Ukwembula Okungcono Kakhulu Izinsizakalo Zokuphepha zeCyber Ngebhizinisi Lakho
Ukwembula Okungcono Kakhulu Ezweni lanamuhla eliya ngokuba yidijithali, ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi kuhlale kusongela amabhizinisi. Izingozi, kusukela ekuphulweni kwedatha kuya ekuthelelekeni nge-malware, ziyiqiniso futhi zingase zibe yingozi enkulu. Izinkampani kufanele zitshale imali eqinile izinsiza ze-cybersecurity ukuvikela impahla yabo yedijithali.
Kodwa ngezinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo, ungakhetha kanjani okungcono kakhulu isevisi ye-cybersecurity ngebhizinisi lakho? Ungabe usabheka okunye! Lesi sihloko sizokwembula izinga eliphezulu izinsiza zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi ukwethenjwa abaholi bemboni futhi ingavikela ngempumelelo idatha yakho ebalulekile.
Izincomo zethu zikhethwe ngokucophelela ngokusekelwe ekuthembekeni, ekuvikelweni okuphelele, ukusetshenziswa kalula, kanye nokwesekwa kwamakhasimende. Siyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokuthola isixazululo esihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuphambili futhi esifanelana nesabelomali sakho.
Noma ngabe ibhizinisi elincane noma ibhizinisi elikhulu, lo mhlahlandlela uzokusiza ukuthi uzulazule lapho kuminyene khona imakethe ye-cybersecurity futhi uthole isixazululo esifanelekile sokuvikela izimpahla zakho zedijithali. Ungashiyi ibhizinisi lakho lisengozini yokusongelwa nge-inthanethi. Funda ku thola izinsiza ezingcono kakhulu ze-cybersecurity zebhizinisi lakho namuhla.
Izinsongo ezijwayelekile ze-cyber kanye nomthelela wazo emabhizinisini
Ukuphepha kwe-Cyber kuvikela amakhompyutha, amaseva, amadivaysi eselula, amasistimu kagesi, amanethiwekhi, nedatha kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwedijithali. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukusetshenziswa, ukudalulwa, ukuphazanyiswa, noma ukucekelwa phansi kolwazi. Emhlabeni wanamuhla oxhumene, amabhizinisi athembele kakhulu kubuchwepheshe nengqalasizinda yedijithali, okwenza ukuphepha ku-inthanethi kube isici esibalulekile semisebenzi yawo.
Ukubaluleka koku cyber ayikwazi ukweqisa. Ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi okuphumelelayo kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali, ukulimala kwesithunzi senkampani, izinkinga zomthetho, kanye nedatha yekhasimende esengozini. Njengoba izinsongo ze-inthanethi ziya ngokuya ziba yinkimbinkimbi futhi zanda, amabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi nezimboni kudingeka atshale ezindleleni eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze aqinisekise ukuphepha kwempahla yawo yedijithali.
Izibalo zokuphepha kwe-Cyber namathrendi
Izinsongo ze-Cyber ziza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene futhi zingaba nemiphumela ebalulekile emabhizinisini. Ake sihlolisise ezinye ezivame kakhulu izinsongo ze-cyber kanye nomthelela wabo ongaba khona:
1. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha: Isofthiwe eyingozi efana namagciwane, izikelemu, i-ransomware, ne-spyware ingangena kunethiwekhi yenkampani, yonakalise idatha, iphazamise ukusebenza, futhi iqole imali.
2. Ubugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kubandakanya ukukhohlisa abantu ukuthi baveze ulwazi olubucayi olufana namagama-mfihlo kanye nemininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu ngama-imeyili akhohlisayo, amawebhusayithi, noma izingcingo. Lolu lwazi lungabese lusetshenziselwa ukwebiwa kobunikazi noma ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kuma-akhawunti.
3. Ukuphulwa Kwedatha: Ukwephulwa kwedatha kwenzeka lapho abantu abangagunyaziwe befinyelela idatha ebucayi, efana nolwazi lwekhasimende, izimfihlo zokuhweba, noma amarekhodi ezezimali. Lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni kwesithunzi, imiphumela yezomthetho, nokulahlekelwa ngokwezimali.
4. Ukuhlasela kwe-Denial-of-Service (DoS): Ukuhlasela kwe-DoS kuhloswe ukuphazamisa izinsiza ze-inthanethi zenkampani ngokugcwala amaseva noma amanethiwekhi ngethrafikhi. Lokhu kungenza iwebhusayithi noma inkundla ye-inthanethi ingafinyeleleki, kubangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi.
Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zezinsongo ze-inthanethi amabhizinisi abhekana nazo. Ukuqonda lezi zinsongo kanye nomthelela wazo ongaba khona kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe isu elisebenzayo lokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi.
Ukuthuthukisa a isu elibanzi lokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Ukuze uqonde amandla adonsela phansi ukuphepha kwe-cyber landscape, ake sibheke izibalo ezivula amehlo namathrendi:
1. Ngokombiko weCybersecurity Ventures, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ubugebengu bamakhompuyutha buzodla umhlaba wonke u-$10.5 trillion minyaka yonke ngo-2025.
2. Izindleko ezimaphakathi zokwephulwa kwedatha yenkampani ziyizigidi ezi-3.86 zamaRandi, ngokuya ngo-2020 Izindleko Zombiko Wokwephulwa Kwedatha ye-IBM.
3. Amabhizinisi amancane awavikelekile ekuhlaselweni nge-inthanethi. Ama-43% okuhlaselwa nge-inthanethi aqondise amabhizinisi amancane, njengoba kubikwe umbiko we-Verizon 2020 Data Breach Investigations Report.
4. Ukuhlaselwa kweRansomware kuye kwanda eminyakeni yamuva. Ngo-2020, isilinganiso senkokhelo ye-ransomware sikhuphuke ngo-171% saya ku-$312,493, njengoba kushiwo embikweni we-Palo Alto Networks.
Lezi zibalo zigqamisa isimo esikhulayo sosongo kanye nesidingo sokuthi amabhizinisi atshale imali kumasevisi aqinile okuphepha ku-inthanethi ukuze avikele impahla yawo yedijithali.
Ukuhlola izimpahla zakho zedijithali nokuhlonza ubungozi
Okubanzi isu lokuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Thola futhi ubeke phambili izimpahla zakho zedijithali: Qala ngokukhomba izimpahla ezibalulekile zedijithali ibhizinisi lakho elidinga ukuzivikela, njengedatha yekhasimende, impahla yengqondo, namarekhodi ezezimali. Beka kuqala lezi zimpahla ngokusekelwe ekubalukeni kwazo kanye nomthelela ongaba khona ebhizinisini lakho.
2. Hlola ubungozi: Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwamasistimu akho, amanethiwekhi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ukuze uhlonze ubungozi. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa kokungena, ukuskena ukuba sengozini, nokuhlola ukuphepha. Njalo buyekeza futhi unamathisele isofthiwe yakho ukuze unciphise ubungozi.
3. Sebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela: Khawulela ukufinyelela kudatha ebucayi namasistimu kubantu abagunyaziwe. Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile, ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, nezilawuli zokufinyelela ezisekelwe endimeni ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi abasebenzi abagunyaziwe kuphela abangakwazi ukufinyelela izinsiza ezibalulekile.
4. Fundisa abasebenzi: Qeqesha abasebenzi bakho cyber imikhuba ehamba phambili, efana nokubona ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo. Bakhumbuze njalo ngokubaluleka kwe-cybersecurity kanye nendima yakhona ekugcineni ibhizinisi livikelekile.
5. Ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni nokuthola inhlekelele: Sebenzisa isipele esiqinile nohlelo lokutakula inhlekelele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idatha yakho ihlale inekhophi yasenqolobaneni futhi ingabuyiselwa ngokushesha esimweni sokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu. Hlola njalo izipele zakho ukuze uqinisekise ubuqotho bazo.
6. Qapha futhi uhlonze: Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha kanye nokuhlonza ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze uhlonze futhi uphendule ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi ezingaba khona. Lokhu kungabandakanya amasistimu okuthola ukungena, ukuhlaziywa kwelogi, kanye nezixazululo zolwazi lokuphepha kanye nokuphathwa kwemicimbi (SIEM).
7. Impendulo kanye nokululama kwesigameko: Yakha uhlelo lokuphendula isigameko oluchaza izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe esigamekweni sokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kufanele kubandakanye izindima nezibopho zabasebenzi ababalulekile, izivumelwano zokuxhumana, kanye nezinqubo zokuthola kabusha.
Ungakwazi ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ngempumelelo ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo futhi ngokuqhubekayo ubuyekeze futhi uthuthukise eyakho isu lokuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Ukukhetha okulungile izinsiza zokuphepha ze-inthanethi zebhizinisi lakho
Kunezici ezimbalwa okufanele zibhekwe lapho kukhethwa okulungile amasevisi e-cybersecurity ebhizinisi lakho. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:
1. Ukwethembeka: Bheka abahlinzeki besevisi ye-cyber security ngerekhodi eliqinisekisiwe lokwethembeka. Hlola ukubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende, izitifiketi zomkhakha, nemiklomelo ukuze ulinganise isithunzi sawo.
2. Ukuvikelwa okuphelele: Qinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi inikeza ukuvikeleka okuphelele ezinsongweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, i-ransomware, nokuphulwa kwedatha. Bheka izici ezifana nobuhlakani besikhathi sangempela sokusongela, ukutholwa kwezinsongo ezithuthukile, nokuqapha okuqinile.
3. Ukusebenzisa kalula: Cabangela ukusebenziseka kalula kokwenza nokuphatha izinsiza zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Bheka i-interface yomsebenzisi enembile, izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo, namakhonsoli okuphatha amaphakathi enza inqubo yokuphatha ukuvikela ibe lula.
4. Ukuqina: Khetha a isixazululo sokuphepha kwe-inthanethi engakwazi ukukala nebhizinisi lakho. Njengoba ibhizinisi lakho likhula, izidingo zakho zokuphepha zingashintsha. Bheka izixazululo ezihlangabezana nezidingo zakho zesikhathi esizayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu noma izindleko ezengeziwe.
5. Ukwesekwa kwamakhasimende: Hlola ikhwalithi yokusekelwa kwamakhasimende okuhlinzekwa umhlinzeki wesevisi ye-cyber security. Bheka ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe okungu-24/7, abaphathi bama-akhawunti abazinikele, nezinsiza ezifana nezisekelo zolwazi nezinkundla zabasebenzisi.
Abahlinzeki besevisi yokuphepha ku-inthanethi abaphezulu embonini
Manje, ake singene kokunye okuholayo abahlinzeki besevisi ye-cybersecurity. Laba bahlinzeki bazisungule njengezixazululo ezithembekile nezisebenzayo zamabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi:
1. Umhlinzeki A: Umhlinzeki A unikezela ngohlelo olubanzi lwezinsizakalo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi, okufaka phakathi ukuvikelwa kwendawo yokugcina, ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, nokuphepha kwamafu. Ubuhlakani babo obuthuthukisiwe obusongela amandla namandla okufunda komshini ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kwesikhathi sangempela ezinsongweni ezivelayo.
2. Umhlinzeki B: Umhlinzeki B ugxile kakhulu kumasevisi okuphepha aphethwe, ahlinzeka ngokuqapha okungu-24/7 kanye nokusabela kwesigameko esisheshayo. Yabo ochwepheshe bezokuphepha qinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho livikelekile ubusuku nemini.
3. Umhlinzeki C: Umhlinzeki C ugxile ekuvikelekeni kwamafu, enikeza izixazululo eziqinile zokuvikela idatha nezinhlelo zokusebenza emafini. Ukubethela kwabo okuthuthukisiwe, izilawuli zokufinyelela, nezindlela zokutholwa kosongo kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo emabhizinisini asebenza emafini.
Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zabahlinzeki besevisi abaphezulu be-cybersecurity embonini. Yenza ucwaningo olunzulu, uhlole ukunikezwa kwabo, futhi ucabangele izidingo zebhizinisi lakho ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo.
Izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha isevisi yezokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Lapho uhlola izinsizakalo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi, nazi izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele:
1. Ubuhlakani besikhathi sangempela sokusongela: Bheka amasevisi ahlinzeka ngolwazi lwesikhathi sangempela mayelana nezinsongo ezivelayo kanye nokuba sengozini. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlale ngesinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwezigebengu ze-inthanethi futhi uvikele ngokuqhubekayo izimpahla zakho zedijithali.
2. Ukutholwa kwezinsongo ezithuthukile: Izinsizakalo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ezisebenzayo kufanele zibe namandla athuthukile okuthola izinsongo zokuhlonza nokusabela ezinsongweni ezaziwayo nezingaziwa. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuhlaziywa okusekelwe ekuziphatheni, ama-algorithms wokufunda komshini, nokuskena nge-heuristic.
3. Ukuphatha okumaphakathi: Ikhonsoli yokuphatha emaphakathi ikuvumela ukuthi uqaphe futhi uphathe isixazululo sakho sokuphepha ku-inthanethi usebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa. Lokhu kwenza inqubo yokuphatha ibe lula futhi kunikeza umbono ophelele wokuma kwakho kokuphepha.
4. Ukubuyekezwa okujwayelekile namapeshi: Qinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza zokuphepha ku-inthanethi zivuselela isofthiwe yazo ukuze zibhekane nezinsongo ezintsha kanye nokuba sengozini. Ukusebenzisa ngokushesha amapheshana kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ubungozi bokuxhashazwa.
5. Ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo ezikhona: Cabanga ukuthi izinsiza zokuphepha ku-inthanethi zihlangana kanjani nengqalasizinda yakho ye-IT. Ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kunciphisa ubunkimbinkimbi futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha zisebenza ndawonye ngempumelelo.
Ukuqalisa nokugcina izinyathelo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Ukuqalisa nokugcina izinyathelo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kuyinqubo eqhubekayo. Nansi imikhuba emihle ongayilandela:
1. Vuselela njalo futhi unamathisele isofthiwe: Gcina amasistimu akho okusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nesofthiwe yokuvikela isesikhathini samanje ngeziqephu zakamuva nezibuyekezo. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela ebuthakathakeni obaziwayo kanye nokuxhashazwa.
2. Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo aqinile: Khuthaza amagama ayimfihlo aqinile futhi ahlukile futhi usebenzise ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka. Shintsha njalo amaphasiwedi, ikakhulukazi ama-akhawunti akhethekile.
3. Bethela idatha ebucayi: Sebenzisa ukubethela ukuze uvikele idatha ebucayi lapho uphumule futhi usendleleni. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma ngabe idatha ifakwa engcupheni, ihlala ingafundeki futhi ingasetshenziswa kubantu abangagunyaziwe.
4. Gcina ikhophi yedatha njalo: Sebenzisa isu eliyisipele eliqinile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idatha yakho isekelwa njalo futhi ingabuyiselwa ngokushesha esimweni sokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu. Hlola izipele zakho njalo ukuze uqinisekise ubuqotho bazo.
5. Qeqesha abasebenzi: Qhubeka ufundisa abasebenzi bakho mayelana nezinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Yenza izikhathi zokuqeqesha njalo, thumela izikhumbuzi, futhi ukhuthaze isiko lokuqwashisa ngokuphepha ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yakho.
6. Qaphela futhi uphendule: Sebenzisa amasistimu okuqapha kanye nokuhlonza ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze ubone izinsongo ezingaba khona. Sungula uhlelo lokuphendula ngesigameko oluchaza izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe esigamekweni sokuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Isiphetho: Ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi
Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali, amabhizinisi abhekana nosongo oluqhubekayo lokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi. Imiphumela yokuhlasela okuphumelelayo ingaba yingozi, kokubili ngokwezimali nangokwedumela. Kungakho ukutshala imali ezinsizeni eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile ukuze uvikele impahla yakho yedijithali.
Ngokuqonda i izinsongo ezivamile ze-cyber, usungula isu elibanzi lokuphepha ku-inthanethi, nokukhetha izinsiza ezifanele, ungakwazi ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi. Khumbula njalo ukuvuselela nokugcina izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha, ufundise abasebenzi bakho, futhi uhlale unolwazi mayelana nezitayela zakamuva nezinqubo ezihamba phambili ekuvikelekeni ku-inthanethi.
Ungashiyi ibhizinisi lakho lisengozini yokuhlaselwa nge-inthanethi. Thatha isinyathelo namuhla futhi uvikele izimpahla zakho zedijithali. Ngezinsiza ezifanele zokuphepha ku-inthanethi eceleni kwakho, ungaba nokuthula kwengqondo ngokwazi ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho livikelekile esimweni esishintshashintshayo sosongo.
