Ukugcina Izinhlelo Zakho Ze-IT Zivikelekile Futhi Zithembekile: Izindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokusekela Kwe-IT Okuphumelelayo
Ukugcina amasistimu e-IT aqinile kubalulekile kumabhizinisi ukuze uphumelele endaweni yedijithali yanamuhla. Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kwezinsongo zokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi nokwehluleka kwesistimu kukwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukugcina ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT ivikelekile futhi ithembekile. Yilapho kusebenza khona Izinqubo zokusekela ze-IT ezihilelekile.
Le ndatshana ingena ijule emikhubeni ehamba phambili izinhlangano okufanele izemukele ukuze ziqinisekise ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo zazo ze-IT. Kusukela ekusebenziseni izilawuli eziqinile zokufinyelela kanye nokubuyekezwa kwesistimu njalo kuya ekuhloleni ubungozi okuphelele kanye nokuhlelwa kokuhlenga kabusha kwezinhlekelele, sizohlola izinyathelo ezibalulekile okufanele ibhizinisi ngalinye lizithathe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizoxoxa ngokubaluleka ukuqapha okusebenzayo kanye nokusabela kwesigameko amaphrothokholi ukukhomba ngokushesha nokuxazulula izinkinga ezingaba khona, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle. Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili, ungakwazi ukuvikela idatha yakho ebalulekile, uvikele isithunzi senkampani yakho, futhi ugcine ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende akho nozakwethu.
Ungavumeli izinsongo ze-cybersecurity kanye nokwehluleka kwe-IT kuvimbele impumelelo yebhizinisi lakho. Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sembula amasu alungile nezinyathelo okudingeka uzithathe ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okuphelele kwe-IT nokuthula kwengqondo.
Ukubaluleka koku Usekelo lwe-IT lwamabhizinisi
Esimeni sanamuhla sebhizinisi, izinhlelo ze-IT seziphenduke umgogodla wokusebenza kwezinhlangano kuzo zonke izimboni. Kusukela ekuphatheni idatha ebucayi kuya ekusizeni ukuxhumana nezinqubo zokulula, ukuthembela kubuchwepheshe akunakuphikwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo ze-IT kubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni yesikhathi eside.
Ngaphandle kokusekelwa okwanele kwe-IT, amabhizinisi asengozini yenqwaba yezingozi. Ukuhlasela kwe-Cyberate, ukwephulwa kwedatha, ukwehluleka kwesistimu, nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe konke kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezimali, ukonakala kwesithunzi, nemithelela yezomthetho. Izindleko zokululama ezehlakalweni ezinjalo zingaba ngokwezinkanyezi, ingasaphathwa eyokulahlekelwa okungase kube khona ukwethenjwa nokwethembeka kwamakhasimende.
Ukutshala imali ezinsizeni eziqinile zokwesekwa kwe-IT akuyona nje inketho kodwa kuyisidingo. Ngamasu nezinqubo ezifanele, amabhizinisi angakwazi ukunciphisa ubungozi, avimbele izinkinga ezingaba khona, futhi aphendule ngokushesha nangempumelelo lapho kuphakama izinkinga. Ake sihlole ubungozi obuthile obujwayelekile amasistimu e-IT abhekana nabo kanye nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokubhekana nabo.
Ukuba sengozini kwesistimu ye-IT evamile
Imithombo ehlukahlukene ihlale isongela amasistimu e-IT, okuhlanganisa abaduni, uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, iphutha lomuntu, kanye nokwehluleka kwe-hardware/software. Ukuqonda lobu bungozi kubalulekile ekusebenziseni izinyathelo ezifanele zokuphepha kanye nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu.
Obunye ubungozi obuvame kakhulu izilawuli zokufinyelela ezibuthakathaka. Izinqubomgomo zephasiwedi ezinganele, ukuntuleka kokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, nezimvume ezinganele zomsebenzisi kungashiya amasistimu akho esengozini yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe. Ukwengeza, isofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi kanye nokuba sengozini okungakabhalwanga kudala izindawo zokungena ukuze izigebengu ze-inthanethi zizixhaphaze.
Obunye ubungozi ukushoda kwezipele zedatha ezijwayelekile kanye nokuhlela ukutakula inhlekelele. Ukulahleka kwedatha kungenzeka ngenxa yokuhluleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, izinhlekelele zemvelo, noma ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi. Ngaphandle kwamasu aphelele okwenza isipele kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisela ezichazwe kahle, amabhizinisi asengozini yokulahlekelwa ulwazi olubalulekile futhi abhekane nesikhathi eside sokuphumula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuthakathaka bezokuphepha kwenethiwekhi bubeka engcupheni enkulu. Izindonga zokuvikela ezinganele, amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi angavikelekile, nokudluliswa kwedatha okungabethelwe kungadalula amasistimu akho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe nasekucabhelweni kwedatha. Imikhuba emibi yokuphatha isichibi, njengokudebesela izibuyekezo zesofthiwe, ingashiya ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT ibe sengozini yokuba sengozini okwaziwayo kwezokuvikela.
Izindlela ezihamba phambili zokuvikela amasistimu e-IT
Ukuze ubhekane nalobu buthakathaka futhi uqinisekise ukuvikeleka nokuthembeka kwamasistimu akho e-IT, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu ezihlanganisa izici ezihlukahlukene zosekelo lwe-IT. Ake sihlole ezinye izinqubo ezibalulekile izinhlangano okufanele zizenze.
Ukusebenzisa Izilawuli Zokufinyelela Eziqinile
Ukuze uvikele amasistimu akho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuphoqelela izinqubomgomo eziqinile zamaphasiwedi, ezifana nokusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo ayinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuwabuyekeza njalo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha ngokudinga abasebenzisi ukuthi banikeze ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe, njengekhodi ehlukile ethunyelwa kumakhalekhukhwini wabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimvume zomsebenzisi kufanele zinikezwe ngokucophelela, zinikeze kuphela amalungelo adingekayo ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Ukubuyekezwa okuvamile kwamalungelo okufinyelela komsebenzisi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abasebenzi banamazinga okufinyelela afanelekile asekelwe emisebenzini yabo nezibopho zabo.
Ngokusebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile, amabhizinisi anganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe futhi avikele idatha yawo ebalulekile.
Izipele Ezivamile Zedatha kanye Nokuhlelwa Kokubuyisela Inhlekelele
Ukulahleka kwedatha kungaba nemiphumela eyinhlekelele kumabhizinisi. Ngakho-ke, amakhophi avamile edatha kanye nokuhlelwa kokuhlenga kabusha kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi futhi kuncishiswe isikhathi sokungasebenzi ngesikhathi senhlekelele noma ukwehluleka kohlelo.
Izipele zedatha kufanele zenziwe njalo futhi zigcinwe ngokuphephile ezindaweni ezingaxhunyiwe noma izixazululo ezisekelwe emafini. Ukuhlola inqubo yokubuyisela ngezikhathi ezithile kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izipele ziyasebenza futhi zingabuyiselwa ngokushesha.
Ngokungeziwe kumakhophi edatha, izinhlangano kufanele zenze izinhlelo ezibanzi zokuhlenga izinhlekelele. Lezi zinhlelo ziveza izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwesistimu noma ukwephulwa kwedatha, okuhlanganisa izindima nezibopho zabasebenzi ababalulekile, izivumelwano zokuxhumana, kanye nenqubo yokubuyisela ukusebenza. Ukuhlola njalo lezi zinhlelo kubalulekile ukuze ubone izikhala noma ubuthakathaka futhi wenze ukuthuthukiswa okudingekayo.
Izinyathelo Zokuphepha Zenethiwekhi
Ukuvikela inethiwekhi yakho kubalulekile ukuze uvikele amasistimu akho e-IT ezinsongweni zangaphandle. Ukusebenzisa i-firewall eqinile kuyindlela yokuqala yokuzivikela, njengoba ihlunga ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo nephumayo futhi ivimbe imizamo yokufinyelela engagunyaziwe.
Ukwengeza, ukuvikela amanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi athembele ekuxhumekeni okungenantambo. Ukusebenzisa izimiso eziyisisekelo zokubethela okuqinile, ukushintsha amagama enethiwekhi azenzakalelayo namaphasiwedi, futhi ukukhubaza amanethiwekhi esivakashi kungasiza ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi yakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudluliswa kwedatha ngekhodi kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi olubucayi alunakuvinjwa noma lusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Ubuchwepheshe be-VPN (i-Virtual Private Network) bungadala ukuxhumana okuphephile kwabasebenzi abakude noma lapho befinyelela amanethiwekhi angaphandle kwenhlangano.
Ukuphathwa Kweziqephu nezibuyekezo zeSoftware
Ukugcina isofthiwe yakho ibuyekeziwe kubalulekile ukuze ugcine ukuphepha nokwethembeka kwesistimu. Abathuthukisi be-software bavame ukukhulula izibuyekezo ezibhekana nokuba sengozini kwezokuvikela futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza. Ukwehluleka ukusebenzisa lezi zibuyekezo ngokushesha kungaveza amasistimu akho ezenzweni ezaziwayo.
Ukusebenzisa inqubo esebenzayo yokuphatha ama-patch kubalulekile ekubuyekezeni njalo yonke isofthiwe nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Le nqubo ibandakanya ukuhlonza kanye nokubeka phambili izibuyekezo, ukuzihlola endaweni elawulwayo, nokuzithumela ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ngokushesha. Amathuluzi okuphatha amapeshi azenzakalelayo angenza le nqubo ibe lula, ehlise ubungozi bephutha lomuntu futhi aqinisekise izibuyekezo ezifika ngesikhathi.
Ukuqapha kanye Nempendulo Yesigameko
Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kanye nokusabela kwesigameko kubalulekile ekuhlonzeni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga ze-IT ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuthi zidlondlobale. Ngokuqhubeka nokuqapha amasistimu akho e-IT, ungathola okudidayo, izingqinamba zokusebenza, noma ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha kusenesikhathi, okuvumela ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi.
Ukusebenzisa isisombululo sokuqapha esiqinile kunika amandla izexwayiso nezaziso zesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela amaqembu osekelo lwe-IT ukuthi aphendule ngokushesha ezinkingeni ezingaba khona. Ukuqapha kufanele kufake izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi, ukusebenza kwesistimu, isikhathi sokuphumula sohlelo lokusebenza, nemicimbi yokuphepha. Ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okuqapha athuthukile, amabhizinisi angathola imininingwane ebalulekile ngempilo yesistimu nokusebenza, enze ukunakekelwa okusebenzayo kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga.
Ngaphezu kokuqapha, ukuba nohlelo lokuphendula isigameko oluchazwe kahle kubalulekile. Lolu hlelo luveza izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe uma kwenzeka kuba nesigameko sokuvikeleka noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu, okuhlanganisa abantu abanesibopho somsebenzi ngamunye, izivumelwano zokuxhumana, kanye nezinqubo zokukhuphuka. Ukuhlola njalo nokubuyekeza lolu hlelo kuqinisekisa ukuthi luhlala lusebenza futhi luhambisana nesimo esishintshayo sosongo.
Ukusebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile
Ngaphandle kokuphepha, ukusekelwa kwe-IT kuqinisekisa kakhulu ukwethembeka nokusebenza okuphelele kwezinhlelo zakho ze-IT. Ngosekelo olufanele, amabhizinisi anganciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, axazulule izinkinga kahle, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kwesistimu.
Ukusabela okusheshayo nokuxazululwa kwezinkinga zobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle. Amathimba asekela i-IT kufanele abe nezivumelwano zezinga lesevisi ezichazwe kahle (ama-SLA) ezichaza izikhathi zokuphendula kanye nezinhloso zokuxazulula izigameko ezahlukene. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izindaba ze-IT zilungiswa ngokushesha, kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa okusebenzayo, ukubuyekezwa kwesistimu, nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kubalulekile ekugcineni amasistimu e-IT esebenza kahle. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezempilo kwesistimu, ukulungiswa kokusebenza, nokuhlelwa kwamandla kusiza ukuhlonza kanye nokubhekana nezingqinamba ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni.
Ukutshala imali ezinsizeni ezithembekile zokwesekwa kwe-IT kuqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu akho ayasebenza futhi kuvumela abasebenzi bakho bangaphakathi be-IT ukuthi bagxile ezinhlelweni zamasu kunezinkinga zobuchwepheshe zokucisha umlilo. Ukunikeza ukwesekwa kwe-IT kochwepheshe abanolwazi kunganikeza ukufinyelela kulwazi olukhethekile, amathuluzi athuthukile, nokusekelwa ubusuku nemini, okuthuthukisa amakhono akho e-IT jikelele.
Amakhophi avamile edatha nokuhlela ukutakula inhlekelele
Emhlabeni okhulayo wedijithali, amabhizinisi kufanele abeke phambili ukwesekwa kwe-IT ukuze aqinisekise ukuphepha nokwethembeka kwezinhlelo zawo ze-IT. Izinhlangano zinganciphisa ubungozi, zivikele idatha ebalulekile, futhi zinciphise isikhathi sokuphumula ngokusebenzisa imikhuba emihle njengezilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile, izipele zedatha evamile, izinyathelo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi, izibuyekezo zesofthiwe, nokuqapha okusebenzayo.
Ukutshala imali ezinsizakalweni ezisebenzayo zokusekela ze-IT akuzona izindleko kodwa ukutshalwa kwezimali empumelelweni yesikhathi eside. Ngokubambisana nochwepheshe abanolwazi, amabhizinisi angasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bawo, athole ukufinyelela kumathuluzi athuthukile, futhi aqinisekise ukuthi amasistimu awo e-IT avikelekile futhi athuthukiswa.
Ungavumeli izinsongo ze-cybersecurity kanye nokwehluleka kwe-IT kuvimbele impumelelo yebhizinisi lakho. Yamukela izinqubo ezihamba phambili ezichazwe kulesi sihloko futhi ubeke phambili ukwesekwa kwe-IT. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ungakwazi ukuvikela idatha yakho ebalulekile, uvikele isithunzi senkampani yakho, futhi ugcine ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende akho nozakwethu. Khumbula, ukusekelwa kwe-IT okuphelele kuholela ekuthuleni kwengqondo futhi kuvula indlela yokukhula nokuqanjwa kabusha enkathini yedijithali yanamuhla.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi
Emhlabeni we-IT, idatha iyikho konke. Ukulahlekelwa idatha ebalulekile kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emabhizinisini, kusukela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali kuya esimeni esilimele. Yingakho ukugcinwa kwedatha evamile kanye nokuhlelwa kokuhlenga kabusha inhlekelele kubalulekile.
1. Izipele Zedatha: Ukusekela njalo idatha yakho kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho noma amasistimu akho esengozini, ungakwazi ukubuyisela ulwazi lwakho ngokushesha futhi unciphise isikhathi sokuphumula. Sebenzisa isu lokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni elihlanganisa kokubili izipele eziku-inthanethi nezingekho endaweni. Izipele ezisendaweni zinikeza ukufinyelela okusheshayo kudatha, kuyilapho izipele ezingaphandle kwendawo zinikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela ekulimaleni ngokomzimba noma ukwebiwa.
2. Ukuhlelwa Kokubuyisela Inhlekelele: Ukuhlelwa kokutholwa kwenhlekelele kuhilela ukudala isu eliphelele lokusingatha izinhlekelele ze-IT ezingaba khona, njengokuhluleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, izinhlekelele zemvelo, noma ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi. Khomba amasistimu nedatha ebalulekile, uthuthukise izinqubo zokubuyisela kabusha, futhi usungule imigudu yokuxhumana ukuze ugcine ababambiqhaza benolwazi ngesikhathi sesigameko. Hlola njalo uhlelo lwakho lokutakula izinhlekelele ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwalo.
3. Ukuqhubeka Kwebhizinisi: Uhlelo oluklanywe kahle lokuhlenga izinhlekelele luhambisana nokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi. Iqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho lingaqhubeka nokusebenza ngisho noma libhekene nokuphazamiseka. Cabangela ezinye izindlela zokuncishiswa kwezinhlelo zomsebenzi futhi ubeke phambili izinqubo ezibalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela wanoma yiziphi izigameko ezihlobene ne-IT.
Ngokubeka phambili izipele zedatha evamile kanye nokuhlelwa kokuhlenga kabusha inhlekelele, ungavikela ibhizinisi lakho ekulahlekeni kwedatha futhi uqinisekise ukuphazamiseka okuncane esimeni se-IT. Khumbula, ukuvikela kuhlala kungcono kunokwelapha. Sebenzisa le mikhuba ukuze uhlale isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwezinsongo ezingaba khona.
Ukuphathwa kweziqephu nezibuyekezo zesofthiwe
Ukuvikela inethiwekhi yakho kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe nokuvikela idatha ebucayi. Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi eziqinile kubalulekile ukuze uvikele amasistimu akho e-IT.
1. I-Firewall kanye Nezinhlelo Zokutholwa Kwezingenele: Izindonga zomlilo zisebenza njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela ezinsongweni zangaphandle ngokuqapha nokulawula ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo naphumayo. Amasistimu okuthola ukungena kwe-Intrusion (IDS) ahambisana nama-firewall ngokuhlonza nokusabela ekwephulweni kwezokuphepha okungaba khona. Njalo buyekeza futhi ulungiselele lezi zinhlelo ukuze zivikeleke ezinsongweni zakamuva.
2. Izilawuli Zokufinyelela: Sebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile ukuze ubeke umkhawulo wokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumasistimu akho e-IT. Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi avikelekile, ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, nokulawula ukufinyelela okusekelwe endimeni ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi izisebenzi ezigunyaziwe kuphela ezingafinyelela idatha ebucayi. Buyekeza futhi ubuyekeze amalungelo okufinyelela njalo ukuze uhambisane nezinguquko zabasebenzi kanye nezidingo zokuphepha.
3. Ukubethela: Ukubhala ngemfihlo idatha ebucayi kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela, kuyenza ingafundeki kubantu abangagunyaziwe ngisho noma bethola ukufinyelela kudatha. Sebenzisa izimiso zokubethela zedatha lapho uphumule futhi usendleleni, njenge-SSL/TLS ukuze uthole ukuxhumana okuphephile kwewebhu kanye nokubethela kwediski eligcwele ukuze ugcine idatha ngokuphephile kumadivayisi.
4. Isegimenti Yenethiwekhi: Ukuhlukanisa inethiwekhi yakho kuhlukanisa izingxenye ezihlukene zengqalasizinda yakho, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi abahlaseli banyakaze babheke eceleni ngaphakathi kwamasistimu akho. Ngokuhlukanisa amasistimu abalulekile kwalawo angazwela kakhulu, unganciphisa umthelela ongaba khona wokwephulwa kwezokuphepha futhi ukhawulele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
Ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha zenethiwekhi, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe futhi uvikele idatha yakho ebalulekile ukuthi ingaweli ezandleni ezingalungile. Hlala uphambili kunezigebengu ze-inthanethi ngalezi zinqubo ezibalulekile.
Ukuqapha kanye nempendulo yesigameko
Ukugcina isofthiwe yakho nezinhlelo zisesikhathini samanje kubalulekile ekugcineni ingqalasizinda ye-IT evikelekile nethembekile. Ukuchibiyela ubungozi njalo kanye nokubuyekeza isofthiwe kubalulekile ukuze uvikele ezinsongweni ezihlala zivela endaweni yedijithali.
1. Ukuphathwa Kwepheshi: Sungula inqubo eqinile yokuphatha isichibi ukuze uqinisekise ukufakwa ngesikhathi kweziqephu zokuphepha nezibuyekezo. Gada njalo ukukhishwa kwabathengisi kanye namanqamu okuphepha ukuze ubone ubungozi obudinga ukupeshishwa. Hlola amapeshi endaweni elawulwayo ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa kuwo wonke amasistimu wakho ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuphazamiseka.
2. Ukubuyekezwa Kwesofthiwe: Ngaphandle kokuphathwa kwezichibi, ukuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngezibuyekezo zesofthiwe kubalulekile. Ibuyekeza isofthiwe ikhuluma ngokuba sengozini kwezokuvikela futhi yethule izici ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa. Hlola njalo izibuyekezo ezivela kubathengisi besofthiwe futhi uzifake ngokushesha ukuze uzuze ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe nokuphepha okuthuthukisiwe.
3. Ukuskena Ukuba sengozini: Yenza ukuskena okujwayelekile kokuba sengozini ukuze uhlonze ubuthakathaka bezinhlelo zakho ze-IT kanye nezindawo zokungena ezingaba khona. Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuskena azenzakalelayo noma bandakanya ochwepheshe bezinkampani zangaphandle ukuze wenze uhlolo olubanzi lokuba sengozini. Bhekana nobuthakathaka obuhlonziwe ngokushesha ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuxhashazwa.
Ngokubeka phambili ukuphathwa kwezichibi nezibuyekezo zesofthiwe, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokuphulwa kwezokuphepha kanye nokwehluleka kwesistimu okubangelwa ubungozi obaziwayo. Ungavumeli isofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi ibe isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka kungqalasizinda yakho ye-IT.
Indima yokusekelwa kwe-IT ekuqinisekiseni ukwethembeka kwesistimu
Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kanye nokusabela kwesigameko kuyizici ezibalulekile zokusekelwa okwanele kwe-IT. Unganciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, uvimbele ukuphulwa kwedatha, futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle ngokugada ngokuqhubekayo amasistimu akho e-IT futhi uphendule ngokushesha ezinkingeni ezingaba khona.
1. Ukuqapha Ezokuphepha: Sebenzisa uhlelo oluqinile lokuthola nokusabela ezigamekweni ezingaba khona zokuphepha. Ukuze uhlonze imisebenzi esolisayo noma okudidayo, sebenzisa amasistimu okuthola ukungena, ukuhlaziya amalogi, nolwazi lwezokuphepha kanye namathuluzi okuphatha umcimbi (SIEM). Sungula imithetho elandelwayo ecacile yokuphendula isigameko ukuze uqinisekise isinyathelo esisheshayo lapho kwenzeka isigameko sokuphepha.
2. Ukuqapha Ukusebenza: Ukuqapha ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zakho ze-IT kukuvumela ukuthi ubone futhi ubhekane nezingqinamba ezingase zibe khona futhi wandise ukwabiwa kwezinsiza. Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuqapha ukuze ulandelele amamethrikhi okusebenza kwesistimu afana nokusetshenziswa kwe-CPU, ukusetshenziswa kwememori, nomkhawulokudonsa wenethiwekhi. Setha izexwayiso nemikhawulo ukuze ubhekane nezinkinga zokusebenza ngaphambi kokuthi zinyuke.
3. Ukuhlelwa Kwempendulo Yesigameko: Yenza uhlelo oluphelele lokuphendula isigameko oluchaza izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe uma kwenzeka izehlakalo zokuphepha noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu. Khomba abasebenzi ababalulekile abanomthwalo wemfanelo ekuphenduleni isigameko, sungula imigudu yokuxhumana, futhi uchaze izinqubo zokwenyuka. Hlola njalo futhi ubuyekeze ifayela uhlelo lokuphendula ngesigameko ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwayo.
Ngokuqapha ngenkuthalo amasistimu akho e-IT nokuba nohlelo lokuphendula isigameko oluchazwe kahle, ungakwazi ukubona ngokushesha futhi ulungise izinkinga ezingaba khona, unciphise umthelela ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi lakho. Hlala umatasa futhi uhlale ulawula ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT.
Ukutshala imali eyanele Ukusekelwa kwe-IT impumelelo yesikhathi eside
Ukwesekwa okuhle kwe-IT kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukwethembeka kwezinhlelo zakho ze-IT. Ngokuba nethimba elizinikele lochwepheshe be-IT abasekela ingqalasizinda yakho, ungakwazi ukubhekana nezinkinga ngokushesha, ugade amasistimu akho ngokuqhubekayo, futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo.
1. Usekelo Lwedeskitho Losizo: Ithimba losekelo ledeski losizo eliphendulayo nelinolwazi libalulekile ekubhekaneni nezinkinga zabasebenzisi nokuxazulula izinkinga zobuchwepheshe. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukwesekwa kwedeski lakho losizo kufinyeleleka kalula futhi kunikeza usizo olufika ngesikhathi kubasebenzi bakho.
2. Ukuqapha Kwesistimu Esebenzayo: Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuqapha asebenzayo nezinqubo ukuze uhlonze izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe nomthelela kumasistimu akho. Ngokuqhubeka nokuqapha ukusebenza kwesistimu, imicimbi yezokuphepha, kanye nempilo yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, ithimba lakho labasekeli be-IT lingabhekana nezinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zande, linciphise isikhathi sokuphumula.
3. Ukugcinwa Okuvamile Nezibuyekezo: Ukusekelwa kwe-IT kufanele kube nesibopho sokugcina nokuvuselela amasistimu akho e-IT njalo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa iziqephu zokuphepha, ukuhlela isofthiwe, nokwenza imisebenzi yokulungisa evamile. Ngokuphatha ingqalasizinda yakho ngokuqhubekayo, ukusekelwa kwe-IT kungavimbela izinkinga ezingaba khona futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwesistimu.
4. Ukuqeqeshwa Nemfundo: Ukwesekwa kwe-IT kufanele kunikeze ukuqeqeshwa nemfundo eqhubekayo kubasebenzi ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi bayazazi izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu ze-cybersecurity futhi bangasebenzisa ngempumelelo izinhlelo ze-IT. Ziphathe njalo izinhlelo zokuqwashisa futhi unikeze izinsiza zokusiza abasebenzi bahlale benolwazi futhi baqaphe ngezinsongo ezingase zibe khona.
Ukutshala imali ekusekelweni okwanele kwe-IT kuqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu akho e-IT asebenza kahle, anciphisa ukuphazamiseka, futhi andise umkhiqizo. Ungabukeli phansi ukubaluleka kwethimba elithembekile le-IT empumelelweni yebhizinisi lakho.
Ukwesekwa okwanele kwe-IT kubalulekile kunoma iyiphi inhlangano ethembele kubuchwepheshe. Kusukela ekuxazululeni izinkinga zezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha kanye nezindaba zesofthiwe kuya ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, ochwepheshe bosekelo lwe-IT badlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni amabhizinisi esebenza kahle. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizofaka izinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuhlinzeka ngosekelo lwe-IT olusezingeni eliphezulu, okuhlanganisa amasu okuxhumana, amasu okuxazulula izinkinga, namathiphu okuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngamathrendi akamuva ezobuchwepheshe.
Sungula imigudu yokuxhumana ecacile.
Ukuxhumana okucacile kubalulekile ekunikezeni ukwesekwa okwanele kwe-IT. Sula imigudu yokuxhumana phakathi kwabasebenzi abasekela i-IT nabasebenzisi bokugcina bangasiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga ngokushesha nangempumelelo. Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukusetha ideski losizo elizinikele noma isistimu yamathikithi, ukuhlinzeka ngendlela ecacile yokukhuphuka yezindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokuxhumana njalo ngezibuyekezo nenqubekelaphambili kubasebenzisi bokugcina. Kubalulekile futhi ukusungula iziteshi zokuxhumana ezicacile ngaphakathi kwethimba labasekeli be-IT ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi wonke umuntu usekhasini elifanayo futhi usebenzela ukufeza izinhloso ezifanayo.
Beka kuqala futhi uhlukanise izicelo zosekelo.
Enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokusekela i-IT ukubeka phambili nokuhlukanisa izicelo zosekelo. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izindaba eziphuthumayo zisingathwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo kuyilapho izinkinga ezicindezela kancane zingasingathwa ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuphazamisa omunye umsebenzi. Ungasebenzisa isistimu yamathikithi noma isofthiwe yedeskithophu yosizo ukuze uhlukanise izicelo ngokwezigaba ngokusekelwe kokuphuthuma, ubunzima, nezinye izici. Kubalulekile futhi ukusungula imihlahlandlela ecacile yokubeka phambili izicelo kanye nokuzixhumanisa nabasebenzisi bokugcina kanye nabasebenzi abasekela i-IT. Lokhu kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu usekhasini elifanayo futhi usebenzela ukufeza imigomo efanayo.
Dala isisekelo solwazi sezindaba ezivamile.
Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuthuthukisa ukwesekwa kwe-IT ukwakha isisekelo solwazi sezindaba ezivamile. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa inani lezicelo zosekelo ngokunikeza abasebenzisi izinsiza zokuzisiza nokubanikeza amandla okuxazulula izinkinga zabo. Isisekelo solwazi singafaka ama-athikili, okokufundisa, amavidiyo, nezinye izinsiza ezibhekana nezinkinga ezivamile futhi zinikeze imiyalelo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo sokuzixazulula. Kubalulekile ukugcina isisekelo solwazi sisesikhathini samanje nokukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuthi banikele ngezisombululo zabo nempendulo. Lokhu kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo solwazi sihlala sibalulekile futhi sibalulekile.
Sebenzisa ukunakekela okusebenzayo nokuqapha.
Ukunakekela okusebenzayo nokuqapha kubalulekile ukusekela kwe-IT izinqubo ezingasiza ukuvimbela izinkinga ngaphambi kokuthi zenzeke. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola njalo amasistimu namathuluzi ngezinkinga ezingaba khona, njengesofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi, ukwehluleka kwehadiwe, noma ukuba sengozini kwezokuvikela. Ngokuhlonza nokubhekana nalezi zinkinga kusenesikhathi, amathimba e-IT angagwema ukwehla esibizayo futhi anciphise umthelela womsebenzisi. Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kungasiza futhi ukukhomba amathrendi namaphethini angazisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda ye-IT.
Hlala uhlola futhi uthuthukise izinqubo zakho zosekelo.
Ukwesekwa kwe-IT kuyinkambu ehlala ivela, futhi kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokuqhubekayo futhi uthuthukise izinqubo zakho zosekelo ukuze uhlale uphambi kwejika. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuqoqa impendulo yomsebenzisi, ukulandelela amamethrikhi njengezikhathi zokuphendula namazinga okuxazulula izinkinga, nokubuyekeza njalo nokubuyekeza imibhalo nezinqubo. Ngokuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ucwenge izinqubo zakho zosekelo, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi ithimba lakho lihlinzeka ngesevisi engcono kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka kubasebenzisi futhi lihlala linolwazi lwakamuva ngamathrendi akamuva embonini nezinqubo ezihamba phambili.
