongo ezivelayo. Hlala umatasa, hlala uvikelekile, futhi uhlale uphambili!
Ukubuyekeza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha nezinhlelo zokuhlenga izinhlekelele
Lapho wenza ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT, ukuhlola izinqubo zokuphathwa kwempahla ye-IT yenhlangano yakho kubalulekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuthi izimpahla zakho zitholwa, zilandelelwa kanjani, futhi zilahlwe kanjani kuwo wonke umjikelezo wazo wokuphila. Ukuphathwa kwempahla okuphumelelayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlangano yakho iyiqonda kahle ihadiwe nesofthiwe ephethe, izindawo zayo, namashejuli ayo okulungisa.
Qoqa ulwazi mayelana nezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphatha impahla ezikhona ukuze uqale ukuhlola—buyekeza amadokhumenti njengama-oda okuthenga, ama-invoyisi, namarejista ezimpahla. Thola noma yiziphi izikhala noma ukungahambisani kudatha.
Okulandelayo, hlola isistimu yakho yokulandelela impahla. Nquma ukuthi ihlinzeka ngolwazi olunembile nolwakamuva mayelana nempahla yakho. Linganisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zakho zokuphatha uhlu lwempahla, okuhlanganisa indlela izimpahla ezinikezwa abasebenzi nokuthi zikhishwa kanjani umhlalaphansi noma zishintshwa kanjani.
Okokugcina, buyekeza izinqubo zakho zokulahla. Qinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zinqanyulwe ngokwanele futhi idatha ebucayi isulwa ngokuvikelekile ngaphambi kokulahlwa. Ngokuhlola izinqubo zakho zokuphathwa kwempahla ye-IT, ungakwazi ukukhomba izindawo ongazithuthukisa futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izimpahla zenhlangano yakho zilandelelwa futhi zilawulwa ngempumelelo.
Ukuhlaziya ubungozi besistimu ye-IT kanye nobungozi
Ukulahleka kwedatha kungaba nemiphumela emibi kunoma iyiphi inhlangano. Yingakho ukubukeza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisela inhlekelele kubalulekile ekucwaningweni kwesistimu ye-IT. Isu eliyisipele eliqinile liqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ebalulekile igcinwa njalo futhi ingabuyiselwa ngesikhathi sesigameko sokulahleka kwedatha.
Qala ngokuhlola izinqubo zakho zamanje zokusekela ngokulondoloza. Linganisa imvamisa yezipele, izinhlobo zedatha eyenziwayo ikhophi yasenqolobaneni, nezindawo zokugcina. Nquma ukuthi izipele ziyazenzakalela yini futhi uma zihlolwa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bazo.
Okulandelayo, buyekeza izinhlelo zakho zokutakula inhlekelele. Hlola izinqubo ezikhona zokubuyisela amasistimu nedatha ngesikhathi senhlekelele. Hlola izinjongo zesikhathi sokuthola kabusha (ama-RTO) kanye nezinjongo zamaphuzu okubuyisela (ama-RPO) ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zihambisana nezidingo zenhlangano yakho.
Okokugcina, hlola izipele zakho nezinhlelo zokuthola inhlekelele. Yenza izimo ezilinganisiwe zenhlekelele ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwazo. Khomba noma yibuphi ubuthakathaka noma izingqinamba ohlelweni bese wenza ukuthuthukiswa okudingekayo.
Ngokubuyekeza nokubuyekeza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha yakho nezinhlelo zokutakula inhlekelele, unganciphisa ingcuphe yokulahlekelwa idatha futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inhlangano yakho ingalulama ngokushesha kunoma yiziphi izehlakalo ezingalindelekile.
Ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-software kanye ne-hardware inventory
Ukuhlola ubungozi besistimu ye-IT kanye nezingozi kubalulekile ekuqhubeni ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-IT ephumelelayo. Ubungozi bungashiya inhlangano yakho ivulekele ukuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi kanye nokwephulwa kwedatha, kuyilapho ubungozi bungaba nomthelela ekutholakaleni nasekuthembekeni kwamasistimu akho.
Qala ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuba sengozini. Sebenzisa amathuluzi azenzakalelayo noma bandakanya izinsizakalo zochwepheshe be-cybersecurity ukuze uskene amasistimu akho ukuze uthole ubuthakathaka obungaba khona. Thola ubungozi obufana nesofthiwe ephelelwe yisikhathi, amadivayisi angalungiswanga kahle, noma ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi okungavikelekile.
Okulandelayo, beka phambili futhi ulungise ubuthakathaka obukhonjiwe. Yakha uhlelo lokubhekana nokuba sengozini ngakunye, ucabangela umthelela ongaba khona kanye nezinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze kulungiswe. Sebenzisa iziqephu zokuphepha, buyekeza isofthiwe, futhi ulungiselele amadivaysi ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuxhashazwa.
Uma ubungozi sebulungisiwe, hlaziya ubungozi inhlangano yakho ebhekene nayo. Hlola umthelela ongaba khona wezingozi ezifana nokuhluleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, ukuphela kukagesi, noma amaphutha abantu. Khomba izilawuli nezivikelo ezikhona ukuze unciphise lezi zingozi.
Ngokuhlaziya ubungozi kanye nezingozi, ungakwazi ukubhekana ngqo nobuthakathaka bezokuphepha futhi uthuthukise amasu okuvikela amasistimu akho e-IT ezinsongweni ezingaba khona.
Ukuhlola Ukubusa kwe-IT nokuhambisana
Ukuze uphathe ngempumelelo amasistimu akho e-IT, kubalulekile ukuqonda isofthiwe yenhlangano yakho nezimpahla zehadiwe ngokucacile. Ukwenza isoftware kanye nokuhlolwa kwempahla yehadiwe kukusiza ukuthi ubone isofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi noma engagunyaziwe, ulandelele ukuthotshelwa kwelayisensi, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zakho zigcinwa ngendlela efanele.
Qala ngokuqoqa ulwazi mayelana nesofthiwe yakho nempahla yehadiwe. Dala uhlu lwempahla oluhlanganisa izinguqulo zesofthiwe, okhiye belayisense, ukucaciswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, namadethi okuthenga. Sebenzisa amathuluzi azenzakalelayo ukuze uskene amasistimu akho futhi uqoqe idatha enembile.
Okulandelayo, qhathanisa uhlu lwakho lwempahla nempahla yangempela enhlanganweni yakho. Khomba noma yikuphi ukushayisana, njengokufakwa kwesofthiwe okungagunyaziwe noma izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezingabaliwe. Thola umsuka walokhu kungaboni ngaso linye bese uthatha izinyathelo ezifanele ukukuxazulula.
Ukwengeza, buyekeza izivumelwano zakho zelayisensi yesofthiwe. Qinisekisa ukuthi uyayithobela imigomo nemibandela yamalayisense akho. Khomba noma yimaphi amalayisense angasetshenzisiwe noma amathuba okonga izindleko ngokulungiselela amalayisensi.
Ungakwazi ukugcina ukulawula impahla yakho ye-IT ngokwenza uhlolo lwe-software kanye ne-hardware, uqinisekise ukuthobelana nezidingo zamalayisense, nokuthuthukisa isofthiwe yakho nokutshalwa kwezimali kwehadiwe.
Isiphetho nemicabango yokugcina
Ukuphathwa kwe-IT nokuhambisana nakho kubalulekile ukuze izinhlangano zisebenze ngempumelelo futhi zihlangabezane namazinga nemithetho yemboni. Ukuhlola ukubusa kwe-IT kusiza ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zokuthatha izinqumo, kuyilapho ukuthobelana kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezidingo zomthetho nezokulawula.
Qala ngokubuyekeza uhlaka lokuphatha lwe-IT lwenhlangano yakho. Hlola izindima nezibopho zababambe iqhaza ababalulekile ababambe iqhaza ekuthathweni kwezinqumo kwe-IT. Hlola izinqubo zokubeka phambili izinhlelo ze-IT, ukulawula ubungozi, nokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinjongo zebhizinisi.
Okulandelayo, hlola ukuthobela kwenhlangano yakho nemithetho nezindinganiso ezifanele. Thola izimfuneko ezithile ezisebenza embonini yakho, njenge-General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) noma I-Payment Card Industry Data Standard Standard (PCI DSS). Buyekeza izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zenhlangano yakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ziyahlangabezana nalezi zidingo.
Ukwengeza, hlola ukusebenza kwezilawuli ze-IT zenhlangano yakho. Hlola ukusetshenziswa kwezinyathelo zokuphepha, njengezilawuli zokufinyelela, ukubethela, namathuluzi okuqapha. Khomba noma yiziphi izikhala endaweni yakho yokulawula futhi uthuthukise izinhlelo zokubhekana nazo.
Ngokuhlola ukuphatha kwe-IT nokuhambisana nayo, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo ze-IT zenhlangano yakho zihambisana namazinga omkhakha, unciphise ubungozi, futhi ugcine ukwethenjwa kwababambe iqhaza.
