Gcina ikhompuyutha yakho ivikelekile futhi ibuyekezwa ngomhlahlandlela wethu ophelele wezinhlelo zokuphepha zekhompyutha zesimanje. Funda imikhuba engcono kakhulu yokusungula nokugcina amasistimu aphephile!
Ngokwakheka kwezwe okuhlala kuguquguquka kobuchwepheshe kanye nezinsongo ze-inthanethi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhompuyutha yakho ivikelekile ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezisesikhathini samanje kubalulekile. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizobheka izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokuphepha zekhompiyutha futhi sixoxe ngemikhuba engcono kakhulu yokusetha nokugcina isistimu evikelekile.
Faka izibuyekezo zakamuva zokuvikeleka namapeshi.
Ukufaka izibuyekezo zakamuva namapeshi esistimu yayo yokusebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlobene kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ikhompuyutha yakho ivikeleke ngendlela ongakhona ngayo. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungaqiniseka ukuthi noma yiziphi izinsongo zokuphepha eziyingozi zilungiswa ngokushesha ukuze zingalitholi ithuba lokudala umonakalo ohlelweni lwakho. Ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uhlola kaningi futhi ulande noma yiziphi izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo ngokushesha ngemva kokukhululwa.
Yenza isipele idatha yakho njalo ukuze uvikele ekuhlaselweni kwe-ransomware.
I-Ransomware isofthiwe enonya ebethela idatha yakho futhi ikukhiye ngaphandle kwesistimu yakho, ngokuvamile efuna inkokhelo ukuze ubuyisele ukufinyelela. Ukuze uzivikele ekuhlaselweni okunjalo, hlala wenze ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yamafayela akho abalulekile kumasistimu avikelekile njengefu. Ngaleyo ndlela, uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa kwe-ransomware, uzokwazi ukubuyisela ngokushesha noma imaphi amafayela abalulekile noma idatha ngaphandle kokukhokha imali eshisiwe yesihlengo.
Sebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili ukuze uthole ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe kuma-akhawunti.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili (i-2FA) isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela sama-akhawunti aku-inthanethi. Kudinga ukuthi uqinisekise ubuwena usebenzisa izindlela ezimbili: into oyaziyo, njengephasiwedi, nokunye onakho, njengenombolo yocingo noma izigxivizo zeminwe. Ukusebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto ezimbili kunganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokugebenga ama-akhawunti akho, kwengeze esinye isendlalelo sokuvikela ukugcina izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingafinyeleli.
Sebenzisa amaphasiwedi avikelekile futhi uwashintshe njalo.
Ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi avikelekile kungenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile ekugcineni idatha yakho nama-akhawunti ephephile. Amagama ayimfihlo avikelekile kufanele anwetshwe, okungenani abe nezinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili kanye nenhlanganisela yezinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izinombolo, nezimpawu ezikhethekile. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukushintsha amagama ayimfihlo owasebenzisa kuma-akhawunti ahlukene ukuze kuthi uma othile engathola ukufinyelela kusistimu eyodwa, angakwazi ukufinyelela kuwo wonke. Ukuvimbela ukungena okungagunyaziwe kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokugcina ukuphepha kwekhompyutha.
Sebenzisa amasu okuvikela ajulile ukuze uhlanganise wonke ama-engeli wezinsongo zokuphepha.
Ukuthola okuningi ezinhlelweni zakho zokuphepha kudinga ukusebenzisa amasu okuvikela ajulile. Le ndlela enezendlalelo eziningi ihlanganisa izingxenye eziningi nezindlela zokuvikela idatha yakho. Lezi zici kufanele zifake ukufakazela ubuqiniso, izipele zedatha evikelekile, izindonga zokuvikela, ukuvikela amagciwane, ukubethela, nokunye ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngekhava elibanzi kuzo zonke izinsongo. Ukusebenza nomhlinzeki wezokuphepha we-IT othembekile kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isu lakho lokuvikela elijulile lisesikhathini samanje futhi liyasebenza.
Qinisa Inqaba Yakho Yedijithali: I-Evolution ye-Modern Computer Security Systems
Esikhathini lapho izinsongo zedijithali zibeka engcupheni enkulu kubantu ngabanye nasezinhlanganweni ngokufanayo, ukuvela kwezinhlelo zokuphepha zekhompyutha zesimanje kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kanjalo namasu asetshenziswa izigebengu zamakhompiyutha, okwenza kudingeke ukuthi amabhizinisi kanye nabantu ngabanye baqinise izinqaba zabo zedijithali. Lesi sihloko sihlola isimo sezwe esishintsha njalo sokuvikeleka kwekhompuyutha, sigqamisa intuthuko ebalulekile ebumba ukuvikela kwethu ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi.
Kusukela kuhlelo lwe-antivirus oluvamile ukuya kuma-algorithms wokufunda wemishini esezingeni eliphezulu, izinhlelo zokuphepha zekhompiyutha zihambe ibanga elide ekulweni nobugebengu bamakhompuyutha. Sihlolisisa ukuvela kwama-firewall aqinile, amasistimu okuthola ukungena, nezindlela zokubethela eziguqule ukuvikela ulwazi olubucayi. Ngokuhambisana nenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe, i-athikili idingida ukubaluleka kokuqwashisa ngabasebenzisi kanye nezindlela ezihamba phambili zokuvikela ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumthandi we-cybersecurity noma umuntu onolwazi lwezobuchwepheshe ofuna ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho, sijoyine njengoba siveza ukuvela okuthakazelisayo kwezinhlelo zokuphepha zekhompyutha zesimanje. Ukuvikela ubukhona bakho bedijithali akukaze kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi ukuqonda izinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi onazo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi.
Ukuvela kwezinhlelo zokuphepha zekhompyutha
Izinhlelo zokuphepha zamakhompiyutha zihambe ibanga elide kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zekhompyutha. Ekuqaleni, ukuvikeleka kwephasiwedi okulula kanye nezinqamuleli zomlilo eziyisisekelo zazanele ukuvimbela abahlaseli abaningi. Nokho, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kwaba sezingeni eliphezulu nezigebengu zama-computer. Lokhu kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezinyathelo ezithuthuke kakhulu zokuphepha ukuze kuliwe nezinsongo eziguqukayo.
Izinhlobo ezivamile zokusongela kokuphepha kwekhompyutha
Ngaphambi kokungena ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokuphepha zamakhompiyutha, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokusabisa lezi zinhlelo eziklanyelwe ukulwa nazo. Izigebengu Ze-inthanethi zisebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuze zithole ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe olwazini olubucayi, ukuphazamisa amasistimu, noma ukubangela ukulimala kwezezimali. Ezinye zezinsongo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
1. Uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha: Isofthiwe enobungozi, efana namagciwane, izikelemu, iTrojan, ne-ransomware, eklanyelwe ukungena kumasistimu futhi intshontshe noma yonakalise idatha.
2. Ubugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Ama-imeyili akhohlisayo, amawebhusayithi, noma imilayezo ehloselwe ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi ukuthi baveze ulwazi olubucayi, olufana namagama-mfihlo noma imininingwane yekhadi lesikweletu.
3. Ubunjiniyela Bezenhlalakahle: Ukukhohlisa abantu ngamaqhinga okusebenza kwengqondo ukuze bathole ukufinyelela olwazini oluyimfihlo noma benze izenzo ezingagunyaziwe.
4. Ukuhlasela kwe-Denial of Service (DoS): Kweqa isistimu noma inethiwekhi enethrafikhi eyeqile, iyenza ingafinyeleleki kubasebenzisi abasemthethweni.
5. Izinsongo zangaphakathi: Izenzo ezihlosiwe noma ezingahlosiwe ezenziwa abantu ngabanye ngaphakathi kwenhlangano ezifaka engozini ukuphepha, njengokuvuza idatha ebucayi noma ukuba isisulu semizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
Izinyathelo zokuphepha zendabuko: I-firewall kanye nesofthiwe ye-antivirus
Enye yezindlela zakuqala zezinyathelo zokuphepha zekhompiyutha kwaba ukuqaliswa kwezicishamlilo. Ama-firewall asebenza njengesithiyo phakathi kwamanethiwekhi angaphakathi nangaphandle, ukuqapha nokuhlunga ithrafikhi engenayo nephumayo ngokusekelwe emithethweni yokuphepha echazwe ngaphambilini. Basiza ukuvimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kunethiwekhi ngokuvimbela ukuxhumana okusolisayo noma okungase kube yingozi.
Ngokungeziwe kuma-firewall, isofthiwe ye-antivirus ibilokhu iyisisekelo ekuvikelekeni kwekhompyutha iminyaka eminingi. Lezi zinhlelo ziskena amafayela nezinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthola amasiginesha namaphethini wohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Uma kutholwa usongo, isofthiwe ye-antivirus ithatha izinyathelo ezifanele, njengokuvalela yedwa noma ukususa amafayela angenwe yileli gciwane.
Nakuba i-firewall nesofthiwe ye-antivirus ihlinzeke ngezinga eliyisisekelo lokuphepha, ayenele ukulwa nezinsongo ze-cyber ezikhulayo ezivele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukukhuphuka kobuchwepheshe bokuphepha obuthuthukisiwe: Amasistimu okuthola ukungena ngaphakathi nokuhlaziywa kokuziphatha
Njengoba izinsongo ze-inthanethi ziqhubeka, izinhlangano zazidinga izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ukuze zithole futhi zisabele ekuhlaselweni okungenzeka. Lokhu kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokubona ukungena ngaphakathi (IDS) kanye namasu okuhlaziya ukuziphatha.
Amasistimu okutholwa kokungenela aqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi namalogi esistimu ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze ahlonze imisebenzi esolisayo noma amaphethini angase abonise ukuhlasela okuqhubekayo. Bahlaziya amaphakethe enethiwekhi, amafayela welogi, nemicimbi yesistimu ukuze bathole okudidayo namasiginesha aziwayo okuhlasela. Uma kutholwa isigebengu, i-IDS ingaqalisa isexwayiso noma ithathe isinyathelo esisheshayo ukuze kuncishiswe usongo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlaziywa kokuziphatha kugxile ekuqapheni ukuziphatha kwabasebenzisi kanye nemisebenzi yesistimu ukuze kuhlonzwe ukuchezuka kumaphethini ajwayelekile. Noma yikuphi ukuchezuka kungamakwa njengezingozi ezingaba khona zokuvikeleka ngokusungula isisekelo sokuziphatha okuvamile. Le ndlela isiza ukuthola izinsongo ezintsha nezingaziwa okungenzeka zingenayo isiginesha eyaziwayo.
Iqhaza lobuhlakani bokwenziwa ekuvikelekeni kwekhompyutha
I-Artificial intelligence (AI) iguqule izimboni eziningi, futhi nokuphepha kwamakhompyutha ahlukile. Amasistimu okuvikela anamandla e-AI asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokufunda bomshini ukuze ahlaziye amanani amakhulu edatha futhi ahlonze amaphethini abonisa izinsongo ezingaba khona.
Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-AI ekuvikelekeni kwekhompyutha lusebenzisa ukuhlaziya okubikezela ukulindela nokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa. Ngokuhlaziya idatha yomlando nokuhlonza amaphethini, ama-algorithms e-AI angabikezela ubungozi obunamandla futhi asebenzise ngokuqhubekayo izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze abhekane nakho.
Enye indawo lapho i-AI ikhanya khona itholakala ngokungaqondakali. I-AI ingakwazi ukuhlonza ukuziphatha okungavamile futhi ihlabe umkhosi izehlakalo zokuphepha ezingaba khona ngokuqhubeka nokufunda nokuzivumelanisa nezinsongo ezintsha. Lokhu kuvumela amaqembu okuvikela ukuthi aphendule ngokushesha nangempumelelo ukuze anciphise umthelela wokuhlasela.
Nakuba ubuchwepheshe bezokuphepha obuthuthukisiwe bubalulekile ekuvikeleni izinsongo ze-cyber, isici esisodwa esivame ukunganakwa sokuvikeleka kwekhompuyutha izibuyekezo zesofthiwe ezivamile kanye nokuphathwa kwezichibi. Abathengisi besofthiwe bavame ukukhulula izibuyekezo namapeshi ukuze babhekane nobungozi bokuphepha neziphazamisi ezitholwe emikhiqizweni yabo.
Ngokugcina isofthiwe isesikhathini samanje, abasebenzisi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi banamapheshana okuvikela akamuva kanye nokulungiswa kweziphazamisi, ukwehlisa ingcuphe yokuxhashazwa izigebengu ze-inthanethi. Ukudebeselela izibuyekezo zesofthiwe kushiya amasistimu esengozini yokuhlaselwa okwaziwayo futhi kungaholela emiphumeleni enzima.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvikela amasistimu ekhompyutha yomuntu siqu nawebhizinisi
Ngokungeziwe ekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe bokuphepha obuthuthukile, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezihamba phambili abantu nezinhlangano okufanele bazilandele ukuze bathuthukise ukuphepha kwekhompyutha yabo:
1. Amaphasiwedi Aqinile: Sebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo ahlukile, ayinkimbinkimbi ku-akhawunti ngayinye eku-inthanethi futhi unike amandla ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka.
2. Ukuqwashisa ngobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Qaphela ama-imeyili angacelwanga, imilayezo, noma izingcingo, futhi ugweme ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezisolisayo noma ukulanda izinanyathiselwa emithonjeni engaziwa.
3. Izipele Ezivamile: Yenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yedatha ebalulekile njalo kudivayisi yesitoreji sangaphandle noma isevisi esekelwe emafini ukuze unciphise umthelela wokuhlasela kwe-ransomware noma ukuhluleka kwehadiwe.
4. Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabasebenzi: Ukufundisa abasebenzi ngezinqubo ezihamba phambili ze-cybersecurity, njengokuhlonza imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukusebenzisa amagama ayimfihlo avikelekile, kanye nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo.
5. Ukuhlukaniswa Kwenethiwekhi: Hlukanisa amanethiwekhi abe amasegimenti ahlukene ukuze unciphise umthelela ongaba khona wokwephulwa kwezokuphepha futhi ukhawulele ukunyakaza okuhlangene ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi.
Ikusasa lokuphepha kwekhompyutha: Ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa kanye nezitayela
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kuzoba njalo namasu asetshenziswa izigebengu zama-inthanethi. Ukuphepha kwekhompuyutha kuzodinga ukuthuthuka ngokuqhubekayo ukuze uhlale ngaphambi kwezinsongo. Nabu obunye ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa namathrendi okufanele uwaqaphele:
1. I-Artificial Intelligence Nokufunda Ngomshini: I-AI izoqhubeka idlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni nasekunciphiseni izinsongo ze-inthanethi, isebenzise amandla ayo okuhlaziya amanani amaningi edatha futhi ikhombe amaphethini.
2. I-Zero Trust Architecture: Ukusuka kumodeli yezokuvikela esekelwe kupherimitha evamile, i-zero trust architecture iqinisekisa wonke umsebenzisi, idivayisi, noxhumo lwenethiwekhi ngaphambi kokunikeza ukufinyelela.
3. Ukuphepha Kwamafu: Njengoba izinhlangano eziningi zishintshela kumasevisi asekelwe emafini, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezindawo zamafu kuzobaluleka kakhulu.
4. Ukuphepha kwe-IoT: Ukwanda kwamadivayisi we-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kuveza izinselele ezintsha zokuphepha. Izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile zizodingeka ukuze kuvikelwe idatha ebucayi futhi kuvinjwe ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.
5. I-Quantum Cryptography: Ngokuthuthukiswa kwamakhompuyutha e-quantum, izindlela ezintsha zokubethela zizodingeka ukuze kuvikelwe ulwazi olubucayi ngokumelene nokuhlaselwa kwe-quantum.
Isiphetho: Isidingo esiqhubekayo sezinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha zekhompyutha
Ukuvikela ubukhona bakho bedijithali akukaze kubaluleke kakhulu, nokuqonda izinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi onazo. isinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela umhlaba wakho we-inthanethi. Kusuka kusofthiwe yokuvikela amagciwane evamile kuye kuma-algorithms okufunda emshinini aphambili, amasistimu okuphepha ekhompiyutha athuthukile ukuze alwe nezinsongo ezihlala zishintsha ezilethwa izigebengu ze-inthanethi.
Ngokuhlala unolwazi ngentuthuko yakamuva kwezokuphepha kwekhompuyutha nokulandela imikhuba ehamba phambili, abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano bangaqinisa izinqaba zabo zedijithali futhi bazivikele ekuhlaselweni kwe-inthanethi okungase kube khona. Isidingo esiqhubekayo sezinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile zekhompiyutha asinakugcizelelwa kulo mkhakha wedijithali ovela ngokushesha. Ungangabazi ukuxhumana ne-Cyber Security Consulting Ops ngazo zonke izidingo zakho ze-IT kanye ne-cybersecurity.
