Ezweni lanamuhla ledijithali elivela ngokushesha, amabhizinisi abhekana nezinsongo ze-cyber ezingakaze zibonwe. Imiphumela yokuphulwa kwedatha ingaba yingozi kakhulu, ibangele ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezimali, ukulimaza isithunzi, ngisho nezindaba zomthetho. Ukuze uvikele ibhizinisi lakho kulezi zinsongo, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nesu eliqinile lokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Lapha kulapho umeluleki wezeluleko ku-inthanethi engena khona.
Ngolwazi lwabo kumathrendi akamuva okuphepha ku-inthanethi nobuchwepheshe, umxhumanisi angakunikeza isiqondiso esibalulekile ukuze asize ukuvikela ibhizinisi lakho ekwephuleni okungase kube khona. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izizathu ezi-5 eziphezulu ezithi ibhizinisi lakho lidinga umeluleki wezeluleko nge-cybersecurity.
Kusukela ekuhloleni ubungozi okuphelele kuya ekusebenziseni izinyathelo ezisheshayo, uchwepheshe angakusiza ukuthi ubone ubungozi futhi uthuthukise amasu okunciphisa. Bangaphinde banikeze ukuqapha okuqhubekayo nokusekelwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amasistimu akho ahlala evikelekile lapho ubhekene nezinsongo ezivelayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqasha umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi kungaba utshalomali oluhlakaniphile ekusaseni lebhizinisi lakho, noma ngabe uyisiqalo esincane noma inkampani enkulu.
Hlala ubukele njengoba sihlola izizathu ezibalulekile zokuthi kungani lobu buchwepheshe bubalulekile ekuvikelekeni ku-inthanethi kwebhizinisi lakho.
Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Ukuhlaselwa kwama-Cyber sekuya ngokuya kuba yinkimbinkimbi, futhi amabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi asengozini. Akuseyona indaba yokuthi ibhizinisi lakho lizoqondiswa nini. Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela impahla yakho ebalulekile. Umeluleki wezeluleko ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi angakusiza ukuthi ubambe ubunzima besimo futhi agqamise imiphumela engaba khona yokuphulwa komthetho.
Ukuphepha kwe-Cyber akukhona nje ukuvikela idatha yakho; imayelana nokuvikela isithunzi sebhizinisi lakho nokuqinisekisa ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende akho. Ukwephulwa komthetho okukodwa kungaholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwezimali futhi kulimaze isithombe somkhiqizo wakho. Ngokutshala imali ezinsizeni zomeluleki wokuphepha ku-inthanethi, ubonisa ababambiqhaza bakho ukuthi ukuthatha ukuphepha kwabo njengokubalulekile.
Iqhaza likameluleki wezeluleko ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi
Umeluleki ongumeluleki wezokuphepha ku-inthanethi udlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni amabhizinisi ukuthi azulazule emhlabeni oyinkimbinkimbi wezinsongo ze-inthanethi. Ubungcweti babo ezinkambisweni zakamuva zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nobuchwepheshe bubavumela ukuthi banikeze isiqondiso nokusekelwa okubalulekile. Bangahlola izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha, bakhombe ubungozi, futhi bathuthukise amasu okunciphisa ubungozi.
Omunye wemithwalo yemfanelo ebalulekile yomeluleki wezeluleko ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi ukwenza uhlolo olubanzi lwezingozi. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlonza izinsongo ezingaba khona kanye nokuba sengozini okungase kufake engozini amasistimu akho. Ukuqonda iphrofayela eyingqayizivele yebhizinisi lakho kuvumela umxhumanisi ukuthi athuthukise indlela ehambisanayo yokuqinisa ukuzivikela kwakho.
Izinzuzo zokuqasha umeluleki wezezokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Ukuqasha umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi zebhizinisi lakho. Okokuqala nokubalulekile, baletha ulwazi olukhethekile nolwazi olungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuma kwakho kokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Bahlala benolwazi lwakamuva ngezinsongo zakamuva kanye nobuchwepheshe obusafufusa, beqinisekisa ukuthi uyakwazi ukufinyelela izixazululo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ukwengeza, umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi anganikeza ukuqapha nokusekelwa okuqhubekayo. Izinsongo ze-Cyber zihlala zivela, futhi kubalulekile ukuba nezinyathelo ezisebenzayo ukuze uthole futhi uphendule ekuphuleni okungase kube khona. Ngobuchwepheshe babo, ochwepheshe bangasebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha ukuze babone imisebenzi esolisayo futhi bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze banciphise umthelela.
Izinsongo ezijwayelekile ze-cyber kanye nokuba sengozini
Ukwazisa ngokugcwele ukubaluleka komeluleki wokuphepha ku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinsongo ezivamile ze-inthanethi kanye nokuba sengozini amabhizinisi abhekana nakho. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zisebenzisa amaqhinga ahlukahlukene ukuze zithole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe olwazini olubucayi, ukuphazamisa ukusebenza, noma ukuqola imali. Ezinye izingozi ezivamile zihlanganisa:
1. Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi buhlanganisa ukukhohlisa abantu ukuba baveze ulwazi olubucayi ngama-imeyili akhohlisayo noma amawebhusayithi, njengamagama ayimfihlo noma imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu.
2. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha: Isofthiwe enobungozi, efana namagciwane, izikelemu, noma i-ransomware, ingathelela amasistimu futhi ibangele umonakalo omkhulu noma ukulahleka kwedatha.
3. Ubunjiniyela bezenhlalo: Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zikhohlisa abantu ngokwengqondo ukuze zithole ulwazi oluyimfihlo noma zithole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
4. Izinsongo zangaphakathi: Abasebenzi noma abangaphakathi abathenjwayo bangafaka engozini ngamabomu noma ngokungenhloso ngokuputshuza ulwazi olubucayi noma ukuba yisisulu sobunjiniyela bezenhlalo.
5. I-Denial of Service (DoS): Abahlaseli bahlula isistimu noma inethiwekhi ngethrafikhi eyeqile, bayenze ingatholakali kubasebenzisi abasemthethweni.
Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zezinsongo amabhizinisi abhekana nazo. Umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi angakusiza uqonde ubungozi obuthile enhlanganweni yakho futhi uthuthukise amasu okubunciphisa.
Indlela umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi angasiza kanjani ekuboneni nasekunciphiseni ubungozi
Ukuhlonza kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi kuwumsebenzi obalulekile womeluleki womeluleki wokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Basebenzisa indlela ehlelekile yokuhlola izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha, bahlonze ubuthakathaka, futhi bathuthukise imephu yomgwaqo ukuze bathuthuke. Nansi indlela abangasiza ngayo:
1. Ukuhlolwa kobungozi: Ochwepheshe bahlola ngokucophelela amasistimu akho, izinqubo, nengqalasizinda ukuze bahlonze ubungozi obungaba khona. Bahlaziya izilawuli zakho zokuphepha zamanje futhi babone izikhala okufanele zixazululwe.
2. Idizayini yezakhiwo zokuvikela: Ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni, umeluleki uklama izakhiwo eziqinile zokuvikela eziklanyelwe izidingo zebhizinisi lakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusebenzisa izinqamuleli zomlilo, amasistimu okuthola ukungena, nezinye izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze uvikele inethiwekhi yakho.
3. Izinqubomgomo nezinqubo: Abeluleki basiza ukuthuthukisa izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha eziphelele ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi wonke umuntu enhlanganweni yakho uyayiqonda indima yakhe nezibopho zakhe ekugcineni indawo evikelekile.
4. Ukuqeqeshwa nokuqwashisa kwabasebenzi: I-Cybersecurity akuyona nje inkinga yezobuchwepheshe; ngumuntu futhi. Abeluleki banganikeza izikhathi zokuqeqesha ukuze bafundise abasebenzi mayelana nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphatha ulwazi olubucayi kanye nokubona izinsongo ezingaba khona.
5. Ukuhlelwa kwempendulo yesigameko: Esimeni esingesihle sokwephulwa kwezokuphepha, umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi angakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise uhlelo olusebenzayo lokuphendula isigameko. Lokhu kuqinisekisa imephu yomgwaqo ecacile yokubhekana nokwephulwa, ukunciphisa umthelela, nokubuyisela ngokushesha ukusebenza okuvamile.
Inqubo yokuqalisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi
Ukuqalisa izinyathelo zokuphepha kuhleloxhumano ngesiqoqelalwazi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukuhlela nokuqaliswa ngokucophelela. Umeluleki wezeluleko ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi angakuqondisa esinyathelweni ngasinye, aqinisekise ukuthi imizamo yakho ihlanganiswe kahle futhi isebenza ngempumelelo. Inqubo ngokuvamile ihilela izigaba ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuhlola: Umxhumanisi uhlola ngokucophelela izinyathelo zakho zokuphepha, ehlonza ubuthakathaka kanye nobuthakathaka.
2. Ukuhlela: Umxhumanisi wenza uhlelo olunemininingwane yokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo ngokusekelwe ekuhloleni. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubeka phambili izenzo, ukwaba izibopho, kanye nokubeka izikhathi zesikhathi.
3. Ukuqaliswa: Umxhumanisi wengamela ukuqaliswa kwezinyathelo zokuphepha, esebenza eduze nethimba lakho le-IT ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi yonke into imiswe ngendlela efanele futhi isetshenziswa.
4. Ukuhlola nokuqinisekisa: Uma izinyathelo sezibekiwe, uchwepheshe wenza ukuhlola okuqinile ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ziyasebenza futhi akethuli imiphumela engahlosiwe.
5. Ukuqapha nokunakekela: I-Cybersecurity iyinqubo eqhubekayo. Umxhumanisi uhlinzeka ngokuqapha nokunakekela okuqhubekayo ukuze abone izinsongo ezintsha noma ubuthakathaka futhi enze izinguquko ezidingekayo.
Ukuhlola isimo samanje sokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi kwebhizinisi lakho
Ngaphambi kokuqasha umeluleki wezezokuphepha ku-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukuqonda isimo samanje sebhizinisi lakho sokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kuvumela umeluleki ukuthi alungise indlela yakhe ehambisana nezidingo zakho ezithile. Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuhlola izinyathelo zakho zamanje zokuphepha:
1. Uhlu lwezimpahla: Thola zonke izimpahla zedijithali nezinhlelo ibhizinisi lakho elithembele kuzo, okuhlanganisa izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, isofthiwe, nedatha.
2. Ukuhlolwa kokuba sengozini: Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwamasistimu akho ukuze uhlonze ubuthakathaka obungaba khona kanye nobuthakathaka.
3. Ukuhlolwa kokuthobela umthetho: Hlola ukuthobela kwebhizinisi lakho namazinga nemithetho yemboni efanele, efana neGeneral Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) noma iPayment Card Industry Data Standard Standard (PCI DSS).
4. Ukuhlaziywa komlando wesigameko: Hlaziya izehlakalo zokuphepha zesikhathi esidlule, uma zikhona, ukuze uhlonze amaphethini noma izinkinga eziqhubekayo.
5. Inhlolovo yokuqwashisa ngezokuphepha: Linganisa ulwazi lwabasebenzi bakho kanye nokuqwashisa ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ngokusebenzisa izinhlolovo noma izinhlolokhono.
Ngokwenza ukuhlola okuphelele, ungathola imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nokuma kwakho kwezokuphepha futhi unqume izindawo ezidinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.
Ukuthola umeluleki ofanele wokuphepha ku-inthanethi webhizinisi lakho
Ukuthola umeluleki ofanele wokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi kubalulekile empumelelweni yezinhlelo zakho zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha umxhumanisi:
1. Ubungcweti nolwazi: Bheka abeluleki abanerekhodi eliqinisekisiwe lokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Kufanele babe nolwazi olujulile ngezinsongo zakamuva, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nemikhuba ehamba phambili.
2. Ubungcweti bomkhakha: Cabangela abeluleki abanolwazi lokusebenza namabhizinisi embonini yakho. Bayoba nokuqonda kangcono izinselele eziyingqayizivele obhekene nazo.
3. Idumela nezinkomba: Hlola isithunzi someluleki bese ucela amareferensi kumakhasimende adlule. Lokhu kuzokunikeza imininingwane ngobungcweti babo, ukwethembeka, kanye nemiphumela.
4. Ukusebenzisana nokuxhumana: Ubambiswano oluyimpumelelo ludinga ukubambisana okuphumelelayo nokuxhumana. Qinisekisa ukuthi umeluleki uyaphendula, uyanaka, futhi uzimisele ukusebenzisana eduze nethimba lakho.
5. Ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko: Nakuba izindleko kungafanele kube yiyona kuphela into enqumayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela isabelomali sakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izimali zomeluleki zihambisana nenani ezilethela ibhizinisi lakho.
Zinike isikhathi sokucwaninga futhi uhlole abeluleki abaningi ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo. Ukuthola umeluleki ohlangabezana nezidingo zakho zobuchwepheshe futhi oqondanisa amanani nemigomo yebhizinisi lakho kubalulekile.
Ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko zokuqasha umeluleki wezeluleko ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi
Izindleko zokuqasha umeluleki wezezokuphepha ku-inthanethi zingahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ububanzi bomsebenzi, usayizi webhizinisi lakho, nezinga lochwepheshe lomeluleki. Nakuba ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kungase kubonakale kubalulekile, kubalulekile ukucabangela izinzuzo zesikhathi eside nokonga kwezindleko okungaba khona.
Ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha ku-inthanethi kungaba nemithelela yezezimali efinyelela kude, okuhlanganisa izindleko zomthetho, izinhlawulo zokulawula, ukulinyazwa kwesithunzi, nokulahlekelwa yibhizinisi. Ukutshala imali ngokuqhubekayo ezindleleni zokuphepha ku-inthanethi kunganciphisa lezi zingozi futhi kusindise ibhizinisi lakho ekulahlekeni okukhulu kwezimali.
Uma uhlaziya izindleko zokuqasha umeluleki wezezokuphepha ku-inthanethi, cabanga ngalokhu okulandelayo:
1. Imbuyiselo kutshalomali: Hlola ukonga kwezindleko okungaba khona kanye nezinzuzo zokusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Linganisa inani lokuvikela isithunzi sebhizinisi lakho nokwethenjwa kwekhasimende.
2. Izindleko zokungasebenzi: Cabangela umthelela wezezimali ongaba khona wokuphulwa kwezokuphepha futhi uqhathanise nezindleko zokuqasha umxhumanisi. Khumbula ukuthi ukuvimbela kuvame ukubiza kakhulu kunokulungisa.
3. Ukwabiwa kwesabelomali: Nikeza isabelomali esingokoqobo sokuphepha ku-inthanethi, ucabangela izidingo ezihlukile zebhizinisi lakho kanye nephrofayili yobungozi. Xhumana nomxhumanisi ukuze wenze isu elingabizi elihambisana nezinsiza zakho.
Ekugcineni, izindleko zokuqasha umeluleki wezezokuphepha ku-inthanethi kufanele zibhekwe njengotshalomali ekusaseni lebhizinisi lakho kunezindleko.
Isiphetho
Esimeni sanamuhla sedijithali, ukubaluleka kokuphepha ku-inthanethi akunakugcizelelwa. Amabhizinisi abhekene nesimo sosongo esikhula njalo, futhi imiphumela yokwephulwa komthetho ingaba mibi kakhulu. Ukuqasha umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi kukunikeza ukufinyelela olwazini oluyisipesheli nobungcweti obungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuma kwakho kokuphepha.
Kusukela ekuhloleni ubungozi okuphelele kuya ekusebenziseni izinyathelo ezisheshayo, uchwepheshe angakusiza ukuthi ubone ubungozi futhi uthuthukise amasu okunciphisa. Bangaphinde banikeze ukuqapha okuqhubekayo nokusekelwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi amasistimu akho ahlala evikelekile lapho ubhekene nezinsongo ezivelayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqasha umeluleki wezeluleko ngezokuphepha ku-inthanethi kungaba ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlakaniphile ekusaseni lebhizinisi lakho, noma ngabe uyisiqalo esincane noma inkampani enkulu.
Vikela ibhizinisi lakho, vikela ukwethenjwa amakhasimende akho, futhi uhlale isinyathelo esisodwa ngaphambi kwezinsongo ze-inthanethi ngokusebenzisana nomeluleki wezezokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Ungalindi kuze kushaye isikhathi - thatha isinyathelo sokuvikela izimpahla zedijithali zebhizinisi lakho futhi uqinisekise ikusasa eliphephile neliphumelelayo.
