Imfundo Yokuhlasela Ngobugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
“Abahlaseli be-Cyber bayaqhubeka nokuthola izindlela ezintsha zokungena kunethiwekhi yakho; i-spoofing, i-ransomware, ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukuhlasela kosuku oluyiziro, kanye I-Business Email Compromise (BEC) ezinye zezibonelo zezindlela ezintsha abahlaseli abasebenzisa ngazo ukukhohlisa ukuze baphule izinhlangano ngempumelelo. Isibonelo, ikhono le-BEC lokukhohlisa abasebenzi abangaqaphile ngokuzenza i-CEO yakho noma abanye abaphathi liye ladla izinkampani u-$5.3 billion emhlabeni jikelele, ngokusho kwe-FBI,
1. Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlangano ziya ngokuya zidinga izendlalelo ezengeziwe zokuvikela ukuze zivikele abasebenzisi kubathumeli abakhohlisayo futhi ziqhubeke zizivumelanisa nezimo ukuze ziqondise ukuqonda kwesikhathi sangempela kwabathumeli, zivikele ukuphulwa, futhi zinikeze ukuvikeleka okuthuthukisiwe—Amandla Okufunda Ngomshini I-Cisco Advanced Phishing Protection leverages izindawo ezintathu zokumodela umshini wokufunda.
• Inquma ukuthi yibuphi ubunikazi umamukeli ababonayo obuthumela umlayezo
• Ihlaziya indlela yokuthumela okulindelekile kokudidayo okuhlobene nalobo bunikazi
• Ikala ubudlelwano ukuze inqume ukuziphatha okulindelekile kokuthumela; ubudlelwano obubambene kakhulu (njengoba phakathi kwabasebenzi osebenza nabo)
babe nemikhawulo eqinile yokuziphatha njengoba benengozi enkulu uma bephangiwe. ”
Sicela ufunde kabanzi mayelana neCisco Phishing Protection lapha: Cisco Phishing Defense.
Umhlahlandlela Wokugcina ku Ukuvimbela Ukuhlaselwa Kobugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Ukuvikela Ukuvikeleka Kwakho Ku-inthanethi
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kanjalo namaqhinga ezigebengu ze-inthanethi. Ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kusaqhubeka nokuba usongo oluvamile ekuvikelekeni kwe-inthanethi, okuqondiswe kubantu ngabanye nezinhlangano ngokufanayo. Lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uhlola amasu nezindlela ezihamba phambili zokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokuvikela ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi.
Njengoba izigebengu zama-inthanethi ziba yinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlala ngaphambi kwezinhlelo zazo ezinonya kubalulekile. Kusukela ekuhlonzeni ama-imeyili asolisayo kuya ekusebenziseni ubuqiniso bezinto eziningi, umhlahlandlela wethu ukuhlomisa ngezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uqinise ukuzivikela kwakho emizamweni yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
Ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nemfundo yabasebenzisi, unganciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokuba yisisulu salawa maqhinga akhohlisayo. Ukuqonda amafulegi abomvu we imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokusebenzisa izimiso zokuphepha ezisebenzayo kungazivikela wena nenhlangano yakho ekwephulweni kwedatha okungaba khona kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezimali.
Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sikunikeza amandla ngolwazi namathuluzi okuvimba ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi siqinise ukuzivikela kwakho ku-inthanethi. Masizulazule endaweni yedijithali ngokuphepha nangokuvikelekile ndawonye.
Ukuqonda ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kungamaqhinga akhohlisayo izigebengu ze-inthanethi eziwasebenzisayo ukuze zikhohlise abantu ukuze bakhiphe ulwazi olubucayi, olufana nemininingwane yokungena ngemvume, imininingwane yezezimali, noma idatha yomuntu siqu. Le mizamo yokukhwabanisa ivamise ukuthatha uhlobo lwama-imeyili abonakala esemthethweni, imilayezo, noma amawebhusayithi aklanyelwe ukukhohlisa abamukeli ukuze bakholelwe ukuthi basebenzisana nebhizinisi elithembekile. Umgomo omkhulu wokuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ukusebenzisa ubungozi bomuntu, okuholela izisulu ezingaqaphile ukuthi zibeke engcupheni ukuphepha kwazo engozini.
Abaphehli bokuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi basebenzisa ukukhohlisa kwengqondo kanye namasu obunjiniyela bomphakathi ukuze bakhe imilayezo ekholisayo ebonakala iyiqiniso futhi iphoqa. Ngokuzenza izinhlangano ezinedumela elihle, izikhungo zezezimali, noma ngisho abantu obajwayele, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zifuna ukuthola impendulo kulokho eziqondise kubo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezinonya, ukulanda okunamathiselwe okuyingozi, noma ukunikeza ulwazi oluyimfihlo. Impumelelo yokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi incike ekusebenziseni ukwethembana namaphutha omuntu.
Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kungaba nemiphumela elimazayo kubantu ngabanye nakumabhizinisi ngokufanayo. Imithelela yokuba yisisulu sohlelo lobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ingaba yinde futhi ibe nzima, kusukela ekuntshontshweni kobunikazi kanye nokukhwabanisa kwezezimali kuya ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe kumasistimu abucayi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlakulela ukuqonda okujulile kwemvelo yokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi nezindlela ezisetshenziswa izigebengu zamakhompiyutha ukwenza lezi zenzo zobuqili zokukhohlisa.
Umthelela wokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
Imiphumela ye-a ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi okuphumelelayo kudlulela ngalé kokulahlekelwa kwezimali okusheshayo nokuphulwa kwedatha. Lokhu kuhlasela okunonya kungaqeda ukwethembana, konakalise isithunzi, futhi kubangele ukulimala okuhlala njalo kuwo womabili amazinga omuntu siqu nawenhlangano. Kubantu ngabanye, umphumela wokuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ungase uhilele inqubo enzima yokufuna ubunikazi obuntshontshiwe, ukulungisa imisebenzi ewumgunyathi, kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo okubangelwa ukwephula ubumfihlo.
Kumkhakha webhizinisi, ukuwela okuvela ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kungase kujule nakakhulu. Izinhlangano zibhekene nethemba lolwazi lobunikazi olusengozini, idatha yekhasimende, kanye nokuguguleka kokuzethemba kwabathengi. Imiphumela yezezimali ewumphumela kanye nemiphumela yezomthetho neyokulawula engaba khona igcizelela ukuphuthuma kokuqinisa ukuzivikela ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko ezingaqondile ezibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza, ukulinyazwa kwesithunzi, kanye nesidingo semizamo ebanzi yokulungisa ikhulisa umthelela walokhu kuhlasela okucashile.
Ngenxa yale mithelela, abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano kumele zibeke phambili izinyathelo zokunqanda ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ngokuqonda ngokugcwele umthelela oxubile walawa maqhinga akhohlisayo, ababambiqhaza bangahlakulela umuzwa ophakeme wokuqapha nokuqina lapho bebhekene nezinsongo ze-inthanethi eziguqukayo.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
Ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kubonakala ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngakunye kuklanyelwe ukuxhaphaza ubungozi obuthile futhi kutholwe izimpendulo ezifiswayo ezivela kuzisulu ezingasoli.. Ukuqonda lezi zici ezivamile zokuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nemodus operandi kubalulekile ekuqiniseni ukuzivikela kulezi zinsongo ezigcwele.
– Ubugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi nge-imeyili: Mhlawumbe uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ukusabalalisa ama-imeyili akhohlisayo njengezincwadi ezisemthethweni ezivela emithonjeni enedumela elihle. Lawa ma-imeyili avame ukuqukatha imilayezo ethusayo, izingcingo eziphuthumayo esenzweni, noma okunikezwayo okuhehayo okuklanyelwe ukwazisa abamukeli ukuthi badalule ulwazi olubucayi noma ukuchofoza izixhumanisi ezinonya.
- Ubugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi be-Spear: Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi bokweba imininingwane ebucayi bumelela uhlobo oluqondiwe lobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi obufaka imilayezo engokwezifiso eklanyelwe abantu abathile noma izinhlangano. Abenzi bobubi bacwaninga ngokucophelela izinhloso zabo ukuze benze ukuxhumana komuntu siqu nokukholisayo, ngaleyo ndlela bakhulise kakhulu amathuba empumelelo.
- Ubugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi: Ngobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, izigebengu ze-inthanethi zenza izifaniso ezicishe zifane zama-imeyili asemthethweni, ngokuvamile ngokulungisa izinanyathiselwa ezisemthethweni noma izixhumanisi kuma-imeyili atholwe ngaphambilini. Ngokusebenzisa ukujwayelana nokwethembana, abenzi bobubi bahlose ukukhohlisa abamukeli ukuthi bahlanganyele nokuqukethwe okungelona iqiniso, ngaleyo ndlela basize ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe noma ukudalulwa kolwazi.
- Ukushaya umkhomo: Ukukhomba abantu abasezingeni eliphezulu ezinhlanganweni, ukuhlasela komkhomo kufuna ukuxhaphaza igunya kanye nokufinyelela okukhethekile kwabantu abavelele, njengabaphathi noma abaphathi abakhulu. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zizama ukuphoqa abasebenzi abangahlosile ukuthi badalule ulwazi oluyimfihlo noma benze imisebenzi engagunyaziwe ngokuzenza lezi zibalo ezinethonya.
Ukubona amafulegi abomvu obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
Phakathi kwezikhukhula zezokuxhumana kwedijithali, ikhono lokubona nokuhlonza ngokushesha amafulegi abomvu abonisa imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi engaba khona libalulekile. Abantu ngabanye bangakwazi ukubhuntshisa lokhu kuhlasela okukhohlisayo futhi baqinise amapherimitha abo edijithali ngokuhlakulela ukuqwashisa okujulile kwezimpawu ezisobala zobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
- Izicelo Ezingaceliwe Zolwazi Lomuntu Siqu: Izinkampani ezisemthethweni azivamile ukucela imininingwane ebucayi, njengemininingwane yokungena, amagama ayimfihlo, noma imininingwane yezezimali, ngama-imeyili noma imilayezo engacelwanga. Qapha lapho uhlangabezana nezicelo ezinjalo, ikakhulukazi uma zidlulisela umuzwa wokuphuthuma noma i-alamu.
- Ama-URL asolisayo namaHyperlink: Ukuhambisa phezu kwezixhumanisi ezishumekwe ngaphakathi kwama-imeyili noma imilayezo kungaveza indawo yangempela yesixhumanisi. Ukwehluka phakathi kokuxhumana okubonisiwe nendawo okuyiwa kuyo kungase kubonise umzamo wokuqondisa abamukeli kumawebhusayithi anonya noma amakhasi obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
- Okunamathiselwe Okungacelwanga: Ama-imeyili aqukethe okunamathiselwe okungalindelekile, ikakhulukazi lawo akhuthaza ukuthi kuthathwe isinyathelo esisheshayo noma ukudlulisa ukuphuthuma, kufanele kukhulunywe ngokuqapha. Ukuvula okunamathiselwe okungaqinisekisiwe kungadalula amasistimu kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, i-ransomware, noma ezinye izinhlobo zesofthiwe enonya.
- Uhlelo lolimi kanye nesipelingi esingesihle: Ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi avame ukukhombisa amaphutha ohlelo, amaphutha esipelingi, noma ukusetshenziswa kolimi okungalungile. Lezi zinkomba zingase zibonise ukuntula ukucutshungulwa ngokucophelela kokuxhumana okusemthethweni okuvela ezinkampanini ezihlonishwayo.
- Ukuphuthuma Nezwi Le-alamu: Ama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ngokuvamile asebenzisa ulimi oluphuthumayo, afaka ukwesaba, noma adale umuzwa wemiphumela ezayo ukuze akhohlise abamukeli ezenzweni zokuxhamazela. Qaphela imilayezo evusa ukwethuka noma ekucindezela ukuthi uveze ulwazi noma uchofoze izixhumanisi ngaphandle kwengxoxo efanele.
Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
Ukunciphisa ngempumelelo ingcuphe yokuba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kudinga ukwamukela indlela ehlukene ehlanganisa izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile, ukufundisa okuphelele komsebenzisi, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamasu okulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi nesofthiwe. Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili kuqoqo lakho ledijithali, ungaqinisa ukuzivikela futhi ubhuntshise ngokuqhubekayo amaqhinga acashile ezigebengu ze-inthanethi.
Ukusebenzisa Izinyathelo Zokuvikela I-imeyili Eqinile
Ukuqiniswa kokuphepha kwe-imeyili kuyisisekelo sokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ukusebenzisa ukuhlunga kwe-imeyili okuthuthukisiwe, izivumelwano zokubethela, nezindlela zokuqinisekisa kungaqinisa kakhulu ukuqina kwengqalasizinda ye-imeyili yakho. Ukusebenzisa izihlungi eziqinile zogaxekile nokusebenzisa izimiso zokuqinisekisa umlayezo osuselwe kusizindalwazi, ukubika, nokuhambisana (i-DMARC) kunganqanda ukuthutheleka kwama-imeyili anonya futhi kuvikele ekukhohlakaleni kwesizinda.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bokubethela kwe-imeyili kukhulisa ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo nobuqotho bezokuxhumana, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ubungozi bokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe olwazini olubucayi. Ngokuqinisa ukuma kokuvikeleka kwe-imeyili yakho ye-ecosystem, ungamisa izithiyo ezinkulu ngokumelene nemizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi uthuthukise ukuqina kukonke kokuxhumana kwakho kwedijithali.
Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabasebenzi kanye Nezinhlelo Zokuqwashisa
Ukugxilisa ukuqwashisa nge-inthanethi nesiko lokusimama ezinhlanganweni kubalulekile ekwehliseni ukuthambekela kwabasebenzi ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezibanzi ezijwayeza abasebenzi ngamanuances obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, amaqhinga onjiniyela bezenhlalo, kanye nezimpawu ezibomvu ezibonisa ukuxhumana okungokomgunyathi zibalulekile ekunikeni amandla abasebenzi ukuze babone futhi baphendule ngempumelelo ezinsongweni ezingaba khona.
Ukuzivocavoca okulingiswa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kungasebenza njengamathuluzi abalulekile okulinganisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokuqeqesha, okuvumela izinhlangano ukuthi zibone izindawo ezisengozini futhi zithuthukise imizamo yazo yezemfundo. Izinhlangano zingasiqinisa kakhulu isimo sazo sokuzivikela futhi zinciphise ingcuphe yokungena ngempumelelo ngokukhuthaza abasebenzi abanolwazi nokuqonda ukuze bazulazule endaweni ekhohlisayo yokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
Ukusebenzisa Amathuluzi Okulwa Nobugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nesofthiwe
Izikhali zamathuluzi okulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nesofthiwe etholakala kubantu ngabanye nezinhlangano kuyisivikelo ngokumelene nemvelo ehlukahlukene yokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Kusukela ezandisweni zesiphequluli ezicubungula ubuqiniso bewebhusayithi kuya ezinkundleni zokuphepha ze-imeyili ezihlome ngamakhono obuhlakani obusabisayo, lawa mathuluzi adlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlonzeni kusengaphambili nasekunciphiseni imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
Izixazululo zobuhlakani bobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi eziphakamisa ama-algorithms okufunda komshini kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezinsongo zesikhathi sangempela zingathola ngokuqhubekayo futhi zihlukanise ukuxhumana okusolisayo, zinikeze abasebenzisi amandla okusebenzisa ukuqonda okunolwazi ekusebenzelaneni kwabo. Ngokusebenzisa amakhono alobu buchwepheshe obuphambili, ababambiqhaza bangakwazi ukuqinisa ukuzivikela kwabo futhi bahlakulele umuzwa ophakeme wokuqina ngokumelene namaqhinga aguqukayo ezigebengu ze-inthanethi.
Iqhaza Lokugunyazwa Kwezinto Eziningi Ekugwemeni Ukuhlaselwa Kobugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
I-Multi-factor authentication (MFA) imele indlela yokuzivikela enamandla ngokumelene nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe okuqhutshwa ukuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi okuyimpumelelo. Ngokwandisa ukuqinisekiswa okungokwesiko okusekelwe kuphasiwedi ngezendlalelo ezengeziwe zokuqinisekisa, i-MFA yethula ubukhulu obungeziwe bokuvikeleka, inikezela ngemininingwane esengozini enganele ukuze abadlali abanonya baphule amasistimu avikelwe.
Ukusebenzisa izindlela ze-MFA, njengamaphasiwedi esikhathi esisodwa, ukufakazela ubuqiniso be-biometric, noma amathokheni ezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, kunciphisa imithelela yokuqinisekisa okonakaliswa okuvela emizamweni yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi eyimpumelelo. Ngokugunyaza izinhlobo eziningi zokufakazela ubuqiniso, izinhlangano zingaqinisa ukuma kwazo kwezokuphepha futhi zivimbele ukuxhashazwa kwezigebengu ze-inthanethi kwezitifiketi ezebiwe.
Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-imeyili eziqinile
Sengiphetha, usongo oluqhubekayo lokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ludinga indlela esheshayo nenezici eziningi yokuvimbela. Ngokuqonda ngokuphelele ubunkimbinkimbi bokuhlasela kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ukuqaphela amafulegi abomvu ezinsongo ezingase zibe khona, nokusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile, abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano bangaqinisa ukuzivikela kwabo futhi bazulazule endaweni yedijithali ngokukhuthazela okuthuthukisiwe.
Imiphumela yokuba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi idlulela ngalé kokulahlekelwa kwezimali okusheshayo nokuphulwa kwedatha, okuhlanganisa ukulimala kwesithunzi, imiphumela yokulawula, nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo. Kanjalo, ukukhuliswa kwesiko lokuqwashisa ngohleloxhumano ngesiqoqelalwazi, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bezokuphepha obuthuthukisiwe, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamasu okulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kubalulekile ekwehliseni ubungozi obulethwa yilokhu kuhlasela okucashile.
Ngokwamukela ukuma okuqinile ekuqiniseni ukuzivikela ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ababambiqhaza bangakwazi ukuvikela impahla yabo yedijithali, balondoloze ubuqotho bokuxhumana kwabo, futhi banciphise umthelela omubi wezinsongo ze-inthanethi. Masiqale lolu hambo lokunika amandla, sihlome ngolwazi namathuluzi adingekayo ukuze sinqande ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi siqinise ukuzivikela kwethu ku-inthanethi. Ndawonye, singazulazula endaweni yedijithali ngokuphepha nangokuvikelekile, siqinise ukuqina kwethu lapho sibhekene nezinsongo ze-inthanethi eziguqukayo.
Umhlahlandlela ophelele owethulwe lapha ukuhlomisa ngemininingwane engenzeka kanye nezindlela zasu zokuqinisa ukuzivikela ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, uvikele ukuphepha kwakho ku-inthanethi. Ngokuhlanganisa izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu ezichazwe kulo mhlahlandlela, ungahlakulela umuzwa ophakeme wokuqapha, ukuqina, kanye nokusebenza kanzima ukuze uzulazule endaweni ekhohlisayo yezinsongo ze-cyber.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kanye nezinhlelo zokuqwashisa
Esikhathini samanje sedijithali, i-imeyili isebenza njengendlela eyinhloko yokuxhumana kwabantu ngabanye namabhizinisi. Kodwa-ke, iphinde imele okuhlosiwe okuyinhloko kokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-imeyili eziqinile kubalulekile ekwehliseni ubungozi bokuba yisisulu sala maqhinga akhohlisayo. Isu elilodwa elisebenzayo ukusebenzisa izivumelwano zokuqinisekisa i-imeyili njenge-SPF (Uhlaka Lwenqubomgomo Yomthumeli) kanye ne-DKIM (Imeyili Ekhonjiwe Yesizinda) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqiniso bama-imeyili angenayo. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kwe-DMARC (Ukuqinisekiswa Komlayezo Osekelwe Kusizinda, Ukubika, Nokuvumelana) kungathuthukisa ukuphepha kwe-imeyili ngokunikeza ukubonakala ekuqinisekiseni ubuqiniso be-imeyili nokuhlonza imithombo engaba khona yokuhlukumeza. Lezi zinyathelo ziqinisa ubuqotho bokuxhumana kwakho kwe-imeyili futhi zinciphisa amathuba okuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sokuphepha kwe-imeyili ukuqaliswa kwezihlungi eziqinile zogaxekile kanye nezindlela zokuthola uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlunga obuthuthukisiwe, ama-imeyili asolisayo futhi okungenzeka abe yingozi angabanjwa ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele ibhokisi lokungenayo lomamukeli. Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza njalo nokugcina lezi zinhlelo zokuhlunga ukuze zihambisane namaqhinga athuthukayo obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubethela kwe-imeyili kungangeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha ngokuvikela okuqukethwe kokuxhumana okubucayi ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe. Ngokuqinisa izinyathelo zokuphepha ze-imeyili yakho, unganciphisa kakhulu ukuba sengozini ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi uthuthukise ukuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Ukufundisa abasebenzisi be-imeyili mayelana nokuqapha nokungabaza lapho bephethe imilayezo engenayo nakho kubalulekile. Ukukhuthaza abantu ukuthi bahlolisise amakheli e-imeyili, bahlole amaphutha egrama, futhi baqinisekise ukufaneleka kwezixhumanisi ezishunyekiwe kungasiza ekuhlonzeni imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi engaba khona. Ngokugqugquzela isiko lokuqwashisa ngezokuphepha kwe-imeyili, izinhlangano zinganika abasebenzi amandla okuqaphela futhi babike ama-imeyili asolisayo, ngaleyo ndlela babe negalelo ekuvikelweni okuhlangene ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
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Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi alwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi nesofthiwe
Nakuba ukusebenzisa izivikelo zobuchwepheshe kubalulekile, isici somuntu sihlala sibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zivame ukuxhaphaza ubungozi bomuntu ngamaqhinga onjiniyela bomphakathi ukuze zikhohlise abantu ukuze badalule ulwazi olubucayi noma benze izenzo ezinonya bengaqondile. Izinhlelo eziphelele zokuqeqesha abasebenzi kanye nokuqwashisa zibalulekile ekuqiniseni ukuzivikela kwenhlangano ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Lezi zinhlelo kufanele zihlanganise amamojula okuqeqesha asebenzisanayo alingisa izimo zobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi babone futhi baphendule ezinsongweni ezingaba khona ngempumelelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuthaza isiko lokuqaphela ukuphepha ngaphakathi kwenhlangano kuyasiza ekwehliseni ubungozi bokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ukukhuthaza ukuxhumana okuvulekile kanye nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo kudala indawo yokuhlanganyela lapho abasebenzi befaka isandla ekuvikelweni okuhlangene emizamweni yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ukuqinisa njalo ukubaluleka kokuthobela izimiso zokuphepha nokuhlala uqaphile lapho ubhekene nezinsongo ezingase zibe khona kufaka umuzwa wokuzibophezela kanye nobunikazi ekuvikeleni ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kwenhlangano.
Ngokungeziwe kumaseshini okuqeqesha asemthethweni, izinhlelo zokuqwashisa eziqhubekayo ezifana nezincwadi zezindaba, amaphosta, nokuxhumana kwangaphakathi kuqinisa imikhuba engcono kakhulu yokuphepha ku-inthanethi futhi yazisa abasebenzi mayelana nemikhuba namaqhinga akamuva obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Ngokuhlomisa abasebenzi ngolwazi nokuqwashisa okudingekayo ukuze bahlonze futhi babhuntshise imizamo yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, izinhlangano zingaqinisa kakhulu amandla azo okumelana nalezi zinsongo ezigcwele i-inthanethi.
Iqhaza lokufakazela ubuqiniso bezinto eziningi ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
Ukuphakela ngokuqhubekayo amathuluzi nesofthiwe elwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kungasebenza njengesivikelo esinamandla emizamweni yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Izixazululo zokulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi zithuthukisa ama-algorithms athuthukile kanye nobuhlakani bosongo ukuze kuhlaziywe ama-imeyili angenayo futhi kuhlonzwe izinkomba zomsebenzi wobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Lawa mathuluzi asebenzisa inhlanganisela yokutholwa okusekelwe kusiginesha, i-heuristics, nokuhlaziywa kokuziphatha ukuze kuhlolwe ukufaneleka kokuqukethwe kwe-imeyili nezinanyathiselwa, ngaleyo ndlela evumela izinhlangano ukuthi zivimbe ukuxhumana okusolisayo ngaphambi kokugwema.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa ukuskena kwe-URL nezindlela zokuhlunga ezisuselwe kudumo ngaphakathi kwesofthiwe emelene nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kwengeza isendlalelo sokuvikela ngokuhlolisisa izixhumanisi ezishumekiwe nokuhlola ukwethembeka kwazo. Ngokuqondisa kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo ama-URL angaba yingozi ukuze kuvikelwe ama-sandbox ukuze ahlaziywe okwengeziwe, lawa mathuluzi angakwazi ukuqeda izinsongo zobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ngaphambi kokuthi zingene kunethiwekhi yenhlangano. Ukwengeza, ukufakazela ubuqiniso be-imeyili yezixazululo ezilwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokubethela kuqinisa ubuqotho bezokuxhumana nge-imeyili futhi kuvimbele ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe olwazini olubucayi.
Izinhlangano kufanele zihlole ngokucophelela amathuluzi okulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi zikhethe izixazululo ezihambisana nezidingo zokuphepha. Ukubuyekezwa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwesofthiwe elwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngempumelelo okuqhubekayo kwalezi zinyathelo zokuvikela. Ngokusebenzisa amandla wamathuluzi okulwa nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, izinhlangano zingavikela ngokuqhubekayo ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi ziqinise ukuma kwazo kukonke kokuphepha ku-inthanethi.
Isiphetho kanye nokubaluleka kokuvimbela ngokushesha
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi (i-MFA) kuyindlela yokuzivikela enamandla ekwehliseni ubungozi bokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe okuvela ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ngempumelelo. Ngokudinga amafomu amaningi okuqinisekisa ukuze aqinisekise ubunikazi babasebenzisi, i-MFA iyisivimbeli esiqinile ekungeneni okungagunyaziwe, ngisho noma kwenzeka kuba nemininingwane esengozini. Ukusebenzisa i-MFA kudinga ukwethulwa kwezinto ezengeziwe njengokuqinisekisa kwebhayomethrikhi, amakhodi e-SMS, noma amathokheni ezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, okunezela ukuqinisekiswa okungokwesiko okusekelwe kuphasiwedi ngezendlalelo ezingeziwe zokuvikela.
Esimweni sokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, i-MFA isebenza njengesivikelo ngokubhuntshisa imizamo yokufinyelela engagunyaziwe, noma ngabe imininingwane yokungena ifakwa engcupheni ngezindlela ezikhohlisayo. Ngokwethula isici sokuqinisekisa esengeziwe, i-MFA inciphisa ngokuphawulekayo amathuba okuthathwa kwe-akhawunti okuphumelelayo okubangelwa ukuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. Izinhlangano kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukene ziya ngokuya zamukela i-MFA njengesinyathelo sokuvikela esiyisisekelo ukuze ziqinise ukuzivikela ezinsongweni eziguqukayo ze-inthanethi, okuhlanganisa nokuhlaselwa kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi.
Izinhlangano kufanele zihlanganise i-MFA ezinqubweni zazo zokuqinisekisa kuwo wonke amasistimu nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanele, okuhlanganisa izinkundla ze-imeyili, izinhlelo zokusebenza zebhizinisi, nezingosi zokufinyelela kude. Ukwengeza, imfundo yabasebenzisi kanye nokuxhumana okucacile mayelana nokuqaliswa kwe-MFA kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwamukelwa okungenazihibe nokuhambisana nezimiso zokuphepha. Ngokwamukela amakhono okuvikela e-MFA, izinhlangano zingaqinisa ukuqina kwazo ekuhlaselweni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi futhi zithuthukise ukuvikeleka okuphelele kwempahla yazo yedijithali.
