I-IT Cyber ​​​​Security Threats

Umhlahlandlela Wokugcina Wokuvikela Ibhizinisi Lakho Ekuhlaselweni Kwe-Cyber

Njengoba ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi kuqhubeka ukwanda ngobuningi nobunkimbinkimbi, ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho kulezi zinsongo sekubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzokuhlomisa ngolwazi namasu okuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ezigebengwini ze-inthanethi.

Njengoba ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi kuya ngokuya kuba yinkimbinkimbi, akuseyona indaba yokuthi ibhizinisi lakho lizoqondiswa nini. Imiphumela ingaba mibi kakhulu ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okufanele - kusukela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali kuya ekulimaleni kwesithunzi.

Lo mhlahlandlela uzofaka yonke into kusukela ekuqondeni izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kuya ekusebenziseni izindlela zokuphepha eziqinile kuyo yonke inhlangano yakho. Sizocwila emhlabeni wohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, i-ransomware, nokunye kuyilapho sikunikeza izinyathelo ezingenzeka zokuqinisa ukuzivikela kwakho.

Ngesikhathi uqeda ukufunda lo mhlahlandlela, uyobe usuqonda kabanzi izinsongo ibhizinisi lakho elibhekene nazo kanye nezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uzinciphise. Ngakho-ke, lungele ukukhulisa ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi futhi uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ezingozini ezihlala zivela zomhlaba wedijithali.

Ukuqonda ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber kanye nomthelela wako emabhizinisini

Esimeni sanamuhla sedijithali, ukuhlasela kwe-inthanethi sekuphenduke iqiniso elibuhlungu kumabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi. Umthelela walokhu kuhlasela udlulela ngalé kokulahlekelwa kwezimali, okunamandla okubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka esithunzini senkampani nokuthenjwa kwamakhasimende. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela ibhizinisi lakho kulezi zinsongo ezihlala zivela.

Izinhlobo zokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi

1. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha - Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, okufushanisiwe isofthiwe enonya, igama elibanzi elihlanganisa izinhlelo zesofthiwe eziyingozi. Lezi zinhlelo zenzelwe ukungena ngesinyenyela kumasistimu namanethiwekhi ngenhloso yokudala umonakalo, ukweba imininingwane ebucayi, noma ukuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha zifaka amagciwane, izikelemu, ama-trojan, ne-ransomware.

2. Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kuhilela amaqhinga okukhohlisa abantu ukuze baveze ulwazi olubucayi, olufana namaphasiwedi, imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu, noma izinombolo zokuphepha komphakathi. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zivame ukuzenza njengezinkampani ezisemthethweni, njengamabhange noma abathengisi be-inthanethi, ukuze zihehe izisulu ezingalindelekile ukuba zinikeze idatha yazo.

3. I-Ransomware - Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Ransomware kuzuze ukuvelela okuphawulekayo eminyakeni yamuva. Lokhu kuhlasela kuhilela ukubethela amafayela esisulu noma ukuwakhiya ngaphandle kwamasistimu azo kuze kukhokhwe isihlengo. Imiphumela yokuba yisisulu se-ransomware ingaba mibi kakhulu, amabhizinisi abhekane nokulahlekelwa kwezimali kanye nemithelela engase ibe khona yezomthetho neyokulawula.

Ukubaluleka kwe-cybersecurity kumabhizinisi

Imvamisa ekhulayo nobunkimbinkimbi bokuhlasela ku-inthanethi kugqamisa ukubaluleka okubalulekile koku ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile ze-cybersecurity ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yakho. Ukudebeselela ukutshala imali ku-cybersecurity kungashiya ibhizinisi lakho lisengozini yezinsongo eziningi, ebeka engcupheni idatha yakho ebucayi, ukuzinza kwezezimali, kanye, ekugcineni, nesithunzi sakho.

Ukulahlekelwa ngokwezimali

Umthelela wezezimali wokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi ungaba mkhulu. Kusukela ezindlekweni ezihambisana nokuphenya ukwephulwa komthetho nokubuyisela amasistimu ezinkokhelweni zomthetho ezingaba khona kanye nezinhlawulo zokulawula, imiphumela yezezimali ingakhubaza ibhizinisi, ikakhulukazi izinhlangano ezincane ezinezinsiza ezilinganiselwe.

Ukulimala kwesithunzi

Ukuwa okuvela ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi kungadlulela ngalé kokulahlekelwa yimali. Ukwephulwa kwedatha yekhasimende kuqeda ukwethenjwa futhi kulimaze isithunzi senkampani yakho. Izindaba zokwephulwa kwedatha zisabalala ngokushesha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kanye nezitolo zezindaba, zingcolisa isithunzi somkhiqizo wakho futhi okungase kuholele ekuxabaneni kwamakhasimende.

Imithelela yezomthetho neyokulawula

Esimweni esicindezelayo sokulawula, amabhizinisi anesibopho sokuvikela idatha yamakhasimende. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela imithetho eqondene nomkhakha othile, efana neGeneral Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) e-European Union, kungaholela ezijezisweni ezinzima. Ukutshala imali ku-cybersecurity kuyisinqumo sebhizinisi esihlakaniphile kanye nesibopho esingokomthetho.

Manje njengoba sesiqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi nokubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi, ake sihlole izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uvikele ibhizinisi lakho kulezi zinsongo. Ukusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo kuzothuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwenhlangano yakho ngokumelene nezigebengu ze-inthanethi.

Ukwakha inqubomgomo yephasiwedi eqinile

Inqubomgomo yephasiwedi eqinile iyisisekelo sohlaka oluqinile lwe-cybersecurity. Amaphasiwedi abuthakathaka futhi aqageleka kalula ayisimemo esivulekile sabagebengu base-inthanethi ukuthi bangene kumasistimu akho. Ukusebenzisa inqubomgomo yephasiwedi ephoqelela amagama ayimfihlo ayinkimbinkimbi, izinguquko ezivamile zephasiwedi, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kunganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

Ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili

Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili (2FA) kwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha kuma-akhawunti akho aku-inthanethi namasistimu. Nge-2FA, abasebenzisi kufanele banikeze ifomu lesibili lokuqinisekisa, njengekhodi ehlukile ethunyelwe kumakhalekhukhwini wabo kanye nephasiwedi. Lesi sinyathelo esengeziwe sengeza umgoqo kuzigebengu ze-inthanethi ezizama ukuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

Ukufundisa abasebenzi ngemikhuba emihle ye-cybersecurity

Abasebenzi bakho badlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha kwebhizinisi lakho. Ukubafundisa ngezinqubo ezihamba phambili zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi bahlonyiselwe ukuhlonza nokusabela ezinsongweni ezingaba khona. Yenza amaseshini okuqeqesha avamile ukuze uqwashise mayelana nemizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, imikhuba yokuphequlula ephephile, nokugwema izixhumanisi nezinanyathiselwa ezisolisayo.

Ukuvuselela njalo nokunamathisela isofthiwe namasistimu

I-software nezinhlelo eziphelelwe yisikhathi zisengozini yokuxhashazwa izigebengu zama-inthanethi. Ukubuyekeza njalo nokunamathisela isofthiwe yakho kuqinisekisa ukuthi ubungozi obaziwayo kuyabhekwana nabo futhi kusetshenziswe neziqephu zokuphepha. Sungula inqubo yokuqapha nokubuyekeza wonke ama-software namasistimu kuyo yonke inhlangano yakho ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuxhashazwa.

Ukwenza njalo ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kanye nokuhlola

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo nokuhlolwa kokuma kokuphepha kwenhlangano yakho kubalulekile ukuze kutholwe ubungozi kusenesikhathi. Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kokuphepha nokuhlola kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ubuthakathaka obungaba khona ezinhlelweni zakho futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokulungisa ngaphambi kokuthi izigebengu ze-inthanethi zikwazi ukuzisebenzisa. Bandakanya izinsizakalo zefemu enedumela le-cybersecurity ukuze yenze ucwaningo olunzulu futhi inikeze izincomo zokuthuthukiswa.

Ukufuna izinsiza ezichwepheshile ze-cybersecurity

Yize ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kubalulekile, kuyazuzisa futhi ukufuna ulwazi lwezinsizakalo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ezichwepheshile. Lezi zinsizakalo zingakunikeza ulwazi olukhethekile, ubuhlakani obuthuthukile bokusongela, kanye nokuqapha ubusuku nemini ukuze uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ezinsongweni zakamuva ze-inthanethi. Ukubambisana nomhlinzeki othembekile we-cybersecurity kungakunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo futhi kukuvumele ukuthi ugxile emisebenzini yakho eyinhloko yebhizinisi.

Ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi kudinga indlela enezinhlangothi eziningi. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlasela ku-inthanethi, ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokuphepha eziqinile kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvikela inhlangano yakho. Ngokulandela izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ezibalulwe kulo mhlahlandlela, ungaqinisa ukuzivikela futhi unciphise ubungozi obuhambisana nokusatshiswa ku-inthanethi. Khumbula, i-cybersecurity ingumzamo oqhubekayo odinga ukuqapha njalo nokuzivumelanisa nesimo sedijithali esihlala sishintsha. Hlala unolwazi, hlala umatasa, futhi uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ekulimaleni okungaba khona kokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi.

Ngokusebenzisa amasu achazwe kulo mhlahlandlela, unganciphisa ubungozi obuhlobene nokusatshiswa kwe-inthanethi futhi uvikele idatha ebucayi yenhlangano yakho nesithunzi. Khumbula, i-cybersecurity ingumzamo oqhubekayo odinga ukuqapha njalo nokuzivumelanisa nesimo sedijithali esihlala sishintsha. Hlala unolwazi, hlala umatasa, futhi uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ekulimaleni okungaba khona kokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi.

Izinyathelo zokuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ekuhlaselweni ku-inthanethi

Ukuhlasela kwe-Cyber ​​kuza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngakunye kunamasu nezinjongo zayo. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlasela kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe amasu okuzivikela asebenzayo.

1. I-Malware

Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kafushane isofthiwe enonya, igama elibanzi elihlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zekhodi enonya eklanyelwe ukuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukuphazamisa ukusebenza, noma ukweba ulwazi olubucayi. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha zifaka amagciwane, izikelemu, ama-trojan, ne-ransomware.

Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha lungangena kumasistimu akho ngokunamathiselwe kwi-imeyili okuthelelekile, amawebhusayithi anonya, noma isofthiwe eyonakele. Uma usungaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho, ingasakazeka ngokushesha futhi ibangele umonakalo omkhulu. Ukuvikela kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kudinga indlela enezendlalelo eziningi, okuhlanganisa isofthiwe eqinile yokulwa namagciwane, ukubuyekezwa kwesistimu evamile, nokufundiswa komsebenzisi ngemikhuba yokuphequlula ephephile.

2. Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi

Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kubandakanya ukukhohlisa abantu ukuthi bakhiphe ulwazi olubucayi, olufana namagama-mfihlo noma imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu, ngokuzenza ibhizinisi elithembekile. Abahlaseli ngokuvamile bathumela ama-imeyili akhohlisayo abonakala evela emithonjeni esemthethweni, ayenga abamukeli ukuthi bachofoze izixhumanisi ezinonya noma banikeze ulwazi lomuntu siqu.

Ukuze uvikele ibhizinisi lakho ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, fundisa abasebenzi bakho mayelana nokubona imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi nokusebenzisa amasistimu okuhlunga ama-imeyili ukuze kutholwe futhi kuvinjwe imilayezo esolisayo. Ukubuyekeza njalo kanye nokuchibiyela isofthiwe nakho kubalulekile, njengoba abahlaseli bavame ukuxhaphaza ubungozi ukuze balethe ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.

I-3. I-Ransomware

I-Ransomware i-malware ebethela amafayela esisulu futhi ifune isihlengo ukuze ithole ukhiye wokukhipha ukubethela. Kungalimaza kakhulu amabhizinisi, njengoba kungaholela ekulahlekeni kwedatha, ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza, kanye nokuqolwa kwezimali.

Ukuvimbela i-ransomware kudinga indlela enezici eziningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha ebalulekile, ukusebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqinile, nokugcina isofthiwe ingamanje. Ukwengeza, ukufundiswa komsebenzisi kuma-imeyili aphephile kanye nezinqubo zokuphequlula kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe abasebenzi ekulandeni i-ransomware bengaqondile.

Ukwakha inqubomgomo yephasiwedi eqinile

Esimeni sanamuhla sedijithali, ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi akuyona nje into enhle kodwa iyisidingo samabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi. Imiphumela yokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi ingaba mibi kakhulu, kusukela ekulahlekelweni kwezimali kuya ekulimaleni kwesithunzi kanye nezikweletu ezingokomthetho. Nazi ezinye izizathu zokuthi kungani i-cybersecurity kufanele ibe yinto ehamba phambili ebhizinisini lakho:

1. Ukuvikelwa Kwedatha Ebucayi

Amabhizinisi aphatha inani elikhulu ledatha ebucayi, okuhlanganisa ulwazi lwekhasimende, amarekhodi ezezimali, nedatha yokuphathelene. Ukuhlasela ku-inthanethi okuphumelelayo kungaholela ekwebiweni noma ekuvezweni kwale datha, okuholela emiphumeleni enzima yezomnotho nezomthetho. Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kusiza ukuvikela ulwazi olubucayi futhi kuvikelwe ibhizinisi lakho ekwephulweni kwedatha.

2. Ukulondolozwa Kwesithunzi Sebhizinisi

Ukuhlasela ku-inthanethi kungonakalisa isithunzi sebhizinisi lakho, kuqede ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende nokwethembeka. Izindaba zokwephulwa kwedatha zisabalala ngokushesha futhi zingaba nemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside esithombeni somkhiqizo wakho. Ngokubeka phambili ukuphepha kwe-cybersecurity, ubonisa ukuzibophezela kwakho ekuvikeleni idatha yekhasimende kanye nokugcina ukwethenjwa kwabo, okubalulekile empumelelweni yesikhathi eside.

3. Ukuhambisana Nemithethonqubo

Izimboni eziningi zinemithetho ethile ye-cybersecurity okufanele amabhizinisi ayithobele. Ukwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo kungaholela ezinhlawulo ezinkulu kanye nemiphumela yezomthetho. Ukutshala imali ku-cybersecurity kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakho lithobela imithethonqubo efanele futhi ligwema izinhlawulo ezingadingekile.

Ukufundisa abasebenzi ngemikhuba emihle ye-cybersecurity

Ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ekuhlaselweni ku-inthanethi akuseyona inketho kodwa kuyadingeka esimweni sanamuhla sedijithali. Ngokuqonda izinhlobo ezihlukene zokuhlasela ku-inthanethi, ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile, kanye nokubeka phambili ukuphepha ku-inthanethi, ungaqinisa ukuzivikela kwakho futhi unciphise ubungozi obubangelwa izigebengu ze-inthanethi. Khumbula, i-cybersecurity yinqubo eqhubekayo edinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ukuze uhlale ngaphambi kwezinsongo ezivelayo. Hlala umatasa, ufundise abasebenzi bakho, futhi ufune usizo lochwepheshe lapho kudingeka. Ngokubambisana, singadala indawo ephephile yedijithali yebhizinisi lakho.

Ukuvuselela njalo nokunamathisela isofthiwe namasistimu

Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili (2FA). Lesi sinyathelo sokuvikela sengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela ngokudinga ukuthi abasebenzisi banikeze ngezindlela ezimbili zokuhlonza ngaphambi kokufinyelela olwazini olubucayi noma amasistimu.

Izindlela ezimbalwa ze-2FA ziyatholakala, ezihlanganisa amakhodi e-SMS, ukuqinisekiswa kwe-imeyili, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-biometric. Ngokunika amandla i-2FA kuyo yonke inhlangano yakho, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi yakho noma ama-akhawunti.

Ukufundisa abasebenzi bakho ngokubaluleka kokusebenzisa i-2FA nokwenza kube umkhuba oyisibopho kubalulekile. Ukwengeza, ukubuyekeza njalo nokubuyekeza izindlela zakho zokuqinisekisa kuzokusiza ukuthi uhlale uphambili kunezigebengu ze-inthanethi.

Ukwenza njalo ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kanye nokuhlola

Abasebenzi bakho bawumugqa wakho wokuqala wokuzivikela ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, zingaphinda zibe isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka uma zingaqeqeshwanga ngokwanele emikhubeni ehamba phambili ye-cybersecurity. Ukufundisa abasebenzi bakho ngokuhlonza nokusabela ezinsongweni ezingase zibe khona kubalulekile ukuze uvikele ibhizinisi lakho.

Qala ngokwakha uhlelo olubanzi lokuqeqeshwa kwe-cybersecurity oluhlanganisa izihloko ezifana nokubona ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukudala amagama ayimfihlo aqinile, kanye nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo. Hlala ukhumbuza abasebenzi bakho ngokubaluleka kokuhlala uqaphile futhi ubakhuthaze ukuthi babike izinkinga zokuphepha.

Ngaphezu kokuqeqeshwa, ukuphoqelela izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha kubalulekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuvuselela njalo nokunamathisela isofthiwe nezinhlelo kanye nokuqapha ukufinyelela nokusetshenziswa kwezisebenzi. Ngokwenza isiko lokuqwashisa nge-cybersecurity, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokuhlaselwa okuyimpumelelo ku-inthanethi.

Ukufuna izinsiza ezichwepheshile ze-cybersecurity

Isofthiwe nezinhlelo eziphelelwe yisikhathi zivame ukuba sengcupheni yokuhlaselwa nge-inthanethi. Abaduni bahlala befuna ubuthakathaka abangasebenzisa ukuze bathole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi yakho noma ulwazi olubucayi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuvuselela njalo nokunamathisela isofthiwe yakho namasistimu ukuze uhlale uvikelekile.

Kwenze kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, namadivayisi kubuyekezwe ngeziqephu zokuphepha zakamuva. Lokhu kubandakanya amakhompyutha, amaseva, amadivaysi eselula, namadivayisi e-IoT. Cabangela ukusebenzisa izixazululo ezizenzakalelayo zokuphatha isichibi ukuze wenze inqubo ibe lula futhi uqiniseke ukuthi azikho izibuyekezo ezigejayo.

Ukubuyekeza njalo nokubuyekeza izilungiselelo zakho zokuphepha nakho kubalulekile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulungisa izilungiselelo zohlelo lokuvikela, ukuvala amasevisi angadingekile, nokusebenzisa izinqubomgomo eziqinile zephasiwedi. Ngokuhlala umatasa kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza kanye nendlela yokulungisa uhlelo, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yakho yokuhlaselwa okuyimpumelelo ku-inthanethi.