Enkathini yedijithali yanamuhla, iqinisekisa ukuphepha kwenhlangano yakho Izinhlelo ze-IT kubalulekile. Ukuhlola ukuphepha kwe-IT okuphelele kungasiza ekuhlonzeni ubungozi kanye nobuthakathaka obungaxhashazwa izinsongo ze-inthanethi. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uzohlinzeka ngolwazi oludingekayo kanye nezinyathelo zokuhlola ukuphepha kwakho kwe-IT ngempumelelo futhi usebenzise izinyathelo zokuvikela idatha ebucayi yenhlangano yakho nezinhlelo.
Qonda Inhloso Nobubanzi Bokuhlola.
Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlola kokuphepha kwe-IT, kubalulekile ukuqonda injongo nobubanzi bokuhlola. Lokhu kubandakanya ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izindawo ezithile zezinhlelo ze-IT zenhlangano yakho izohlolwa nokuthi imiphi imigomo othemba ukuyifinyelela ngokubuyekezwa. Ingabe ukhathazeke kakhulu ngokuhlonza ubungozi kungqalasizinda yenethiwekhi yakho, noma ingabe ungathanda futhi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zokuphepha zenhlangano yakho? Ukuchaza ngokucacile inhloso kanye nobubanzi bokuhlola kuzosiza ukuqondisa inqubo yakho yokuhlola nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ugxile ezindaweni ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvikeleka kwakho kwe-IT.
Khomba futhi Ubeke Eqhulwini Izimpahla Nezingozi.
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kwe-IT okusebenzayo ukuhlonza nokubeka phambili izimpahla nezingozi zenhlangano yakho. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha uhlu lwazo zonke izimpahla ezingaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yakho ye-IT, njengamaseva, isizindalwazi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza, nokunquma ukubaluleka kwazo ekusebenzeni kwenhlangano yakho. Ukwengeza, udinga ukuhlola ubungozi obungaba khona kanye nokuba sengozini okungase kube nomthelela kulezi zimpahla, njengokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukuphulwa kwedatha, noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kwempahla yakho kanye nobungozi obungase bubhekane nabo, ungakwazi ukubeka phambili imizamo yakho yokuhlola futhi wabele izinsiza ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ugxila ezindaweni ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvikeleka kwakho kwe-IT futhi ubhekane nezingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu kuqala.
Hlola Ubungozi Nezinsongo.
Uma usukhombe futhi ubeke phambili izimpahla zenhlangano yakho, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlola ubungozi kanye nezinsongo ezingase zisebenzise lezo zimpahla. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT, okuhlanganisa amasistimu enethiwekhi, izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe, namadivayisi wehadiwe, ukuze kutholakale noma yibuphi ubuthakathaka noma ubuthakathaka abadlali abanonya abangase babusebenzise. Kuzokusiza futhi ukuthi uhlale unolwazi ngezinsongo zakamuva ze-cybersecurity namathrendi ukuze uqonde ubungozi obungaba khona benhlangano yakho. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuqapha njalo izindaba zemboni, ukuya ezingqungqutheleni ze-cybersecurity, kanye nokubambisana nabanye ochwepheshe be-IT. Ngokuhlola ubungozi nezinsongo, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze unciphise ubungozi futhi uvikele izimpahla zenhlangano yakho.
Linganisa Izilawuli Zokuvikela Ezikhona.
Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kwe-IT, ukuhlola izilawuli zokuphepha ezikhona zenhlangano yakho kubalulekile. Lokhu kuhilela ukubuyekeza izinyathelo zokuphepha zamanje kanye nezinqubomgomo ezikhona zokuvikela ingqalasizinda yakho ye-IT. Lokhu kufaka izindonga zokuvikela, isofthiwe ye-antivirus, izilawuli zokufinyelela, nezindlela zokubethela. Ngokuhlola lezi zilawuli, ungakwazi ukubona izikhala noma ubuthakathaka okufanele kubhekwane nabo. Kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela noma yiziphi izimfuneko zokulawula noma zokuthobela inhlangano yakho okufanele ihambisane nazo, njengoba lokhu kungase kube nomthelela kuzilawuli zokuphepha okufanele zisetshenziswe. Uma usuhlole izilawuli zokuphepha ezikhona, unganquma ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezengeziwe okufanele zithathwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kwe-IT yenhlangano yakho.
Yakha Uhlelo Lokusebenza futhi Usebenzise Izinyathelo Zokulungisa.
Ngemva kokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kwe-IT nokuhlonza izikhala noma ubuthakathaka, ukwenza uhlelo lokubhekana nalezi zinkinga kubalulekile. Lolu hlelo kufanele luveze izinyathelo ezithile zokulungisa okufanele zisetshenziswe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha kwe-IT yenhlangano yakho. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukubuyekeza isofthiwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, ukusebenzisa izilawuli zokufinyelela eziqine ngokwengeziwe, ukuqeqesha abasebenzi ngezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha, kanye nokusungula izivumelwano zokuphendula izigameko. Kubalulekile ukubeka phambili lezi zinyathelo ngokusekelwe ezingeni lobungozi ezibubeka engqalasizinda ye-IT yenhlangano yakho. Uma uhlelo lokusebenza seluthuthukisiwe, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ngempumelelo nangokushesha lezi zinyathelo zokulungisa ukuze uvikele idatha ebucayi yenhlangano yakho nezinhlelo. Ukuqapha nokuhlola okuvamile kufanele futhi kwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinyathelo ezisetshenzisiwe ziyasebenza futhi kuhlonzwe noma yibuphi ubuthakathaka obusha obungase buvele.
Kuyini Ukuhlolwa Kokuphepha Kwe-Cyber noma Ukuhlola Ubungozi be-IT?
Ingabe wonke amabhizinisi kufanele athole Ukuhlolwa Kwengozi? YEBO!
Uma uzwa “Ukuhlolwa Kokuphepha Kwe-Cyber,” ungacabanga ukuthi “Ukuhlola Ubungozi” kuyashiwo.
Ukuhlola ubungozi kuhloswe ukuthi inhlangano iqonde “ingcuphe yokuphepha ku-inthanethi emisebenzini yenhlangano (okuhlanganisa umgomo, imisebenzi, isithombe, noma isithunzi), amadivayisi, izimpahla zenhlangano, nabantu ngabanye” — NIST Cybersecurity Framework.
I-NIST Cybersecurity Framework inezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko: Identity, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover. Lezi zigaba zihlinzeka ngemisebenzi ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela ethile yokuphepha ku-inthanethi kanye nezibonelo zenkomba zokuqondisa ukuze kuzuzwe leyo miphumela.
Izinhlaka zihlinzeka ngolimi olufanayo ukuze kuqondwe, kuphathwe, futhi kuvezwe ubungozi bokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi kubabambiqhaza bangaphakathi nabangaphandle. Ingasiza ekuhlonzeni nasekubekeni phambili izenzo zokunciphisa ubungozi bokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi futhi iyithuluzi lokuqondanisa inqubomgomo, ibhizinisi, nezindlela zobuchwepheshe zokulawula leyo ngozi. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuphatha ubungozi be-cybersecurity kuzo zonke izinhlangano noma igxile ekuletheni izinsizakalo ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwenhlangano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi ahlukene - okuhlanganisa izinhlaka ezididiyela umkhakha, izinhlangano, nezinhlangano - zingasebenzisa Uhlaka ngezinye izinjongo, okuhlanganisa ukudala amaphrofayela ajwayelekile.
Uhlaka lwe-NIST lugxile ekusebenziseni abashayeli bebhizinisi ukuqondisa izinqubo ze-cybersecurity.
"Uhlaka lugxile ekusebenziseni abashayeli bebhizinisi ukuqondisa imisebenzi ye-cybersecurity kanye nokucabangela ubungozi bokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi njengengxenye yezinqubo zenhlangano zokulawula ubungozi. Uhlaka luqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: I-Framework Core, Izigaba Zokuqalisa, kanye namaphrofayili ohlaka. I-Framework Core iyisethi yemisebenzi yokuphepha ku-inthanethi, imiphumela, nezinkomba ezifundisayo ezivamile kuyo yonke imikhakha nengqalasizinda ebalulekile. Izici ze-Core zinikeza isiqondiso esinemininingwane sokuthuthukisa amaphrofayela womuntu ngamunye kanye nenhlangano. Ngokusebenzisa Amaphrofayili, Uhlaka luzosiza inhlangano ukuthi iqondanise futhi ibeke phambili imisebenzi yayo yokuphepha ku-inthanethi nezidingo zayo zebhizinisi/zenjongo., ukubekezelela ingozi, kanye nezinsiza. I-Tiers ihlinzeka ngendlela yokuthi izinhlangano zibuke futhi ziqonde izici zendlela yazo yokulawula ubungozi bokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi, okuzosiza ukubeka phambili futhi kufinyelele izinjongo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi. Nakuba lo mbhalo wenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele ze-cybersecurity kwingqalasizinda ebalulekile, Uhlaka lungasetshenziswa izinhlangano kunoma yimuphi umkhakha noma umphakathi. Uhlaka luvumela izinhlangano - ngokunganaki ubukhulu, izinga lengozi yokuphepha ku-inthanethi, noma ubunkimbinkimbi - ukusebenzisa imigomo nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokulawula ubungozi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvikeleka nokuqina. Uhlaka luhlinzeka ngohlaka olujwayelekile lokuhlela lwezindlela eziningi zokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi ngokuhlanganisa amazinga, imihlahlandlela, nezinqubo ezisebenza ngempumelelo namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi ibhekisela kumazinga aqashelwa umhlaba wonke ngokuvikeleka ku-inthanethi, Uhlaka lungasebenza njengemodeli yokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe ekuqiniseni ukuphepha ku-inthanethi kwingqalasizinda ebalulekile neminye imikhakha nemiphakathi”.
Sicela ufunde kabanzi mayelana nohlaka lwe-NIST lapha: I-NIST Framework.
