Izinhlelo zokuvimbela ukungena (IPS) kanye amasistimu okuthola ukungena (IDS) angamathuluzi abalulekile ekuvikelekeni kwenethiwekhi, kodwa anezinjongo ezihlukile. Lesi sihloko sizokusiza uqonde umehluko nokuthi bangazuza kanjani isu lakho lokuphepha lenethiwekhi.
Yini i-Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)?
An Uhlelo Lokuvimbela Ukungena (IPS) iyithuluzi lokuphepha lenethiwekhi eliqapha ngenkuthalo futhi lihlaziye ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi ukuze lithole futhi livimbele izinsongo nokuhlaselwa okungaba khona. Ihlola amaphakethe edatha adlula kunethiwekhi futhi iwaqhathanise namasignesha aziwayo okuhlasela kanye nesizindalwazi samaphethini. Uma ukusongela okungaba khona kutholwa, i-IPS ingavimba ngokushesha noma inciphise ukuhlasela, njengokuwisa amaphakethe anonya noma ukulungisa kabusha izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukufinyelela okwengeziwe. Ama-IPS aklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikela kwesikhathi sangempela futhi angasiza ekuvimbeleni ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukwephulwa kwedatha, nezinye izigameko zokuphepha.
Yini i-Intrusion Detection System (IDS)?
Uhlelo Lokuthola Ukungenwa (IDS) iyithuluzi lokuphepha lenethiwekhi eqapha ngokungenzi lutho futhi ehlaziya ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi ukuze ithole izinsongo ezingaba khona nokuhlasela. Ngokungafani ne-IPS, i-IDS ayikuvimbi noma ivimbe ukuhlaselwa kodwa kunalokho yazisa abaphathi noma abasebenzi bezokuphepha lapho kutholwa umsebenzi osolisayo. I-IDS isebenza ngokuhlaziya amaphakethe enethiwekhi futhi iwaqhathanise nesizindalwazi samasiginesha namaphethini okuhlasela awaziwayo. Uma kutholakala usongo olungase lube khona, i-IDS ikhiqiza isexwayiso, esivumela abaphathi ukuthi baphenye futhi bathathe isinyathelo esifanele. Ama-IDS angamathuluzi abalulekile okuthola nokuphendula izehlakalo zokuphepha kodwa awanikezi ukuvikela kwesikhathi sangempela njenge-IPS.
Izici ezibalulekile ze-IPS.
I-Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) iyithuluzi lokuphepha lenethiwekhi eliqapha futhi livimbe izinsongo ezingaba khona nokuhlasela ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngokungafani ne- I-IDS, i-IPS ithola umsebenzi osolisayo futhi ngokushesha ivimbele ukuba lingalimazi. Ezinye izici ezibalulekile ze-IPS zifaka:
1. Ukuvikela Okusemgqeni: I-IPS ihlala ngqo endleleni yethrafikhi yenethiwekhi, iyivumela ukuthi ihlole futhi ivimbe amaphakethe anonya ngaphambi kokuba afike lapho aya khona.
2. Ukutholwa Okusekelwe Kusiginesha: Njenge-IDS, i-IPS isebenzisa isizindalwazi samasiginesha namaphethini okuhlasela ukuze ikhombe izinsongo ezingaba khona. Kodwa-ke, i-IPS iya phambili ngokuvimbela lezi zinsongo ngokusebenzayo esikhundleni sokukhiqiza izexwayiso.
3. Ukutholwa Okusekelwe Ekuziphatheni: Ngokungeziwe ekutholeni okusekelwe kusiginesha, i-IPS ingaphinda ihlaziye ukuziphatha kwenethiwekhi ukuze ihlonze umsebenzi ongajwayelekile noma osolisayo. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola izinsongo ezintsha noma ezingaziwa okungenzeka azinayo isiginesha eyaziwayo.
4. Ukusabela Okuzenzakalelayo: Uma kutholwa ukusongela okungaba khona, i-IPS ingathatha ngokuzenzakalelayo isinyathelo ukuvimba noma ukunciphisa ukuhlasela. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuvimba amakheli e-IP, ukuvala izimbobo zenethiwekhi, noma ukuwisa amaphakethe anonya.
5. Izinqubomgomo Ezenzeka Ngokwezifiso: An I-IPS ivumela abalawuli ukuthi bachaze izinqubomgomo zokuphepha ezithile kanye nemithetho ehambisana nezidingo zenhlangano yabo. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-IPS ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezisongelayo nezimo zenethiwekhi.
6. Ukuhlanganiswa Namanye Amathuluzi Okuvikela: I-IPS ingahlanganisa namanye amathuluzi okuvikela, njengama-firewall kanye nesofthiwe ye-antivirus, ukuze inikeze ukuvikeleka okuphelele ngokumelene nenhlobonhlobo yezinsongo.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zici ezibalulekile, i-IPS inikeza ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo nesikhathi sangempela kunethiwekhi yakho, okusiza ukuvimbela ukuphulwa kokuphepha okungaba khona kanye nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho bamasistimu akho nedatha.
Izici ezibalulekile ze-IDS.
I-Intrusion Detection System (IDS) iyithuluzi lokuphepha lenethiwekhi eliqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi futhi lithola izinsongo nokuhlaselwa okungaba khona. Nakuba i-IDS ingavimbeli noma ivimbele lezi zinsongo, ikhiqiza izexwayiso ukuze yazise abalawuli ngomsebenzi osolisayo. Ezinye izici ezibalulekile ze-IDS zifaka:
1. Ukuqapha Okuqhubekayo: An I-IDS iqapha kancane ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi, ihlaziya amaphakethe futhi ibheka amaphethini noma amasiginesha okuhlasela okwaziwayo. Ayiphazamisi ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi noma yenza noma yisiphi isenzo ukuvimba izinsongo.
2. Ukutholwa Okusekelwe Kusiginesha: I-IDS isebenzisa isizindalwazi samasiginesha namaphethini okuhlasela ukuze kuhlonzwe izinsongo ezingaba khona njenge-IPS. Uma ithola okufanayo, ikhiqiza isexwayiso ukuze yazise abalawuli.
3. Ukutholwa Okusekelwe Ngokungaqondakali: Ngokungeziwe ekutholeni okusekelwe kusiginesha, i-IDS ingaphinda ihlaziye ukuziphatha kwenethiwekhi ukuze ihlonze umsebenzi ongajwayelekile noma osolisayo. Lokhu kusiza ukuthola izinsongo ezintsha noma ezingaziwa okungenzeka azinayo isiginesha eyaziwayo.
4. Isizukulwane Sesexwayiso: Uma kutholwa ingozi engase ibe khona, i-IDS ikhiqiza izexwayiso ezinikeza ulwazi mayelana nomsebenzi osolisayo. Lezi zexwayiso zingabandakanya imininingwane efana nekheli le-IP lomthombo, ikheli le-IP okuyiwa kulo, kanye nohlobo lokuhlasela.
5. Ukuhlaziywa Kwelogu: I-IDS ibhala yonke ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi nezixwayiso ezikhiqizwayo, okuvumela abaphathi ukuthi babuyekeze futhi bahlaziye idatha ukuze kuphenywe okwengeziwe. Lokhu kungasiza ukuhlonza amaphethini noma amathrendi ekuhlaselweni futhi kuthuthukise ukuvikeleka kwenethiwekhi kukonke.
6. Ukuhlanganiswa Nezinhlelo Zolwazi Lokuvikeleka Nokuphathwa Kwemicimbi (SIEM): I-IDS ingahlanganisa nezinhlelo ze-SIEM, ezihlinzeka ngokugawulwa kwemithi okumaphakathi, ukuhlaziya, kanye nokubikwa kwemicimbi yezokuphepha. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuvumela ukuphathwa kwenethiwekhi okungcono nokuhlotshaniswa kwemicimbi yokuphepha.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zici ezibalulekile, i I-IDS isiza izinhlangano ukuthi zithole futhi ziphendule ekuvikelekeni okungaba khona izinsongo, ezihlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile ekuvikelekeni kwenethiwekhi nezinhlelo zabo.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-IPS ne-ID ndawonye.
Ngenkathi i Uhlelo Lokutholwa Kwe-Intrusion (IDS) kanye Nohlelo Lokuvimbela Ukungena (IPS) unezici nezinzuzo ezihlukile, ukuzisebenzisa ndawonye kunganikeza ukuvikeleka okukhulu nakakhulu kwenethiwekhi yakho. Ngokuhlanganisa amandla azo zombili izinhlelo, izinhlangano zingathola futhi zivikele izinsongo ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sangempela, zinciphise ubungozi bokuhlaselwa okuyimpumelelo.
1. Ukuvimbela Usongo Lwesikhathi Sangempela: I-IPS ivimbela futhi ivimbele izinsongo ezingaba khona ukuthi zingangeni kunethiwekhi, inikeze isivikelo esisheshayo ekuhlaselweni okwaziwayo. Le ndlela yokusebenza isiza ukunciphisa umthelela wokuphulwa kwezokuphepha futhi inciphise amathuba okuhlasela okuphumelelayo.
2. Ukubonakala Kwenethiwekhi Okuthuthukisiwe: Izinhlangano zingabuka ngokugcwele ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi yazo nemicimbi yezokuphepha ngokuhlanganisa i-IPS ne-IDS. Lokhu kubonakala kwanda kuvumela ukugadwa okungcono nokuhlaziywa kwezinsongo ezingaba khona, kusize ukuhlonza amaphethini okuhlasela noma amathrendi.
3. Impendulo Yesigameko Ethuthukisiwe: Uma i-IDS ikhiqiza isexwayiso somsebenzi osolisayo, i-IPS ingaphendula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuvimbela noma ukunciphisa usongo. Le mpendulo ezenzakalelayo isiza ukunciphisa isikhathi nomzamo odingekayo ukuze kuphenduleke isigameko, okuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zibhekane nokuphulwa kwezokuphepha ngokushesha.
4. Izidingo Zokuhambisana: Izimboni eziningi zinezidingo zokuthobela eziqondile zokuvikeleka kwenethiwekhi. Ngokusebenzisa i-IPS ne-IDS ndawonye, izinhlangano zingahlangabezana nalezi zidingo ngokuvimbela ngokukhuthele futhi zithole izinsongo ezingaba khona futhi ziqinisekise ukuvikeleka kwedatha ebucayi.
5. Ukusebenza Kwezindleko: Nakuba i-IPS ne-IDS kungase kudinge ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlukene, ukuzisebenzisa ndawonye kunganikeza isixazululo esingabizi kakhulu sokuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Ngokuvimbela nokuthola izinsongo ngesikhathi sangempela, izinhlangano zinganciphisa umonakalo ongaba khona wezezimali nesithunzi obangelwa ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha.
Sengiphetha, i-IPS ne-IDS inganikeza ukuvikeleka kwenethiwekhi okuphelele, okuhlanganisa izinzuzo zokuvimbela usongo lwesikhathi sangempela, ukubonakala okuthuthukisiwe, impendulo yesigameko ethuthukisiwe, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zombili, izinhlangano zingavikela kangcono inethiwekhi yazo nezinhlelo ekusongweni nasekuhlaselweni.
