Muzera ranhasi redhijitari, kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta kwakakosha kupfuura nakare kose. Nekukwira kwekutyisidzira kwecyber senge mavhairasi, malware, uye kubira, kuchengetedza komputa yako uye ruzivo rwemunhu kwakakosha. Heano matipi gumi ekubatsira kuchengetedza komputa yako uye kuichengeta yakachengeteka.
Chengetedza software yako ichienderana.
Imwe yedzakareruka nzira dzekuchengetedza komputa yako kubva kune cyber kutyisidzirwa ndeyekuchengeta software yako ichienderana. Izvi zvinosanganisira system yako yekushandisa, web browser, uye imwe software yaunoshandisa nguva dzose. Zvigadziriso zveSoftware kazhinji zvine zvigamba zvekuchengetedza zvinogadzirisa zvinozivikanwa kusagadzikana, saka kuzvimisa nekukurumidza kana kwava kuwanikwa kwakakosha. Uye zvakare, akawanda mapurogiramu esoftware ane otomatiki yekuvandudza chimiro chaunogona kugonesa kuve nechokwadi chekuti unogara uine yazvino vhezheni.
Shandisa mapassword akasimba uye akasiyana.
Kushandisa mapassword akasimba uye akasarudzika nderimwe rematanho akakosha ekudzivirira komputa yako kubva kutyisidziro yecyber. Rega kushandisa mazwi akajairika kana zvirevo; pachinzvimbo, shandisa musanganiswa wemabhii epamusoro neadiki, manhamba, uye zviratidzo. Kushandisa password yakasiyana yeakaundi yega yega kwakakoshawo kuchengetedza mamwe ma tabo ako kana password imwe ikakanganiswa. Funga kushandisa password maneja kuti ikubatsire kugadzira uye kuchengeta mapassword akasimba.
Bvumira kuvimbiswa kwezvinhu zviviri.
Huviri-zvinhu huchokwadi hunowedzera imwe chengetedzo kumaakaundi ako nekuda yechipiri fomu yekusimbisa kuwedzera papassword yako. Iyi inogona kuve kodhi inotumirwa kufoni yako kana email kana biometric chinhu senge chigunwe kana kuzivikanwa kwechiso. Mazhinji masevhisi epamhepo zvino anopa mbiri-chinhu chechokwadi senge sarudzo, uye zvinokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kuti iwe uzvigonese kune chero maakaundi ane ruzivo rwakadzama kana data rezvemari.
Ngwarira maemail anofungidzirwa uye zvinongedzo.
Imwe yedzakajairika nzira cybercrosec kuwana komputa yako kuburikidza ne phishing emails uye zvinongedzo. Aya maemail anogona kuoneka kubva kune zviri pamutemo sosi, senge bhangi rako kana kambani inozivikanwa. Zvakadaro, zvakagadzirirwa kukunyengedza kuti upe ruzivo rwako pachako kana kurodha malware. Saka gara wakangwarira maemail uye zvinongedzo zvinoita sekunyumwira kana kubvunza ruzivo rwakadzama, uye usambofa wakadzvanya pane zvinongedzo kana kudhawunirodha zvakanamirwa kubva kusingazivikanwe masosi.
Shandisa antivirus software uye chengetedza iyo yakagadziridzwa.
anti virus software inodzivirira komputa yako kubva kumavhairasi, malware, uye kumwe kutyisidzira kwecyber. Ita shuwa yekuisa ine mukurumbira antivirus software uye chengeta ichigadziridzwa nguva nenguva kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inogona kuona uye kubvisa kutyisidzira kwazvino. Uye zvakare, akawanda antivirus zvirongwa zvinopa mamwe maficha senge firewall uye email mafirita kuti ape zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa. Chekupedzisira, rangarira kuchengetedza sisitimu yako yekushandisa uye imwe software inoenderana neyazvino kuchengetedza zvigamba uye zvigadziriso.
Iko Kukura Kukosha Kwekuchengetedza Kombuta muDigital Age
Muzera ranhasi redhijitari, kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta kwave kwakanyanya kunetsa. Nekuwedzera kuvimba nehunyanzvi, mabhizinesi uye vanhu vari panjodzi yekutyisidzirwa kwakasiyana siyana kwecyber. Migumisiro yekusakwana kwekuchengetedzwa kwekombuta inogona kukuvadza, kubva pakutyorwa kwedata kusvika pakurwisa malware. Apa ndipo panodiwa matanho ekuchengetedza akasimba.
Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi, ndozvinoitawo matekiniki anoshandiswa nematsotsi epamhepo. Hackers vanoramba vachitsvaga nzira nyowani dzekushandisa kushaya simba uye kuwana kusingatenderwe kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama. Naizvozvo, masangano nevanhu vanofanirwa kukoshesa kuchengetedza kwekombuta kuchengetedza data, masisitimu, uye kuvanzika.
Nekudyara mumatanho ekuchengetedza makomputa anoshanda, mabhizinesi anogona kuchengetedza pfuma yavo yehungwaru, data rezvemari, uye ruzivo rwevatengi. Pamusoro pezvo, vanhu vanogona kudzikisira njodzi yekubirwa zvitupa, hutsotsi hwepamhepo, uye humwe hutsotsi hwepamhepo. Mazano akasiyana-siyana anogona kuitwa kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta, kubva kune akasimba mapassword uye firewall dziviriro kusvika kunguva dzose masoftware anogadziridza uye kudzidziswa kwevashandi.
Mukupedzisa, kukosha kuri kukura kwekuchengetedzwa kwekombuta muzera redhijitari hakugone kuregererwa. Nekugona kwekukuvadza kukuru kwemari uye mukurumbira, mabhizinesi nevanhu vanofanirwa kuisa pamberi uye kuisa mari mumatanho akasimba ekuchengetedza.
Nei kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta kwakakosha
Kukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwekombiyuta hakugoni kuwedzererwa. Sezvo tekinoroji iri kuramba ichifambira mberi, ndozvinoitawo matekiniki anoshandiswa nematsotsi. Hackers vanoramba vachitsvaga nzira nyowani dzekushandisa kushaya simba uye kuwana kusingatenderwe kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama. Naizvozvo, masangano nevanhu vanofanirwa kukoshesa kuchengetedza kwekombuta kuchengetedza data, masisitimu, uye kuvanzika.
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha nei kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta kwakakosha kuchengetedza pfuma yehungwaru, data rezvemari, uye ruzivo rwevatengi. Mabhizinesi emasaizi ese anochengeta hupfumi hweruzivo rwakadzama, kusanganisira zvakavanzika zvekutengesa, zvinyorwa zvemari, uye dhatabhesi revatengi. Pasina matanho akakwana ekuchengetedza, ruzivo urwu rwakakosha runogona kubiwa kana kukanganisa, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi uye kukanganisa mukurumbira wekambani.
Kutyisidzira kwakajairika kune kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta
Kune kutyisidzira kwakasiyana-siyana kunotarisana nemabhizimisi uye vanhu maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwekombiyuta. Kunzwisisa kutyisidzira uku kwakakosha kuti udzivirire kubva kwavari zvinobudirira. Zvimwe zvezvinonyanya kutyisidzira zvinosanganisira:
1. Malware: Malware zvinoreva software yakaipa yakagadzirirwa kukanganisa kushanda kwekombuta, kuba data, kana kuwana masystem asina mvumo. Izvi zvinosanganisira mavhairasi, makonye, Trojans, uye ransomware.
2. Phishing icyber-attack apo vanorwisa vanoedzesera masangano ari pamutemo kana vanhu kuti vanyengedze vashandisi kuti vape ruzivo rwakadzikama semapassword, ruzivo rwekadhi rechikwereti, kana nhamba dzekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu.
3. Kutyorwa kweData: Kutyorwa kwedata kunoitika kana vanhu vasina mvumo vachiwana, kuba, kana kuburitsa ruzivo rwakadzama. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuba zvitupa, kurasikirwa nemari, uye kukuvadzwa kwemukurumbira.
4. Social Engineering: Social engineering inosanganisira kunyengera vanhu kuti vaburitse ruzivo rwakadzama kana kuita zviito zvinogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekuedzesera, kunyepedzera, kana chirauro.
5. Insider Threats: Kutyisidzira kwemukati kunoitika kana vanhu vari mukati mesangano vakashandisa zvisirizvo kodzero yavo yekuwana kuba kana kukanganisa ruzivo rwakadzama. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira vashandi vasingagutsikani, makondirakiti, kana vabatsiri.
Mhedzisiro yekurwiswa kwecyber pamabhizinesi uye vanhu
Mhedzisiro yekurwiswa kwecyber inogona kukuvadza kune ese makambani uye vanhu. Kune mabhizinesi, kukanganisa kwemari uye mukurumbira kunogona kuve kwakakosha. Kubudirira kwecyber kurwiswa kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nevatengi kuvimba, mhedzisiro yepamutemo, uye inodhura kudzoreredza kuedza.
Pamusoro pezvo, mabhizinesi anogona kutambura nekuderera, kurasikirwa kwechigadzirwa, uye kukanganisa kwesevhisi. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwemari uye kuderera kwekugutsikana kwevatengi.
Kune vanhu, mhedzisiro yekurwiswa kwecyber inogona kukuvadza zvakaenzana. Kuba zvitupa, hutsotsi hwepamhepo, uye kurasikirwa nemari ingozi shoma dzinosangana nevanhu. Ruzivo rwemunhu, rwakadai senhamba dzekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, ruzivo rwekadhi rechikwereti, uye mapassword, anogona kubiwa uye kushandiswa kuita chitsotsi. Izvi zvinogona kuva nemhedzisiro inogara kwenguva refu pamagariro emunhu emari uye hupenyu hwemunhu.
Maitiro akanakisa ekuchengetedza komputa
Kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwekombuta, mabhizinesi nevanhuwo zvavo vanofanirwa kuita akasiyana maitiro akanaka. Aya maitiro anosanganisira:
1. Mapassword Akasimba: Shandisa mapassword akaoma kunzwisisa anosanganisa mavara makuru nemadiki, manhamba, uye mavara akakosha. Dzivisa kushandisa mapassword ari nyore kufungidzira kana kushandisa zvekare mapassword mumaakaundi akawanda.
2. Kudzivirirwa kweFirewall: Isa uye ugare uchivandudza firewall software kuti utarise uye udzore inouya uye inobuda network traffic. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kupinda kusingatenderwe uye kudzivirira kubva kune malware.
3. Nguva Dzose Magadzirirwo Esoftware: Chengeta software yese, kusanganisira masisitimu anoshanda, maapplication, uye zvirongwa zveantivirus, zvichifambirana neazvino kuchengetedza zvigamba. Izvi zvinobatsira kugadzirisa kusasimba uye kudzivirira kubva kune zvinozivikanwa zviito.
4. Kudzidziswa Kwevashandi: Ipa nguva dzose kudzidzisa uye mapurogiramu ekuziva kudzidzisa vashandi nezvekukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwekombiyuta. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuziva maemail ekubira, kudzivirira mawebhusaiti anofungidzirwa, uye kubata zvakachengetedzeka ruzivo.
5. Data Backup: Nguva dzose chengetedza data yakakosha uye iva nechokwadi chokuti zvinyorwa zvinochengetwa zvakachengeteka. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kubva pakurasikirwa kwedata kana paine cyber-attack kana system kutadza.
Zvishandiso zvakakosha uye software yekuchengetedza komputa
Kune akati wandei maturusi uye software iripo inogona kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta. Zvishandiso izvi zvinosanganisira:
1. Antivirusi Software: Isa ine mukurumbira antivirus software yekuona, kuvharira, uye kubvisa malware kubva kuhurongwa hwako. Gara uchivandudza iyo antivirus software kudzivirira kubva kutsva kutyisidzira.
2. Virtual Private Network (VPN): Shandisa VPN encrypt internet traffic uye chengetedza ruzivo rwakadzama paunenge uchishandisa veruzhinji Wi-Fi network. VPN inogadzira kubatana kwakachengeteka pakati pechishandiso chako neInternet, kudzivirira kupinda kusingatenderwe.
3. Mbiri-Factor Authentication (2FA): Gonesa 2FA pamaakaundi ese anoitsigira. 2FA inowedzera imwezve chengetedzo nekuda kuti vashandisi vape mafomu maviri ekuzivikanwa, senge password uye yakasarudzika kodhi inotumirwa kune yavo nharembozha.
4. Encryption Software: Shandisa encryption software kuchengetedza data inonzwisisika mukufambisa uye pakuzorora. Encryption inoshandura dhata kuita fomati inogona kuwanikwa chete nekiyi yedecryption chaiyo, zvichiita kuti isaverengeke kuvanhu vasina mvumo.
Basa re encryption mukuchengetedza komputa
Encryption inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza komputa. Iyo inova nechokwadi chekuti data rakavanzika rinoramba rakachengetedzwa, kunyangwe richiwira mumaoko asiri iwo. Encryption inoshandura mavara akajeka kuita ciphertext, iyo inogona kungodzikiswa nekiyi chaiyo yekuvharidzira.
Encryption inoshandiswa kuchengetedza data mune akasiyana mamiriro, kusanganisira:
1. Kufambiswa kweData: Encryption inoshandiswa kuchengetedza data inofambiswa pamanetiweki seInternet. Izvi zvinodzivirira vanhu vasina mvumo kubva mukubvuta uye kuverenga data.
2. Kuchengeta Data: Encryption inodzivirira data yakachengetwa pamidziyo, maseva, kana gore. Izvi zvinoita kuti data irambe yakachengeteka kunyangwe iyo yekuchengetera svikiro yakakanganiswa.
3. Kukurukurirana: Encryption inochengetedza nzira dzekukurukurirana senge email kana kutumira mameseji. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuvanzika uye kuvimbika kwekutaurirana.
Kukosha kwekugara kwesoftware updates
Nguva dzose magadzirirwo esoftware akakosha pakuchengetedza komputa. Zvigadziriso zveSoftware, zvinozivikanwawo sezvigamba, zvinoburitswa nevatengesi kugadzirisa kusasimba uye kugadzirisa tsikidzi mune yavo software. Nekuchengeta software ichienderana, vanhu uye mabhizinesi vanogona kudzivirira kubva kumabasa anozivikanwa uye kuderedza njodzi yekurwiswa necyber.
Vatsvagiri vekuchengetedza kana ma hackers vanowanzoona kusashanda kwesoftware. Pakangoonekwa kusagadzikana, vatengesi vanoshanda kugadzira chigamba chinogadzirisa nyaya yacho. Kuisa aya mapeche nekukurumidza paanoburitswa kunoita kuti system yako irambe yakachengeteka.
Kuchengetedza ruzivo rwako pamhepo
Kuchengetedza ruzivo rwako pamhepo kwakakosha kudzivirira kubiwa kwekuzivikanwa uye cybercrime. Heano mamwe matipi ekuchengetedza ruzivo rwako pachako:
1. Ngwarira kugovera ruzivo rwako pachako: Ipa chete ruzivo rwemunhu kana zvichidikanwa uye kune anovimbwa nawo. Ngwarira zvikumbiro zveruzivo rwakadzama kuburikidza neemail, mafoni, kana mawebhusaiti anofungidzirwa.
2. Shandisa mawebhusaiti akachengeteka: Tarisa padlock icon uye "https" muURL kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti webhusaiti yakachengeteka. Dzivisa kuisa ruzivo rwakadzama pamawebhusaiti asina matanho ekuchengetedza akakodzera munzvimbo.
3. Ongorora maakaundi ako: Gara uchitarisa masitatimendi ako ekubhangi, masitatimendi ekadhi rechikwereti, uye mamwe maakaundi emari kana ukaita basa risina kubvumirwa. Mhan'ara chero kutengeserana kunofungidzirwa nekukasika.
4. Shandisa zvigadziriso zvekuvanzika: Gadzirisa magadzirirwo ekuvanzika pasocial media mapuratifomu uye mamwe maakaundi epamhepo kuti udzikise huwandu hweruzivo rwemunhu rwunowanikwa pachena.
5. Gara uchiongorora mushumo wako wechikwereti: Wana kopi yemushumo wako wechikwereti kubva kumasangano anokweretesa kanenge kamwe pagore uye uongorore kana pane chero chiitiko chekufungidzira kana kusarurama.
10: Mhedziso
Mukupedzisa, kukosha kuri kukura kwekuchengetedzwa kwekombuta muzera redhijitari hakugone kuregererwa. Nekugona kwekukuvadza kukuru kwemari uye mukurumbira, mabhizinesi nevanhu vanofanirwa kuisa pamberi uye kuisa mari mumatanho akasimba ekuchengetedza. Nekunzwisisa kutyisidzira kwakajairwa, kuita zvakanakisa maitiro, nekushandisa zvakakosha maturusi uye software, masangano nevanhu vanogona kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwekombuta yavo uye kudzivirira kubva mukurwiswa necyber. Kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakadzama, kugara uchivandudza software, uye kudzidzira maitiro akachengeteka epamhepo kwakakosha pakuita kuti pave nenharaunda yakachengeteka yedhijitari.
